Introduction "International marketing research can be defined as market research conducted either simultaneously or sequentially to facilitate marketing decisions in more than one country" (Kumar, 2000). ... Global companies must forget the idiosyncratic differences between countries and cultures and instead concentrate on satisfying universal drives." ... Measurement Reliability It is critical for firms to have access to reliable and relevant research in order to develop successful marketing campaigns. ... The reality is that many products, and the behaviour that surrounds them, hav...

• Word Count: 2515
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

For example, America is a country of multinationalities and each nationality has its own culture characteristic of its community. ... Canada is also a multicultural country of over one hundred nationalities, with each ethnic group observing its own cultural distinctions. ... Language and culture evolved and developed together, and therefore have been interwoven and mutually dependent throughout their history. Neither of them can exist or develop without the other. ... It is no doubt that Chinese people and people of English-speaking countries would have different cultural or emotional associa...

• Word Count: 2958
• Approx Pages: 12

In the 1970's, there was a big turning point for the country as a whole. ... During the war, much of the country was compromised. ... With this new emphasis moving forward, the framework of cultural policies began to develop within the country, which mirrored the development of other European countries. ... This was not the same for other countries such as France and the UK. ... There has always been a very specific gap regarding the supply and demand between the rich and the developed northern regions and the poor southern regions. ...

• Word Count: 4030
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

A review of consumer durables ownership in EU countries with similar income levels shows the importance of non-income factors in determining consumption behavior. ... It is remarkable that the same countries (Italy, Netherlands, Sweden) can be at the high penetration level for some appliances and at the low penetration level for others. ... Many members of a culture develop a feeling of superiority over other cultures and can become egocentric. ... People can also develop self-identity within a culture and may have culture shock if they are exposed to a new and confusing culture different from...

• Word Count: 2745
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

During a time of increasing mobility and migration across countries and continents, there is a high chance that immigrants from Non-Western cultures may seek psychotherapeutic help for themselves or for their children (Maiello, 1999). ... All forms of psychotherapy are influenced by the culture that developed it and the time period in which the methods were developed. ... There was increased concern in the 1970s and 1980s with how to deliver mental health counseling for minorities, migrants, refugees, sojourners, and foreign students, closely related to the emerging human rights movement in ...

• Word Count: 2645
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

Abstract Ravaged by war, violently pushed out of their home country, separated from their extended family and friends, and evacuated to a foreign country where they have no commonality, Vietnamese refugees faced the worst after the end of Vietnam War in 1975. ... Vietnamese American communities have developed, grown and preserved a place within American society along with other Asian American groups. ... In fact, they have left their country of birth behind forever. ... Although having to leave their birth country behind, Vietnamese immigrants did not abandon their indigenous culture. ... T...

• Word Count: 2794
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Culture has become a vehemently significant issue in connection with teaching English in a country where English is not the mother tongue. ... Pratt describes the creative approaches students may develop to negotiate this conflict as the "arts of the contact zone.... I believe that by using the contact-zone theory, educators can develop a more reflective and productive educational practice. ... The aims of the course are: To introduce you to a range of major authors and works of the period To introduce you to key themes, issues and problems To develop a broad historical understanding p...

• Word Count: 2530
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Throughout time different counties and cultures developed their recognition of good looks, elegance and charm. ... Therefore because culture varies from country to county and even within the cities, the big role in identifying beauty is played by how society views and teaches their members on how and why people should consider one person as more attractive than the other. ... Though out times people were always comparing themselves to others and history of the country, civilization played a big role in shaping societies' image of pleasant and attractive. ... Maybe at that time they had a...

• Word Count: 3143
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Although two countries, China and Korea, are often considered culturally relatively close, the cultural values reflected in the commercials are frequently quite different. ... Research in this category typically tries to contrast culturally inspired norms such as gender roles between different countries. ... Ethnology inspired research Studies in this category reply on a set of historic and general society values to explain perceived differences in advertising in two or more countries (e.g. ... There are values, symbols, nonverbal communication, life style, and the country-of-origin. ... ...

• Word Count: 3572
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography

This essay will show how the imposition of alien values on a culture leads that culture to be all but destroyed, leaving the people with something far worse than the "uncivilised" sights faced by the colonisers when they arrived in the country. ...

• Word Count: 2919
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

Ibrahim and Arredondo (1986) authored a proposal to develop specific ethical standards regarding multicultural counseling in the areas of education, research, assessment, and practice. ... Adapted primarily from the original Integrative Model developed by Tarvydas (1998), also drawing from the Social Constructivist Model (Cottone, 2001) and the Collaborative Model (Davis, 1997), this proposed model is titled the Transcultural Integrative Ethical' Decision-Making Model (hereafter referred to as the Transcultural Integrative Model). ...

• Word Count: 5041
• Approx Pages: 20
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

Ibrahim and Arredondo (1986) authored a proposal to develop specific ethical standards regarding multicultural counseling in the areas of education, research, assessment, and practice. ... Adapted primarily from the original Integrative Model developed by Tarvydas (1998), also drawing from the Social Constructivist Model (Cottone, 2001) and the Collaborative Model (Davis, 1997), this proposed model is titled the Transcultural Integrative Ethical' Decision-Making Model (hereafter referred to as the Transcultural Integrative Model). ...

• Word Count: 5041
• Approx Pages: 20
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

Such segments as beliefs, values and traditions are frequently imbued in a general public and have clear contrasts among distinctive countries. ... Following 5-years, the fast food organization developed 11 eateries. ... It would not be straightforward for KFC to succeed far and wide, on the off chance that it supplied the American tastes without giving any thought to the expanded societies and customs of neighborhood buyers in diverse countries," he said. ...

• Word Count: 4923
• Approx Pages: 20
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

First, compared to other organizations (a navy, a university, a whole country) a football club is a relatively simple organization, which allows enough energy for paying careful attention to each detail. ...

• Word Count: 2578
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

How a US Executive can Make a Good First Impression on an American Executive upon their First Business Meeting Introduction Japan, a country within the continent of Asia, is a chain of islands located east of Korea with a population exceeding 125 million. ... Therefore, there is a need for greater awareness of the impact of verbal and nonverbal behavior on international business communications, and if executives are to meet the challenges of an increasingly interdependent world, they will need to develop a better understanding of how cultural differences influence the operations of inte...

• Word Count: 8160
• Approx Pages: 33
• Grade Level: High School

The superintendent general of Indian Affairs assured him that the Indian expenditures were a "good investment instead of being supported from the revenue of the country would contribute largely the same." ... Along with the isolated working conditions, and being under qualified, the teachers also had developed a way to keep the "children in line" where children could be deprived of food, confined or lectured. ...

• Word Count: 3568
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate