To understand the nature of crime and criminality as it exists today one must understand the context of the history of colonialism and how it relates to both past and present crime. ... Criminality is defined in an American journal article related to crime and criminality as 'The behavioural definition of crime focuses on, criminality, a certain personality profile that causes the most alarming sorts of crimes. ... This defines criminality as the behaviour associated with a crime and the crime is the by-product of that behaviour. ... As is evident in frequent referencing of Indigenous Au...

• Word Count: 2489
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Justice, however is the actual law that is carried out for the crime. ... This Code, was based on social orders and classes. ... The penalties were based on the person doing the crime and the person to whom the crime was done unto. Meaning, if the crime was done by a free person to a person not only not free but of a lower class, then the punishment was less strict, as well as if the crime was committed by a slave to another slave, the crime was practically dismissed . ... The death penalty was freely awarded for theft and other crimes. ...

• Word Count: 1362
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Plea bargaining is that bushel basket of practices whereby a prosecutor agrees to: charge a crime or crimes less seriously than the facts warrant. ... It encourages crime and demoralizes victims and society. ... Yet, on a per-serious-crime basis, we only imprison criminals at two- thirds the rate we did in 1960. ... The cost of crime, in tears as well as dollars, is infinitely greater. ... The expediency based practice of plea bargaining has done precisely that. ...

• Word Count: 1290
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• Has Bibliography

My knowledge about the world has always been based on how the United States functions and the rights that are given to everyone and that's including me, a woman. ... Crimes against women include abuse, slavery, false imprisonment, murder and rape. ... These crimes are called femicide or "honour" crimes. ... (wclac.org) Gender discrimination is also inherent in relevant criminal legislation, whereby the crimes of rape, indecent assaults, and incest fall under the category of "crimes against public morals and ethics", and not under "crimes against individuals". ... This article explains tha...

• Word Count: 1673
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Another way that conflict can contribute to the courts is the way that case laws can be developed based on the outcome of other court cases. ... Conflict leads to the court and court rulings have the ability to lead to a law that is created based off the ruling of the court when the law is interpreted (Baum, 2012, pg. 2). ... Conflict once again contributes to modern courts because it gives the ability to create laws based off of court rulings. ... This law was enacted in response to soaring crime rates during the mid 1980's and early 1990's (Walsh, 2007, pg.1). This affected the c...

• Word Count: 1661
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Focus is no longer on who is most affected by a crime, instead it is put on the state and victim satisfaction with the outcome is ignored. ... First, there is the actual crime inflicted upon them. ... Christie may provide the answer by challenging government and the judicial system to seek punishments that actually fit the crime, rather than our one-size-fits all approach that treats crime equally. The consensus view of law holds that crimes are unacceptable to all elements of society. ... In our system the punishment does not always fit the crime and many individuals lives are subsequently r...

• Word Count: 1599
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

America being a country which started with thirteen charter governments, based off of customs from Great Britain, and it was hard to make laws. ... So why would they let someone go who they thought committed the crime? ... The first step of the process is when a crime is thought to be committed. ... Once ruled not guilty, a person cannot be re-tried for the same crime. ... This is where those convicted serve their sentences for the crime they have committed. ...

• Word Count: 1655
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

This finding is based on the fact that the majority of the defendants that enter the courtroom wouldn't have the knowledge of court processes or the skills required to defend themselves effectively. ... An example of this is when an accomplice of the accused tells the court that the instigator and leader (of the crime) is the defendant of that trial. ... As it is the police who are the investigators of these crimes it is their duty to make sure that all evidence is obtained legally and within the guidelines of the laws of evidence. ... He confesses to the crime and is charged with murder....

• Word Count: 2068
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

"Suicide is not a crime in Canada and hasn't been since 1972, but physician-assisted suicide is illegal" which is, in my opinion, quite wrong. ... I've had several conversations with diverse individuals on this matter and based some of my opinions and point of view on such information. In class, I have learned quite a lot on the Canadian Criminal Justice System whether it be on legislations, laws, events or issues that reflect it's flaws as well as it's effectiveness in preventing crime. ... The Canadian Criminal Justice System works well to prevent crime but it c...

• Word Count: 1255
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

A system of international criminal justice is finally within reach because crimes against humanity have become the exception rather than the norm. ... The participants had to deliberate and agree upon a bewildering array of fundamental issues ranging from the powers of the Security Council in relation to the ICC, preconditions to the exercise of ICC jurisdiction, mechanisms for triggering investigations and prosecutions, and the interrelationship between the ICC and national courts, not to mention the list and definition of international crimes, the principles of attributing liability and def...

• Word Count: 1487
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Graduate

During this time, organized crime was born out of the need to have a unified chain of alcohol manufacturers and smugglers. ... In 1934, the National Firearms Act was passed in response to the massive amounts of weapons that organized crime used during prohibition. ... The main goals of the ATF are containment and prevention of crimes by enforcing rules and regulation, and by working with communities all across the country. ... In the tobacco industry, agents are responsible for qualifying applicants for manufacturing and exporting permits and for investigating illegal trafficking of cigaret...

• Word Count: 1258
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The police were frantic and, from letters left at the different crime scenes, the press eventually dubbed him, Son of Sam. ?... A law was passed that permitted the state to seize and hold for five years any money earned by an individual from the sale of his or her story of crime (Pember, p. 113). The money was then set aside to compensate the victim or victim's family of the crimes perpetrated by the felon. ... law was a content-based regulation that violated the First Amendment (Pember, p. 113). ... And while the people who commit these crimes are monsters in our minds, our hearts will...

• Word Count: 1561
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

"Some would argue that legalizing drugs would lead to substantial reductions in drug costs and a corresponding reduction in drug-related crime" (Inciardi/McElrath, 287). If drugs were legalized, all drug-related crimes would end. "The police prosecutors, and courts would focus their resources on combating the types of crimes that people cannot walk away from" (Inciardi/McElrath, 295). The police could focus on more important crimes. ... "Government corruption and intimidation by traffickers as well as drug-based foreign policies would be effectively reduced, if not eliminated entirely" (Inc...

• Word Count: 1656
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

Some people think there might actually be less crime in the United States if the government wasn't so easy on criminal cases. ... When the defendant waives his right he is also admitting that he is guilty of the crime he committed. ... Plea bargains leave no real uniformity giving some people a lesser punishment than others who committed the same crime. ... If we had set standards then there might be fewer people committing crimes for fear of the court. ... Based upon the statue that bribing a witness for his or her testimony is illegal, giving the defendant a lesser charge for turning ...

• Word Count: 1900
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Statutory provisions in every state and territory- except Western Australia and now the Australian Capital Territory - make it a crime to unlawfully administer any poison or noxious thing, any other instrument or other means with intent to procure miscarriage. The wording of these statutory provisions is based directly on legislation enacted in England in the nineteenth century: Sections 58 and 59 of the Offences Against the Person Act 1861. The crime of "unlawful abortion" may be committed by the pregnant woman herself, by the person performing the abortion, or by anyone who assists. ... In...

• Word Count: 1872
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Physician-assisted suicide is generally recognized as illegal under the parameters of homicide, however it is very difficult to meet all of the elements of the crime and conviction subsequently becomes nearly impossible. ... At the time of the appellate courts hearing of the Campbell appeal, there was no other codified law expressing what crime an assisted suicide would fall under and the homicide charges were dismissed. ... Persons who are for active euthanasia believe that legislation against it is violative of the fundamental concepts of liberty, freedom of choice, and self-determination Th...

• Word Count: 1550
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The separation based on ethnicity is ultimately a provoking factor that lead to the violence that escalated in Rwanda between the Hutus and the Tutsis, where the Tutsis were favored incredibly. ... He helped to incite and provoke the ethnicity based violence, promoting Hutu extremism until it eventually escalated into the 1994 Rwandan Genocide, where 800,000 Rwandans were slaughtered between April and July that year. ... It is based on three pillars of Belgian Civil Law, Traditional Law (in the Gacaca Courts) and is attempting to move towards common law in an attempt to modernize. ... These ...

• Word Count: 1492
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Today, based on the Professor Dicy's definition, we explain the rule of law in four aspects. ... This person's parents required the police to give them the evidence about what crime their son have ever committed, and clear reason for their son's death. ... Ideally, everybody is equal before the law, that means the law must apply to everyone and the application of law to the sme meterial facts must give rise to the same answer in every case.( Hubbard, Thomas and Varnham p35) Theorically, if the prisident in China committed the some crime with a common citizen, the prisiden...

• Word Count: 1652
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

They have to punish the convicted, made an example of them to others, ensure they will not commit any more crimes whilst satisfying the community and protecting the community and victims from the offender. ... (The Australian, 2002) Many of these problems and more are however only based on media stereotypes and could be rectified. ... Wockner, C. 2002, When A Judge Hands Down A Penalty That Doesn't Fit The Crime, The Daily Telegraph, 13 may. 4. ...

• Word Count: 1268
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

These are primarily based on the basic principles that natural equality when combined with legitimate authority will lead people and their property, out of a state of nature and into a better, stronger, and more stable society. ... Justice of this type is defined as punishing the crime for the prevention of similar crime, which is stated to be the right of all persons, and reparation which is solely the right of the injured. ...

• Word Count: 2343
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Daviault) The majority also agreed that substitution of voluntary act of becoming intoxicated with the voluntary action involved in sexual assault as the mens rea for the crime also violated Daviaults section 7 rights. ... Daviault) Therefore based on expert witness that testified, the majority judges decided to acquittal Daviault of the sexual assault charges, because he was heavily intoxicated similar automatism. ... Also, the judicial branch made a decision based on an unreliable expert witness who put the rights and freedoms of many individuals at risk. ... The couple challenged this law ...

• Word Count: 1534
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography

In Moses time all crimes were against God law, and most offenses against the law required the penalty of death. ... Moses" law was based on the Bible; all laws were decided by society based on the books of the Bible with the penalties carried out accordingly. While Hammurabi was considered a just king, his laws were largely based on his will and a caste system. ... In Moses time the laws were established by God, but society was allowed to decide much of the penalties and laws were not established based on a caste system. ...

• Word Count: 1488
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• Grade Level: High School

Some of the relating issues involved here are, whether it is unconstitutional for legislation to completely ban the research on cloning, how this technological change creates a challenge to the courts and legal system, and the cloning laws already in effect at the state level Is freedom of life a crime? ... Since there is very little precedent in this area of law, the limited case law that already exists would suggest that a challenge based on the right to procreative liberty would probably fail. ... In most states, specific exceptions are provided for the purpose of scientific research ...

• Word Count: 1431
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According to Socrates, although he did not agree with it, the judicial system of his city had tried and convicted him of a crime and he is obligated to accept their ruling. ... The desire to change a law is based upon moral principles, and by acting upon these principles, people can potentially affect their society positively. ... Convinced that harming another person was never appropriate, the signers of the Declaration of Conscience acted based on their morals. ...

• Word Count: 1527
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Inmates have the right to be free from sexual crimes, including sexual harassment. ... The Eighth Amendment has been the topic of much controversy mostly concerning the death penalty, but it also covers the treatment of those convicted of crimes. It is thought that the Eighth Amendment was written to eliminate torture which had been used in dealing with those convicted of crimes. ...

• Word Count: 2215
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate