Ideological struggle between Capitalism and Communism was a definitive fact that stimulated rivalry: the USSR wanted to shape the future and reconstruction of the East in relation to the communist ideology; while the USA wanted post-WWII world scenario to be shaped by capitalist ideas. ... Secretary of State), define the Cold War as a battle between the superpowers for supremacy in ways of thinking. ... Historian André Fontaine, moreover, sees the starting point of the war in 1917 with the Bolshevik Revolution, and suggests that it was mainly due to the aggressive policies of the USSR i...

• Word Count: 990
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Party structures of Communist party state are defined by Design Features: Chinese political system borrowed organizational design from Soviet Union by Lenin political legitimacy. ... The description of Communist party leadership is set forth in the constitution. ... Communist Party Leadership: the Communist Party exercises direct leadership over government and legislative functions in a variety of ways. ... First, membership in the Communist Party is coming from the elite status. ... Rule by Law: the principle of "rule of law" is the protection of individual rights by limitation on a...

• Word Count: 1215
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Citizens were watched, spied on and were basically at the mercy of the high-ranking communist officials. ... First, Stalinism can be defined as "Communist Party rule, Marxist- Taylor 2 Leninist ideology, rampant bureaucracy, leader cults, state control over production and distribution police surveillance, terror- (Fitzpatrick, 1999, 3). ... The Communist party, among other things, demanded loyalty. ... Personally, I think Fitzpatrick did an excellent job of portraying the realities of the communist society and the hardships for Russians in the 1930s. ... The famine, the short...

• Word Count: 1652
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography

The Soviet was trying to spread its Communist idea while the Americans tried to prevent Communist from spreading. ... A group of mostly wealthy and democratic societies that led by the United States was engaged in a pervasive ideological, political, economic, and at times, military competition with a group that were the poorer communist societies associated with the led by the Soviet Union. ... In the post Cold War, the most important distinctions among peoples are not ideological, political, or economic, but they are cultural. ... People define themselves in terms of religion, language, hi...

• Word Count: 1527
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Lenin first defined the economic organisation of 1918-20 as "war" communism. ... One is that it was an attempt to put communist ideology into practice, a view that originated in the nineteen twenties. ... The party's ideology was based on the ideas of Karl Marx. ... This last stage was called communism by Marx and the Bolsheviks began to call themselves communists after the civil war. ... It seems that they were desperate to create what could call a communist state. ...

• Word Count: 2081
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

They fought to repress Hitler's ideology, preserving their own ideas of democracy, capitalism, and equality for all. ... Both were extremely powerful, but the two of them had major ideological differences, which is a recipe for disaster. The USA was a capitalist democracy, and had the support of other capitalists democracies, mainly in Western Europe, and the USSR was a communist dictatorship, supported by other communist states in Eastern Europe and Asia. Once again, the world was forced to take sides, and although there was no real direct conflict between the two major players in this w...

• Word Count: 1089
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

These political reforms eventually led to the liberalization in the Soviet Union thus limiting the far-reaching role of the communist party. ... For example, it would be incorrect to label the Chinese economy as entirely communist because it is clear that it is opening up to the West. Hence the modern approach defines economic systems in terms of organizational features, which basically refers to the system of communication within groups. ... It is essential that I define these four characteristics before analyzing their impacts on economic outcomes. ... A continuum can be created fo...

• Word Count: 4711
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

However, the formation of the "New Soviet" figure was not simple ideology. ... Although they represent heroic communist figures, Gleb and Dasha Chumalov, are not simply mouthpieces of the communist ideology; they are realistic and represent the truthful inner conflict a typical Soviet citizen was experiencing at the time. ... Furthermore, he has the motivation and the right ideology to inspire others. ... Alongside the image of a strong, communist worker is that of a typical husband desiring the comforting love of his wife. ... The result is that her hardened exterior and newfound de...

• Word Count: 3036
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In this paper I plan to compare and contrast the ideologies behind the political and economic practice of Vladimir Ilich Lenin and Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin. ... Stalin altered the principle issue of worldwide Socialist revolution, a very important point regarding Lenin, to a more region defined idea of: "Socialism in One Country." ... In 1935 Stalin published A Short Course: The History of the All-Union Communist Party. ... The next section is an examination of these ideologies put into practice. ... War Communisms shelf life only lasted to the end of the civil war when Lenin went agai...

• Word Count: 1728
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Cold War is a difficult term to define. ... The Bolsheviks (later communists), led by Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the existing Russian government. ... The century would be left to witness the rivalry between these opposing ideologies: Lenin's state communism and Wilson's liberal, free enterprise capitalism. ... These communist countries became satellites of Russia, nothing more than provinces of Russia. ... It showed that the communist Russia, the worlds only other proper superpower, were rivals to the US. ...

• Word Count: 3123
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

Christiana Lodder confirms in Art of the Soviets this revolutionary step in including art as a major collation within the government when she explains "Lenin's Plan For Monumental Propaganda [is] immensely important because for the first time art was directly harnessed to the service of the state and its ideology" (16). As a result of Lenin's Plan, historians can note a revolutionary idea, prophesized through Marxism ideology, conceded and carried out. ... His plan embraced the arts and drew up concrete foundational concepts to propagandize new communist ideology and implement it...

• Word Count: 4641
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Soon after WWII, Germany became divided into East and West, communist and capitalist, GDR and FRG. ... The Soviets brought the Communist Party in control and the French did not allow the formation of parties at all in their zone. ... In an excerpt in 1948 British foreign minister Ernest Bevin describes the relations between a flourishing Germany and a Europe being immune against the communist thread. ... In his speech, Truman is very concerned about the people in those countries losing their freedom if the communists take over. He also talks about consequences and how important these countrie...

• Word Count: 2360
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

For the officially defined period of forty five years the US and the USSR have been in the state of war; however no direct confrontations ever emerged between them on either territory. Each state had its ideological mission, its networks of alliances and third war clients, and its deadly arsenal of nuclear weapons. ... The most popular view on the origins of the Cold War would be considered to lay in the policies of the World War II, others would say that the mistrust between the two started with the Bolshevik revolution in Russia and communists gaining power. ... Two superpowers with a compl...

• Word Count: 1778
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Orwell intended to criticize the communist regime he saw sweeping through Russia and spreading to Europe and even the United States. Though he agreed with many Marxist values, Orwell couldn't really accept the communist understanding of socialism because he saw many similarities between the communist governments and the previous tzarist regimes in old Russia. ... In Animal farm Orwell uses his symbolic farm to represent the communist system. ... As a comparable to Leon Trotsky, Snowball starts as a enthusiastic advocator of ideology, who put every ounce of his heart and soul into the at...

• Word Count: 1014
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

What manifested was an unprecedented conflict of ideological misunderstandings, broken promises, suspicions, and changing players (i.e. deaths of US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin). ... They pointed to evidence of the Soviets objective to support and set up governments in Eastern European countries that reflected not only their communist views, but also the Soviet way of running those governments through a " return to doctrinal belligerence by Russian leaders. ... The central theme in much of traditionalist historiography was an ideological one: the United States, confr...

• Word Count: 1800
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Lenin's death in 1924 gave way to a fierce struggle for power developed among the members of the Politburo (the ruling body of the Communist Party which decided its policies) who had to choose which of them should take his place. The main contestants for the leadership in this crisis were Stalin and Trotsky who developed an ideological and political clash that was about to change the direction of the Russian history. ... Trotsky and Stalin also had different ideologies. ... Party members seemed to prefer Stalin's ideology. ... As a result of Stalin's propaganda Trotskyism was...

• Word Count: 1922
• Approx Pages: 8

Introduction The fall of the Communist regime in the Soviet Union was more than a political event. ... The penetration of the Communist regime into every facet of life left the Russian people with little democratic traditions. ... Later in his article, he writes "those that have not yet resolved the dilemma of defining their national and territorial boundaries are unlikely to make much more progress in other domains- (Smitter 73). ...

• Word Count: 4108
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography

Consequently, this subject was dropped in favour of studying the history of the Chinese Communist Party, as it was an area which I was keen to learn about, overlapped in many places with Soviet history and had a relatively large amount of data published about it. ... Events casting the Cultural Revolution in a negative light include the influence of the Chinese Communist Party, the rise of Occidentalism, availability of new evidence and the death of Lin Biao. ... While most historians were analysed according to their general and individual perspectives at the time of writing, others were sim...

• Word Count: 4647
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

"3 My first task was to define exceptionalism. ... As James Ceaser states "It is probably a truism of political speech that if one has trouble defining immediately what a term means, someone else is using it a different way.... I shall then move onto the Cold War itself, identifying the use of exceptionalism in three key areas; warfare (with specific focus on the Korean War), an ideological persuasion of weak nations (particularly the vulnerable west Germany) and finally in political negotiation and discourse between Khrushchev and Eisenhower. ... Contained within this unique do...

• Word Count: 4596
• Approx Pages: 18

But none so them could define the exact meaning. ... But in this way, the society isn't prepared for the socialism, especially the economy basic and the ideology. ... Take the USSR for example, the Communist Party obtained their strength and power by the revolutionary path, subverting the political, social, and other orders in the old era. ...

• Word Count: 992
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

Russia is contradictive; Russian soul cannot be defined by any doctrines. ... Every party of duma is going for maximum of its ideology, without thinking about co-operation and compromise. Communists rush to their extreme and likewise do the fascists. ...

• Word Count: 1035
• Approx Pages: 4

Power can be defined as the right to exert control over a certain group of people or objects (Merriam-Webster, 2014). ... Hard power can be defined as a nation's ability to use military force or economic incentives in order to influence the choices and behaviours of other nations (public diplomacy, 2013). ... Soft power was defined as the capability to get what is in the nation's best interest through the means of attraction rather than intimidation (Nye, 2004). ... Hitler began to invade European nations in hopes of spreading the Nazism ideology. ... In 1946, the United Kingdom had ...

• Word Count: 2019
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The definition of a cold war is an 'intense economic, political, military, and ideological rivalry between nations, short of military conflict,' (Dictionary.com, 2014), and in this context the nations were the Soviet Union and the USA. The Vietnam War was a result of the Cold War between the two countries and is defined as 'a conflict, starting in 1954 and ending in 1975, between South Vietnam (later aided by the US, South Korea, Australia, the Philippines, Thailand and New Zealand) and the Vietcong and North Vietnam' (Dictionary.com, 2014). ... So even though the Tet Off...

• Word Count: 1513
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography

Background and During the Cooling of Relations The Second World War drastically changed the political map of the world, and especially the European continent. The basic premises of the new alignment of the world developed in the final stages of the war. The anti-Hitler coalition, the main role whic...

• Word Count: 4151
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Mongolia was an economic colony of the Soviet Union until early in the 20th century. Consequently between 1921 and 1990 it had an economic system which reflected the Soviet's control : it had a centralized, socialist political system and an economy based on central planning and collectivization. Under the umbrella of the Soviet Union Mongolia had made significant progress in improving the general living standards of the population, specifically in the areas of education and public health (Tsogtsaikhan: 2003:1). The collapse of the Soviet Union in 1989 resulted in Mongolia shifting dra...

• Word Count: 2388
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate