The court ruled that the punishment of denationalization violated the Eighth Amendment because it was a cruel and unusual punishment. (Text, 313) Later in 1977 a more clear definition was established as to what defined "cruel and unusual punishment-. ... (Textbook, 313) Five years before the court determined "proportionality analysis- of a punishment, they wrestled the question of corporal punishment, or punishment through physical force causing bodily harm. ... Corporal punishment may be used by the state in educating children to "the maintenance of group discipline-. ... In what I'v...

• Word Count: 1928
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Inmate population increased over time and wardens had to take measures in order to discipline the prisoners. ... He allowed lots of corporal punishment and never gave a chance to inmates. ... But in addition, a prison is reformative as well because prisons should be educational and socially adaptive (2, 3). ... His opinions for providing discipline were completely contrary to Lynds". ... Moreover, Osborne never wanted to give capital punishments such as electrocution. ...

• Word Count: 1013
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography

Until the nineteenth century, the aims of imprisonment were retribution and deterrence, "most crimes were dealt with by some combination of fines, corporal punishment, mutilation or death" (Scull 1977, p.18). ... Between the end of the eighteenth and the beginning of the nineteenth centuries however, incarceration gradually became the predominant mode of punishment and the emphasis shifted to reform and rehabilitation as the primary aims of imprisonment (Tomasic and Dobinson 1979, p.14). ... This more rigid form of control saw surveillance and not just punishment being the objective. ... Th...

• Word Count: 2402
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate