The organization of crime, trafficking of alcohol, extortion, bribery, assault, and murder were examples of the types of crimes committed during America's Prohibition Era. ... Based on the seizures and average yield per plant, the current annual production is estimated to be about 800 tones (Statistics Canada, 2004). ... THE EXTENT OF CRIME In the present, the marijuana industry is linked to organized crime, money laundering, home invasion, extortion, assault, and murder. ... CAUSES OF CRIME Crime is considered a form of deviance from one perspective ( Sacco and Kennedy, 2002). ... ...

• Word Count: 2766
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

There are numerous programs that focus on law enforcement, crime, and crime scene investigators. ... In every show, crimes are solved rather quickly. ... This leaves one with the feeling that there is always evidence left at a crime scene and once collected, the perpetrator of the crime will be caught directly. ... The show glamorizes the crime scene investigator; giving the appearance that being a crime scene investigator is thrilling and fast paced. ... Movies as well as court dramas on television show that dangerous criminal routinely have their case thrown out of court or not even make i...

• Word Count: 3151
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

INTRODUCTION "Global computer-based communications cut across territorial borders, creating a new realm of human activity and undermining the feasibility "and legitimacy "of applying laws based on geographic boundaries."" ... Internet crime is not only an issue of the present. ... Crime on the Net is expanding. There is now a wide range of crimes that occur in cyberspace. ... There are no territorially based boundaries on the Net. ...

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Throughout the history of civilisation the enduring problem of crime has bought with it huge social and economic problems. In order for a psychologist to understand the root causes of criminal behaviour it is necessary to investigate the definition of a crime. ... A society's legal system is based on this premise, and therefore a violation of acceptable conduct is a violation of the laws of that society. ... Information from the British National Survey suggested that rather than being larger than average, delinquents who commit serious crimes were in fact, smaller. ... An altogether ...

• Word Count: 2818
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The link between drug use and crime is not a new one and numerous studies show that drugs use directly relates to crime in multiple ways. ... A report by the Drug Policy Alliance (DPA) asserts, "[e]ntanglement of law enforcement with treatment can come at a high price: the sacrifice of confidentiality between patient and caregiver; the diversion of funding from voluntary and community-based treatment into coerced treatment programs, often behind bars; and the de facto criminalization of relapse, which is recognized as a standard occurrence for most individuals struggling with substance abuse-...

• Word Count: 2815
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In "Social Structure and Anomie" (1938), Merton opens the article by challenging some biologically based theories that were relatively popular at the time. These theories viewed crime as a result of biological traits, while Merton instead argued crime derives from societal conditions. ... Merton's anomie theory, eventually, drew attention and caused other theorists to draw on his theory of crime. ... Corporate crimes, falsifying IRS forms, or drug dealers would be examples of innovators. ...

• Word Count: 3988
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Before we even knew what was happening, the Internet has become a crime tool, and this enabled people to coin the term "cyber-crime". Cyber-crime is defined as crimes that are being committed within cyber-space. ... A hacker is a person with supreme knowledge and expertise in computers, but due to unlawful acts that have been committed or cyber-crimes, the term hacker has evolved from "computer expert" to a typical cyber-criminal. ...

• Word Count: 3531
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The past century has been one of sensational crimes that have amazed many Americans. ... How can one decide what crimes are the greatest crimes of the century? What sets these crimes apart from all the others? ... In order for a crime to be considered one of the great crimes of the century, the incident should cause a large public out cry. ... The Oklahoma City bombing could be seen as a crime of accommodation. ...

• Word Count: 4508
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

All the gun control laws are not about preventing crime. Law abiding citizens who are armed will prevent crime. ... They do not stop crime while it is happening. Armed citizens can stop the crime before it ever even happens. ... Predominantly guns of crime are used by gang members. ...

• Word Count: 5482
• Approx Pages: 22
• Grade Level: High School

The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) periodically conducts Crime and Safety Surveys which provide information on both reported and unreported crimes as well as socioeconomic characteristics of the victims. ... Although crime victim surveys produce more accurate estimates of incidence and prevalence rates than police statistics, and confirm that many offences are not reported to police, they too are acknowledged to underestimate violent crimes of an intimate nature, particularly sexual assault, domestic violence and child abuse (Grabosky 1989; National Committee on Violence 1990). ... Vi...

• Word Count: 3415
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Throughout the 70s, 80s and 90s CSOs expanded and refined and whole plethora of community-based penalties were developed. ... It should also be noted that crime rates fell by 43% between 1997 and 2010 with violent crimes falling by 42% whilst under the new government (www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk). ... These models that are based on moral philosophies that when applied, link a desired outcome to the punishment. ... But does prison really prevent further crime? ... This is based on the assumption that offenders' that fear of punishment will refrain them from criminal behaviour (Davies et...

• Word Count: 3653
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A case that is subject to waiver is filed originally in juvenile court but may be transferred with a judge's approval, based on articulated standards, following a formal hearing. " [Off11] This type of waiver relies mainly on the judge presiding over the case and must meet certain criteria. ... "An increasing number [of states] exclude by statute certain serious or violent crimes from juvenile court jurisdiction, providing the offender meets a minimum age requirement. ... Although waiver standards and evidentiary factors vary from state to state, most take into account both the nature of ...

• Word Count: 3373
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Although in the past, the number of crimes that were subjected to capital punishment, defined simply as the death penalty for a crime, were outrageous. ... That resulted in the narrowing down of the list of one hundred crimes to twelve, punishable by the death penalty in 1833, and in 1869 it was cut down yet again to just three: treason, rape, and murder because of violent nature of these crimes. ... Other practices included disparate questioning of potential jurors based on race, and a training memo instructing prosecutors on ways to skew juries based on race." (www.aclu.org pg 1) This cas...

• Word Count: 2831
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Instead criticism and analysis must be based upon what is best for the Black community in this country. From this perspective it becomes clear that although race-based jury nullification has many attractive features, it must be modified to be truly beneficial. ... In any policy discussion, formulation of a plausible and effective solution clearly must be based upon the nature of the problem. ... It also found that of all federal death row inmates, 67 percent are Black.11 Despite the fact that these statistics are startling and important, they are insufficient to justify race-based jury nullifi...

• Word Count: 3584
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Forensics is defined as the application of science to interpret clues for crime investigation. ... The purpose of crime scene investigation is to help establish what happened (crime scene reconstruction) and to identify the responsible person. ... One should not leap into conclusions as to what happened based on what little information he has with him or her, but generate several theories of the crime, keeping the ones that have not been crossed out by incoming information at the scene. ... It is also important to determine the full extent of a crime scene. ... The investigation of the crime i...

• Word Count: 4359
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

A war crime, using the definition adopted since World War II can fall into any of three categories: crimes against peace involving initiation of war; war crimes including murder, torture, or deportation of civilian populations and crimes against humanity including political, racial, or religious persecution against any civilian population, either before or after a war, also including genocide (Encyclopedia Britannica Online). ... Since there was no clear cut formula for meting out justice to the offending nation, the Allied powers, in 1945, drew up a format based on American and European court...

• Word Count: 2850
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

One of the very first influences came when the Federal Bureau of Investigations began a yearly report on all the crime or reported crime in the nation (Sutherland, 1924). ... Crimes such as these had no biological influence, but happened to be a product of their environmental status (Sutherland, 1924). These individuals made their decisions based on their values, situations, and opportunities (Sutherland, 1924). Two major additional events took place that greatly altered and influenced the way Sutherland viewed the causation of crime. ... The first is that human beings interactions are based...

• Word Count: 5291
• Approx Pages: 21
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Nixon was looking for a way to decrease crime in the Washington D.C. area. ... Carter's drug policies were based on a doctrine developed in Europe that stated that the government would never stop drug use, so they should work on preventing the harm of usage. ... A small percentage of all drug crimes do get caught, so fear of the law is small. ... Racial profiling is based on the premise that minorities commit most drug offenses. ... This results in the persecution of innocent people based on skin color. ...

• Word Count: 5296
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• Grade Level: High School

This exposure would provide the information that he would base his research on in the latter part of his career. ... This research was based much information and on many factors, from epilepsy to the circumference of the brain. ... However these traits in the modern world would drive these same people to commit crimes. ... During the same time Lombroso was working on his atavistic theory, psychology and psychiatry were demonstrating the relationship between crime epilepsy, and crime and insanity. ... Lombroso did not disagree with the classical school that most crime could be explained thro...

• Word Count: 2697
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

As the common-law evolves and changes we gain deeper understandings of crime, the motivation of crime, and rehabilitation of criminals. ... CRIMINAL LAW AND SENTENCING A general definition of crime is very easy to obtain and understand. The Canadian Oxford Dictionary defines a crime as, "an offence punishable by law illegal acts as a whole... " , and criminal as "a person who has committed crime or crimes." ... Traditional approaches to sentencing are based on theories like deterrence, retribution, denunciation, incapacitation, and rehabilitation. ...

• Word Count: 4107
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Deterrence Leslie Cantu: Fear of death deters people from committing crimes, proponents say. ... The idea is that the death penalty does not deter crime. ... Opponents of the death penalty will argue that although it is said to exist as a crime deterrent, in reality it has no effect on crime at all. ... These individuals fall into the "crimes of passion" category. ... Many advocates of capital punishment base their opinions on his results, but what many of them do not know is that no one else besides Ehrlich has come up with the same results (Blumstein, 358). ...

• Word Count: 4694
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• Grade Level: High School

These acts of crime are quite high. ... Belief Driven/Violent Assault Crimes. ... Crimes within the Belief Driven/Violent Assault Context share several attributes: They are usually characterized by extreme violence and tend to be based on a "hypermasculine" concept of what it means to be a "man on the streets." ... Two crime types within this context are vigilante and honor crimes. Subcategories of honor crimes include self-preservation and gang crimes. ...

• Word Count: 2668
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

However, not one person was charged with a crime or found to have terrorist connections (Strossen 2). ... The profile was based on the conjecture of a psychologist, not an eyewitness testimony. ... While officials interrogated Arab American suspects, Timothy McVeigh drove away from the crime scene (Davis 1). ... The Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment "prohibits selective enforcement of the law based on considerations such as race (MacDonald 113)."" ... In addition to detaining people based on their race or nationality, the government is also using these criteria as the pri...

• Word Count: 3209
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All transactions are cash based, and thus the funds must somehow be integrated into the formal economy, or through money laundering in order to conceal all transactions. ... The illicit business can be seen as a class-based issue, where the core countries benefit from illegal criminal acts, yet the periphery are at a risk of failure. ... Organized crimes choose their routes in regards to effectiveness. ... According to James Mittleman in Global Organized Crime, where poverty is severe, criminal gangs flourish. ... He further argues; transnational organized crime groups are both a political com...

• Word Count: 3255
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Some would say that media should print and broadcast the name because it alerts people of the crime and brings truth. ... Within these cases each have been tried in different types of courts, some based on criminal suits, some based on criminal statutes and some on common law. ... "The right to privacy is just a right, a right based not on constitutional guarantees,""(Gates Jr. 2000). ... The public is interested in matters of social issues such as: crime, drug use and political candidates. ... Florida's law stipulates: "794.026 Civil right of action for communicating the identity o...

• Word Count: 2849
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School