Détente was that bold policy. ... One such dissenter, Phil Williams, an analyst with the Royal Institute of International Affairs explained in 1985: By opting out of the arms race and placing, or misplacing, its faith in the arms control process, it is argued that the United States enabled the Soviet Union not only to achieve strategic parity but, in certain respects at least, to attain a degree of superiority (Williams, par. 1). ... Additionally, the experience of Vietnam shattered the bipartisan accord on American foreign policy. ... Prior to the 1970's, there had existed a gen...

• Word Count: 3059
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Therefore I decided to look at the early years of the Cold War and to see where the change in attitude had come from, and how both Truman and Eisenhower's government used American exceptionalism to rally support at home and as part of their policies in international engagement. ... I also intend to study how Truman used these for his foreign policy pursuits. ... Many saw the possible tensions emerging between the United States and the Soviet Union and actually called for the Government to maintain a foreign policy that would ameliorate the tensions. ... "25 In Truman's speech he...

• Word Count: 4596
• Approx Pages: 18

Their freedom found under Gorbachovian reforms lashed out of control striking at all who held power over them, with the exception of those they freely elected. ... The decade of the 1970s consisted of one major foreign policy condition for all nations on the globe, the Cold War. ... The policy overall had not worked. ... Allen Lynch writes: The strong ideological tone adopted by the Reagan administration in 1981, together with its downgrading of arms control, eventually shattered a strong consensus in Moscow that there were strict limits to hostility intrinsic to the Soviet-American relation...

• Word Count: 3267
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Another control mechanism perfected by Ceausescu was "rotation", a policy applied after 1971 to strengthen his personal power at the expense of political institutions . ... This policy removed Ceausescu's potential rivals before they were able to develop their own power. ... A policy of systemization was also proposed . In this policy rural population had to move to larger urban centres. ... Ceausescu's policies became unmeetable for the basic needs of the population such as food and health care . ...

• Word Count: 2728
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Arms control is arguably one of the most prominent issues every nation of the world has to deal with, this is because every man woman and child on the planet may potentially be affected by the arms another country posses. ... They may have bad relations with some of the member states at the convention, this raises a problem, there is no possible way to make states comply with terms that in fact other countries have set down, it seems that for arms control to create stability each country has to take the guidelines and restrictions that arms control carries it cannot be forced or compromised. A...

• Word Count: 2631
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The state owns and controls all enterprises and property. ... The Communist Party invaded and controlled every aspect of political, social, cultural and economic life. It was a totalitarian state with complete Communist control over all facets of life. ... Khrushchev was willing to barter, and eventually use force, to maintain Soviet control. ... After the war Russia wanted to create a sphere of influence in the East over which the West would have no say or control. ...

• Word Count: 5545
• Approx Pages: 22
• Grade Level: High School

The state owns and controls all enterprises and property. ... The Communist Party invaded and controlled every aspect of political, social, cultural and economic life. It was a totalitarian state with complete Communist control over all facets of life. ... Khrushchev was willing to barter, and eventually use force, to maintain Soviet control. ... After the war Russia wanted to create a sphere of influence in the East over which the West would have no say or control. ...

• Word Count: 5545
• Approx Pages: 22
• Grade Level: High School

The state owns and controls all enterprises and property. ... The Communist Party invaded and controlled every aspect of political, social, cultural and economic life. It was a totalitarian state with complete Communist control over all facets of life. ... Khrushchev was willing to barter, and eventually use force, to maintain Soviet control. ... After the war Russia wanted to create a sphere of influence in the East over which the West would have no say or control. ...

• Word Count: 5545
• Approx Pages: 22
• Grade Level: High School

When Lenin arrived back in Petrograd from his exile in Switzerland, on April 3, 1917, he strongly criticized Stalin for printing both of these opinions and demanded an immediate reversal in policy. ... Stalin's job was, basically, to manage relations between the various ethnic groups of the former Russian Empire and to develop some sort of coherent policy toward the questions of national secession and civil rights. ... Stalin performed exceptionally well, winning a decisive victory on June 16 with the capture of two White-controlled fortresses. ...

• Word Count: 7507
• Approx Pages: 30
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The economic status of the Soviet Union was yet again changed and the entire system became controlled by the government. ... A new policy of efficiency and quality control was brought in. ... Krushchev's denouncing of Stalin's policies was criticized and slowly some of Stalin's political disciplinary policies were restored. ... He began a policy called "Glasnost" which emphasized openness with regard to discussion of social problems and shortcomings. ... State control was lo! ...

• Word Count: 3016
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Americans, the British and the French controlled West Germany and the Russians controlled East Germany. ... This policy also had another name "Containment". ... The Warsaw Pact of the Eastern European Mutual Assistance Treaty overseen by the USSR, kept strict control over other countries in the pact. ... While, back in the 1950's NATO was a good way in keeping the Soviets at Bay, NATO today is a good way of ensuring that the status quo in Europe does not get out of control. ... To look at from another perspective, the U.S realized that a policy of "isolationism" would only result in t...

• Word Count: 4898
• Approx Pages: 20
• Has Bibliography

Communism, at its most idealistic base, is a contingent of gown up responsible people that have free access to information and can therefore self govern, except for the transitional period required for the establishment of the required infrastructure. In this light, it would seem that communist coun...

• Word Count: 3463
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Graduate

People would no longer have the comfort of knowing someone else was in control. ... When the Russian government took control of the USSR in 1991, communist party members lost all legal status. ... The life expectancy of the average Russian was lower than when the USSR had control. ... Cuts in funds that usually keep the wolves under control are proving to be disastrous for many farmers. ... The blame of this crisis goes on government policies. ...

• Word Count: 2646
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

In December 1922, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R) was created, under the communist control of the ruthless, Joseph Stalin. ... After the war, Russia gained control of most of the Eastern European countries, usually through threats, violence, biased propaganda and poll rigs. ... The Truman Doctrine was the beginning of American policy for the Cold War. This policy was called "containment": The USA would support any country threatened by communism, so that communism couldn't spread any further- it would be "contained". Truman said, "I believe it must be the policy ...

• Word Count: 3123
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

Any attempt to analyze the transition from a Cold War system of international relations to a post Cold War one, will incorporate an analysis of the general nature of the system itself, in this case the system of international relations in Asia; of the actors involved and their respective roles; how changes in the political environment and in specific policies of the actors shape the evolution of a new system; and finally the nature of the new system with its own actors, their new roles, and new concerns. ... In addition, five others also helped to shape Soviet policy 1. ... First, China'...

• Word Count: 4761
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The main contributor was that he had been an active Bolshevik and a full time revolutionary since 1905, and had been the President of the Bolshevik conference in 1907; therefore he knew the details of the party's policies. ... This ban dictated that there were "to be no groups within the party that tried to put forward new ideas, which disagreed with the official policy and the Party leadership-. ... This meant he had their undivided support, whether or not they actually agreed with, or understood, his policies. ... Whilst in power Lenin had controlled the Communist Party with his force...

• Word Count: 3761
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School

For this brief time, the culture of the avant-garde was synonymous with official cultural policy of the Soviets. ... In 1918 Lenin and the Bolsheviks were in full control; they had won the revolution and now had the ability to erect momentous statues and buildings to celebrate a Revolution that would change the entire world forever. ... According to Lodder, Narkompros was in charge with the task of "formulating the theoretical basis of a cultural policy for Socialist Russia" (50). ... Like Narkompros, the Vkhutemas art institution had the daunting task of creating a new cultural policy ...

• Word Count: 4641
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Stalin Essay Stalin's Childhood The man who the world would come to know as Joseph Stalin was born Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili, on December 21, 1879, in the Georgian village of Gori, a small town in the southern reaches of the Russian Empire. He was the third child born to Vissa...

• Word Count: 2506
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

This contributed to shaping the policy of "containment". ... Roosevelt contrastingly agreed with Stalin's idea and only tempered this harsh term with a hope that postwar German occupation could be overseen by some international peace organization that would keep all Soviet activities under control. ... A joint Control Commission was set up to govern Berlin. ...

• Word Count: 3287
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

For example, Tatarstan and Sakha-Yakutia both have a wealth of natural resources, giving them a potential advantage in economic development and a desire to establish control over these resources. ... Issues of more effective regional and ethnic political representation must be addressed through a movement away from the Soviet system that unfairly distributes economic control and political power among ethnicities and nationalities (Lapidus 96). ... It has placed economic uncertainties in the path of political realities, resulting in policies that attempt to address the often contrad...

• Word Count: 4108
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography

It was generally perceived that only absolute state control such as that proposed by Stalin's five year plans would manage these resources well enough to achieve the industrialisation wanted by many communists. ...

• Word Count: 5589
• Approx Pages: 22
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It was with these weapons the US administration has decided to pursue a policy of defending its national interests in the world, "the US military said this quite openly. ... In domestic policy, the army served not only as the basis of authority, but also used as cheap labor. ...

• Word Count: 4151
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Once in power, Stalin began a drive to industrialize and modernize the Soviet Union, with a Five-Year Plan (1927-32) based on Marxist principles championing government control of the economy. ... Kirov rejected this notion, but at the Fifteenth Party Congress in 1934 many members expressed disapproval of Stalin's tight control, and a small percentage of the delegates actually voted against re-electing him the Central Committee. ...

• Word Count: 5151
• Approx Pages: 21
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Stalin: GENIUS OR MONSTER? As with any human being I don't think you can label Stalin as just one thing against another. He may have been a genius or a monster or at times both, but he was never one thing. To truly understand Stalin as a man, a dictator, a leader we need to assess the country he ...

• Word Count: 2886
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

This upheaval lead to thousands or millions of deaths , the halt of education, the removal of the cadres in power, huge damage to the economy, a greater role of the military in politics and placed Mao in complete control. ...

• Word Count: 4647
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: Undergraduate