The Path to Reform: Third Party Constraints and the Barriers to Third Party Success - A Critical Review I. ... The Co-Option of Third Party Agendas .20-22 X. ... Are the structural barriers for third party candidates created by the two-party political system removable? ... According to ballot access expert Richard Winger, "The extreme disparity of the burdens placed on old, established parties versus new parties has no parallel in any other democratic nations in the world."" ... Riker said that Duverger's Law needs to be modified to exempt cases where a national ...

• Word Count: 5164
• Approx Pages: 21
• Has Bibliography

The single member plurality system (SMP), which Canada employs to fabricate a democratic election, can cause representatives to be elected without the majority of the popular vote. ... The party list system used to achieve PR relies on the voter to choose the party they wish to support as opposed to the actual candidate. ... The seats will be awarded to those at the top of the party list. ... An absence of this democratic right makes the Canadian government conducive to ineffectiveness. ... Party preferences seem to be divided across Canada. ...

• Word Count: 2609
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The question is though, how have the Front and its founding leader, Jean-Marie Le Pen, been able to penetrate into the mainstream politics of modern day democratic France? ... However, Le Pen was careful to distance himself traditional right-wing parties, and was also careful to steer the FN away from claims that they were a fascist party. As Alistair Cole explains: "From its inception the FN leader, Jean-Marie Le Pen, strove to demarcate the Front from earlier, especially violent manifestations of the extreme-right tradition."1 Indeed Cole refers to the ...

• Word Count: 2764
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

It is a cornerstone of our country's democratic system. ... Voter fraud is a real issue that is constantly an attack on our democratic system. ... Supreme Court upheld an Indiana law requiring a government-issued photo ID in order to cast a ballot(Political Parties & Elections, p.157-158). ...

• Word Count: 2524
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography

Most of these states seemed to be in a rush to enact voter ID laws before the 2012 election in which the democratic candidate, Barack Obama, the first person of color to hold office as president, could possibly be re-elected. ...

• Word Count: 2997
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate