However the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP) never clearly indicates that if it intends to loosen control for the potential reforms. ... Similarly, in the April 2 Incident in 1994, the protesting peasants were not really ideologically attacking the communist rule . ... Although as the minority of Chinese population, the intellectual group failed to win much concession from the current communist regime. ... Then CCP intentionally confounds the concepts of a culturally-defined nation and a politically-defined nation, to lead the people to believe that they actually have nationalistic sentime...

• Word Count: 1912
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

As well as his ideologies of false consciousness, his belief of capitalisms need for reform, inequality and exploitation of the working classes could be addressed and abolished, that society is not defined by that of natural rights, but defined by the nature of our class status. ... Alienation only makes the bourgeois become more powerful and through their ideology of false-consciousness they keep the workers from revolting by leading them to believe that the bourgeois in fact are good and only want the best for the workers. ... This, as well as other ideals, is detailed in The Co...

• Word Count: 1303
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography

Citizens were watched, spied on and were basically at the mercy of the high-ranking communist officials. ... First, Stalinism can be defined as "Communist Party rule, Marxist- Taylor 2 Leninist ideology, rampant bureaucracy, leader cults, state control over production and distribution police surveillance, terror- (Fitzpatrick, 1999, 3). ... The Communist party, among other things, demanded loyalty. ... Personally, I think Fitzpatrick did an excellent job of portraying the realities of the communist society and the hardships for Russians in the 1930s. ... The famine, the short...

• Word Count: 1652
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography

The Soviet was trying to spread its Communist idea while the Americans tried to prevent Communist from spreading. ... A group of mostly wealthy and democratic societies that led by the United States was engaged in a pervasive ideological, political, economic, and at times, military competition with a group that were the poorer communist societies associated with the led by the Soviet Union. ... In the post Cold War, the most important distinctions among peoples are not ideological, political, or economic, but they are cultural. ... People define themselves in terms of religion, language, hi...

• Word Count: 1527
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Background Marxism is a series of economical, social and political based ideologies that oppose capitalism. As defined by the communist slogan, "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs.... "5 Marx acquired the need for religion, but regarded religion as a subtle part to his ideologies. ... Taken by the government, the communists were behind this, as my father would always say. ... In the interview with my grandmother, she viewed the social conditions of this time period to be ridiculous and ironically unfair opposing Marx's actual ideology. ...

• Word Count: 2041
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Defining politics today has different meaning from 20th century. Littrë in his 1987 dictionary defined politics as the science of government of states'. Robert in 1962 defined it as the art and practice of government of human societies'. ... Success and failure of political ideology and ideological, material limitation of consumerism in democracy will be main element of my argument. ... This significant historical fact shows limits of ideology. ...

• Word Count: 2405
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Lenin first defined the economic organisation of 1918-20 as "war" communism. ... One is that it was an attempt to put communist ideology into practice, a view that originated in the nineteen twenties. ... The party's ideology was based on the ideas of Karl Marx. ... This last stage was called communism by Marx and the Bolsheviks began to call themselves communists after the civil war. ... It seems that they were desperate to create what could call a communist state. ...

• Word Count: 2081
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This phenomenon occurs because fascism, for as long as it has been known, is rightly considered an ideology of negatives. ... This makes it difficult to define what exactly is "pure" fascism. ... In the 1920s and 30s, liberal policies and institutions had failed, and fascism has only prospered politically in times of either economic crisis, or fear of communist take-over (or both). ... In the 1960s, fascism became to be seen as an ideology of traditional conservative values pushed to the extreme right (Segre, 2002). ... The last defining feature of fascism was the scapegoating of groups su...

• Word Count: 1719
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Many historians would argue that the Great Depression was solely responsible for the increasing support of the NSDAP and the defining factor for Hitler's success. ... Adolf Hitler and the NSDAP were essentially carried to complete power through their ideology and the promises they were offering to the German public, at a time when the people were desperate for someone who knew what they needed as a nation. ... Hitler, blaming it as a 'communist plot' saw for a Law for the Protection of the People and State to be necessary. Hindenburg passed this law, now banning any communist a...

• Word Count: 1292
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Terrorism in the Webster's New American Dictionary is defined as "the systematic use of intense fear as a means of intimidation." ... While the dictionaries definitions says that it is the use coercion to promote certain ideologies, some of the most cleverly hidden terrorism today is the terrorism used to suppress some ideologies or certain ethnic groups or societies. ... By defining terrorism thoroughly, we can begin to look at what terrorism is really about. ... Abdullah Ocalan, leader of the Kurdistan Workers" Party, said that "terrorism could be defined as committing of various violen...

• Word Count: 1506
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Nationalism is a sentiment, or as a movement, can be best defined in terms of this principle. ... Nationalism has always formed a part of the official discourse of the Chinese Communist Party. Stemmed from its ideology linked with the Communist International, it preferred for a long time the idea of "patriotism" (aiguozhuyi). ... As Tibet and Xinjiang, groups of extreme nationalisms people trying to gain independence has been regarded as a serious threat for the stability of China and the relationship with Taiwan, which involves liberation of the political ideology and political acti...

• Word Count: 1487
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

Anti-Western Islamic Fundamentalism Fundamentalism can de defined as a movement or attitude stressing strict and truthful loyalty to a set of basic principles. ... Washington can be blamed for orchestrating Islamic Fundamentalism, most of whose varieties allied under Wahhabite guidance- subsequently became the main ideological tool of the anti-communist and antinationalist struggle in the Islamic world, in alliance with Riyadh. ... Not only did it contribute directly to propagating Islamic Fundamentalism, but also by helping to defeat and crush the Left and progressive nationalism th...

• Word Count: 1586
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In this paper I plan to compare and contrast the ideologies behind the political and economic practice of Vladimir Ilich Lenin and Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin. ... Stalin altered the principle issue of worldwide Socialist revolution, a very important point regarding Lenin, to a more region defined idea of: "Socialism in One Country." ... In 1935 Stalin published A Short Course: The History of the All-Union Communist Party. ... The next section is an examination of these ideologies put into practice. ... War Communisms shelf life only lasted to the end of the civil war when Lenin went agai...

• Word Count: 1728
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Soon after WWII, Germany became divided into East and West, communist and capitalist, GDR and FRG. ... The Soviets brought the Communist Party in control and the French did not allow the formation of parties at all in their zone. ... In an excerpt in 1948 British foreign minister Ernest Bevin describes the relations between a flourishing Germany and a Europe being immune against the communist thread. ... In his speech, Truman is very concerned about the people in those countries losing their freedom if the communists take over. He also talks about consequences and how important these countrie...

• Word Count: 2360
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

But according to Rodney Guin, a high school history teacher, those within a Communistic system often worry about how they will feed their family tomorrow. ... In 1924, a coalition including Communists adopted Yat-sen's theory, based on the Three People's Principles developed by San Min Chu I. ... Yat-Sen died in 1925, and for a while, Kai-Shek followed his predecessor's policy of cooperating with the Chinese Communists. He even accepted Russian aid until 1927, when he reversed his beliefs, and so began the civil war between the Kuomintang and Communists. ... No wonder the Ku...

• Word Count: 1939
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography

Commodities are defined as an object outside of us, a thing that by its properties satisfies human wants of some sort or another (Miliband, R. 243). ... Marx defined value as "consumed labor time", and stated that "all goods, considered economically, are only the product of labor and cost nothing except labor"(Parekh, B. 386). ... Not long afterward, Communist Russia was attacked by Britain, America and France, who wanted to get rid of the communist government. ... This fear of Communist ruined the lives of many American's. ... My policy is to overcome the communists." ...

• Word Count: 2126
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

The acts of the CIA and the aid that was given to Pakistan did not create the hatred, it simply gave the spark needed to set fire to the integral beliefs of Muslim ideology. ... America feared the Communist movement and wanted to stop its infiltration into Pakistan by leveraging the locals and giving them everything and anything they need to resist Russia. The United States didn't put enough thought into their actions and used powerful words to define the anti-communist movement that would have severe blow back. ... In order to defeat the communists, the United States decided to obtain a...

• Word Count: 2152
• Approx Pages: 9

The struggle to lead China has caused the country to undergo mass socio-economic changes on more than one occasion, from the fall of imperialism in 1911 to the rise of the Nationalists and Communists. ... Evidently, these ideologies remained enduring features of Mao's thought well into the Cultural Revolution. ... As a Marxist, Mao believed in Karl Marx's theories published in The Communist Manifesto (1848), and from the beginning of Mao's dictatorship in 1921, Chinese Communist Party (CCP) officials applied Mao's theories that people's lives should be controlled by t...

• Word Count: 2036
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

For the officially defined period of forty five years the US and the USSR have been in the state of war; however no direct confrontations ever emerged between them on either territory. Each state had its ideological mission, its networks of alliances and third war clients, and its deadly arsenal of nuclear weapons. ... The most popular view on the origins of the Cold War would be considered to lay in the policies of the World War II, others would say that the mistrust between the two started with the Bolshevik revolution in Russia and communists gaining power. ... Two superpowers with a compl...

• Word Count: 1778
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Firstly, the nation of Canada' must be defined. ... Secondly the word Independent' must be defined, Webster's 10th Collegiate Dictionary defines it as: Not governed by a foreign power; self-governing. ... Finally and most importantly Foreign policy must be defined. ... The second case study which will be examined is Canada's relationship with both communist and capitalist countries during the Cold War. ... Canada also maintained a strong relationship with China while under communist rule. ...

• Word Count: 1888
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

What manifested was an unprecedented conflict of ideological misunderstandings, broken promises, suspicions, and changing players (i.e. deaths of US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin). ... They pointed to evidence of the Soviets objective to support and set up governments in Eastern European countries that reflected not only their communist views, but also the Soviet way of running those governments through a " return to doctrinal belligerence by Russian leaders. ... The central theme in much of traditionalist historiography was an ideological one: the United States, confr...

• Word Count: 1800
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

According to Marx a class is defined by the relations of its members to the means of production. ... Evidence is analyzed and interpreted just to validate the ideology instead of establishing the best story of the past. That is seen in much communist countries like Russia and the eastern European countries. ... He saw ideology as a product of economic interests. ... Beard focused so much on countering Ranke and his theory that he did not really define what the philosophical side of historiography was. ...

• Word Count: 1717
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Weber Karl Marx and Max Weber, both social scientists, devoted much of their work to the defining of capitalism through understanding its creation, causes, workings, and destiny. ... He believed that each phase of history was defined by and ultimately driven by the dominate mode of production of the time. ... This revolution is caused by the dramatic consolidation of wealth by the bourgeoisie, which causes the exploitation of the working class. " A forcible overthrow of all existing social conditions" will take place and a new Communist state will be instated (Marx, 500). The main principle ...

• Word Count: 1287
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Lenin's death in 1924 gave way to a fierce struggle for power developed among the members of the Politburo (the ruling body of the Communist Party which decided its policies) who had to choose which of them should take his place. The main contestants for the leadership in this crisis were Stalin and Trotsky who developed an ideological and political clash that was about to change the direction of the Russian history. ... Trotsky and Stalin also had different ideologies. ... Party members seemed to prefer Stalin's ideology. ... As a result of Stalin's propaganda Trotskyism was...

• Word Count: 1922
• Approx Pages: 8

The Ministry's objective was to ensure that the Nazi ideology was successfully communicated through art, music, theatre, films, books, radio, educational materials, and the press. ... This propagandist documentary would be a defining platform for future documentaries being made for the sole purpose of total persuasion of an audience. ... They were taught to emphasise on external 'enemies' such as the Jews and communists, to believe in the science of eugenics to create the ideal 'perfect' race, to live up to German physical ideals and to take pride of the German race....

• Word Count: 1873
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Graduate