The link between drug use and crime is not a new one and numerous studies show that drugs use directly relates to crime in multiple ways. ... The Office of national Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) summarizes the drug to crime relationship in three ways: [d]rug defined offenses, [which are] violations of laws prohibiting or regulating the possession, use, distribution or manufacture of illegal drugs, [d]rug related offenses, to which a drug's pharmacologic effects contribute; offenses motivated by the user's need for money to support continued use; and offenses connected to drug distrib...

• Word Count: 2815
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Thanks to the task force, drug arrests went up by 27%, and drug seizures went up by 50%. ... Upon examining the relationship between marijuana use and violent crime, the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse concluded, "Rather than inducing violent or aggressive behavior through its purported effects of lowering inhibitions, weakening impulse control and heightening aggressive tendencies, marihuana was usually found to inhibit the expression of aggressive impulses by pacifying the user, interfering with muscular coordination, reducing psychomotor activities and generally producing st...

• Word Count: 4899
• Approx Pages: 20

Nixon felt that drugs are bad, so bad people do drugs. ... The connections between drug use and drug policy are simple. Drug policy is created to help prevent, if not end drug use. ... Instead, it is supporting two drug enforcement and drug trafficking. ... The policy has failed to reduce drug-related deaths, drug abuse, drug availability, and crime. laws against drugs not being an effective solution. ...

• Word Count: 5296
• Approx Pages: 21
• Grade Level: High School

To clarify the situation, the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 abolished, replaced, or updated all previous federal laws concerned with narcotics and all other dangerous drugs. ... The act dealt with prevention and treatment of drug abuse as well as control of drug traffic. The Anti-Drug Abuse Acts of 1986 and 1988 increased funding for treatment and rehabilitation; the 1988 act created the Office of National Drug Control Policy. Its director, often referred to as the drug czar, is responsible for coordinating national drug control policy. ... Morphine , a...

• Word Count: 5106
• Approx Pages: 20
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The cops started cracking down and setting up drug busts. ... (Drug Enforcement Agency) to put an end to the drug war. ... The drug dealers would see a huge downfall of money if their most popular drug became legal. ... There will always be some sort of drug war going on, but it will be substantially easier for the different law enforcement agencies to control. ... The drug users become addicted to these drugs and they cannot help from coming back time and time again to purchase these narcotics. ...

• Word Count: 2506
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Thanks to the task force, drug arrests went up by 27%, and drug seizures went up by 50%. ... Upon examining the relationship between marijuana use and violent crime, the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse concluded, "Rather than inducing violent or aggressive behavior through its purported effects of lowering inhibitions, weakening impulse control and heightening aggressive tendencies, marihuana was usually found to inhibit the expression of aggressive impulses by pacifying the user, interfering with muscular coordination, reducing psychomotor activities and generally producing st...

• Word Count: 4953
• Approx Pages: 20

Problem solving courts rely on the application of rudimentary principles of operant conditioning to control behavior. ... Since the introduction and success of drug courts in 1989, several addition forms of problem solving courts have come to light. ... Key tools of drug courts are frequent monitoring, education, alcohol and drug testing, and rehabilitation programs (Casey 2005), which participants frequently appear before the drug court judge, and meetings with court-affiliated case managers regarding progress. ... For example, if a person is sent to a drug treatment court with a drug addicti...

• Word Count: 4011
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Drug Enforcement Agency reports that Vicodin is the most abused prescription drug in the United States. ... The Federal Drug Enforcement Administration believes Vicodin may be the most abused prescription drug in the country (DEA, 2007). ... Society views addiction as a person who made bad choices lacks moral character and has lost control of their lives. ... These people are not "drug addicts" in the stereotypical sense, but people with real medical conditions who find themselves in the same situation as drug addicts. ... They no longer have the urge or the need to resort to buying from d...

• Word Count: 3818
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Marijuana is also a very harmful drug. ... Drug abusers find the sense of pleasure is quite easy to obtain through drug usage. ... After testing it under a controlled substance, he later noted that it brought forth fear and disorganization. ... In a study of four artists that were given LSD, they concluded that the lines and colors were less controlled and more free, and the drawings seemed to be more imaginative and to have greater esthetic value (Barber, 53). ... Lysergic acid deviates were found to relieve migraines and control hemorrhages because it causes veins to contract, but also cause...

• Word Count: 10574
• Approx Pages: 42

Since the passage of the Harrison Act in 1914, the federal approach to drug abuse control has included a variety of ways for reducing both the supply of, and demand for, illicit drugs. ... Zero tolerance meant: (1) that if there were no drug abusers there would be no drug problem, (2) that the market for drugs is created not only by availability, but by demand, (3) that drug abuse starts as a willful act, (4) that the perception that drug users are powerless to act against the drug availability and peer pressure is an erroneous one, (5) that most illegal drug users can choose to their behavio...

• Word Count: 2648
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Is Legalization A Realistic Alternative To The War On Drugs? ... In sum, the drug market is already saturated with a combination of legal and illegal drugs. ... DuPont, a clinical professor of psychiatry at Georgetown University and former director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy, provides evidence in pre-prohibition experiences as well as more current experiments with legalization. ... Instead, drug-related crime increased, drug dealers from other nations brought their business to Zurich, and the health care system was overwhelmed as drug users were in constant need of resusc...

• Word Count: 4624
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Is Legalization A Realistic Alternative To The War On Drugs? ... In sum, the drug market is already saturated with a combination of legal and illegal drugs. ... DuPont, a clinical professor of psychiatry at Georgetown University and former director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy, provides evidence in pre-prohibition experiences as well as more current experiments with legalization. ... Instead, drug-related crime increased, drug dealers from other nations brought their business to Zurich, and the health care system was overwhelmed as drug users were in constant need of resusc...

• Word Count: 4794
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

A disease is a condition of the body such that one has no control over the unfolding course of events (ie catching a cold virus). ... controllable byproduct of the body's physical need for a substance that can take over and destroy one's life regardless of willpower. ... There are two characteristics that are common to most clinical definitions of dependence and addiction: a compulsion to take the drug with a loss of control in limiting intake and a withdrawal syndrome that results in physical as well as motivational signs of discomfort when the drug is removed (Koob, G. et al., 1...

• Word Count: 2595
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography

Despite the common knowledge that drug and alcohol use during pregnancy is harmful to an unborn child, many pregnant woman choose to use drugs and alcohol throughout the duration of their pregnancy. ... Additionally, Lofipour discovered that the orbitofrontal cortex in the brains of the prenatally exposed teenagers were much smaller than the non-exposed control group (Lofipour 1248). ... A newborn baby can go through grueling and painful drug withdrawal for drugs he or she never chose to use. ... Coles, presentation for the 2010 Drug, DUI, and Mental Health Court Conference in Atlanta Georgia...

• Word Count: 2546
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

A lot of criminological investigation involves trying to conclude whether a specific factor increases the risk of involvement in crime, when other possible risk factors are controlled by being held constant. Of course, the detection of a statistical alliance between some factor, and crime, never provides any guarantee that the factor being studied actually causes crime, even when efforts have been made to control other likely factors. ...

• Word Count: 3709
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

DARE Drug Abuse Resistance Education (DARE) is a program designed to discourage drug use and violence among school age children. ... During these weekly classes, DARE officers taught the following: Personal safety practices; Drug use and misuse; Consequences of using and not using drugs; Resisting pressures to use drugs; Resistance techniques-ways to say no; Building self-esteem; Assertiveness; Managing stress without using drugs; Media influences on drug use; Decision making and risk taking; Alternatives to drug use; Other activities; Officer-planned lesson; Role modeling; Project DARE s...

• Word Count: 3244
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School

Others feel- that this heightened media coverage is a direct result of the consequences of drugs and drug abuse. ... Even though these advocates are definitely pro-war on drugs, they have no realistic illusions of the total eradication of drugs and drug abuse in the United States of America. ... To stop the trafficking of illicit drugs is just one of many aspects to fighting a successful war on drugs. ... The war on drugs was designed by the government to, basically, reduce the demand for illegal drugs by educating the public about the dangers of drugs and drug abuse. ... The surveyi...

• Word Count: 5937
• Approx Pages: 24
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

HCRS staff members screen, evaluate and provide alcohol and substance abuse counseling services for clients with alcohol or drug abuse and addiction problems. ... One additional factor, mentioned by the University of Minnesota (2004), that we believe will have a positive impact on the future demand for substance abuse counselors is that of employers increasingly referring their employees for alcohol and drug abuse services through employee assistance programs (EAPs). ... According to SAMHSA's (2002) National Survey on Drug Use & Health, "An estimated 22.0 million Americans aged 12 or ol...

• Word Count: 2624
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Justice Department shifted its attention to street crime, especially drug-law enforcement. In October 1982, Reagan announced the War on Drugs. ... To justify the War on Drugs, the Reagan administration launched a media offensive. ... According to The New Jim Crow, Portugal responded to drug addiction and abuse by decriminalizing the possession of all drugs and redirecting the money that would have gone to putting drug-users in cages into drug treatment and prevention. In ten years, rates of drug abuse, addiction and drug-related crime had plummeted. ...

• Word Count: 4144
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography

A drug screening survey is a useful tool in determining whether an individual has or shows a potential addiction problem. ... For instance, gambling addicts should not frequent betting or lottery Pg. 3 establishments, ecstasy addicts must discontinue attending at raves, heroin or cocaine addicts must consciously choose places where drugs are not condoned and avoid frequenting known locations where drugs are used. ... For example where a cocaine addict is in the process of recovery, he must not only abstain from his drug of choice, but from all psychotropic drugs including alcohol. ...

• Word Count: 2564
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

INTRODUCTION Marijuana - often called pot, grass, reefer, weed, herb, mary jane, or mj - is the Nation's most commonly used illicit drug. ... Marijuana is the recreational drug of choice for millions of middle class Americans. ... Marijuana is the third most popular recreational drug of choice for Americans, exceeded only by alcohol and tobacco in popularity.3 Types of Drugs Used by Past Month Illicit Drug Users Aged 12 or Older: 2002 Marijuana penalties vary nation wide. ... This is because patients consume the drug orally. ... A 1999 report by the US Institute of Medi...

• Word Count: 2773
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The music sours the atmosphere and becomes disturbing as she embarks on yet another addictive drug, caffeine. ... The film's subjective sound is used as a tool to control the audience's level of awareness, as we are often shocked into attentiveness by certain loud sounds. ... They also show how drugs can completely disconnect an addict from the real world. ... Quick dialogue occurs in many scenes to portray a sense of urgency and to parallel the drug users' hyper activity. ... This shows two things; the enormous size of the T.V. and the enormous amount of control it has ove...

• Word Count: 2666
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

The music sours the atmosphere and becomes disturbing as she embarks on yet another addictive drug, caffeine. ... The film's subjective sound is used as a tool to control the audience's level of awareness, as we are often shocked into attentiveness by certain loud sounds. ... They also show how drugs can completely disconnect an addict from the real world. ... Quick dialogue occurs in many scenes to portray a sense of urgency and to parallel the drug users' hyper activity. ... This shows two things; the enormous size of the T.V. and the enormous amount of control it has ove...

• Word Count: 2666
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

When the drug appears as dark brown or black it is known as "black tar-. ... It slows down the work of the muscles that control breathing. ... Compared with other drugs, inhalants are available and cheap. ... Often inhalants lead to taking "harder- types on drugs. ... By harming the central nervous system, inhalants may dangerously injure the activity of the nerves that controls the breathing system. ...

• Word Count: 2633
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

Heroin is an illegal opiate drug made from the seeds of the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum. ... Heroin and Opiates were made illegal in 1920 with the Dangerous Drugs Act. ... Twenty years later, in 1898, when the Bayer Company of Elberfeld, Germany began mass producing the drug as a broad-spectrum painkiller, it coined the trade name "heroin" for this new drug. ... Recently, drug smugglers have been forced to be more creative because trafficking laws are getting more stringent, and police and customs officials are devising new ways to detect drugs. ... The traffickers said this was to hide th...

• Word Count: 3024
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate