The regulation of competition is administered by the EU's competition policy. ... They are the guardians of competition and exist within the structure of competition policy. ... A merger is when a firm acquires exclusive control of another firm or of a firm it controlled jointly with another firm, or where several firms take control of a firm or create a new one. The Treaty of Rome contained no specific powers to control mergers, therefore the Commission attempted to create a merger regime using Articles 85 and 86. ... Although Article 92 condemns all state aids which distort competition,...

• Word Count: 1863
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Like many nations how they went about this and to what conclusions they came to on policy have many similarities and differences. It is these comparisons on a governmental action on a policy that will ultimately determine the fate of these nations and their roles in this highly interconnected world. ... The Security of the United Kingdom relies heavily upon it foreign affairs policies, that of which can be considered leaving the State better off than that of Switzerland. ... But who is in control when it comes to foreign affairs? ... That is the style of policy-making changes dramatically depe...

• Word Count: 1542
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The main aim of a manager is to control the work in organization and at the same time motivating the employees for doing better job. ... The farmers are also benefitted through this policy as shades are provided for the crops and to further protect the biodiversity and forest ecosystem. ... Health and Safety The policy also help the employees to gain knowledge of various machines in order to avoid accidents in the organisation. ... In an open economy, government policy that affects national income and interest rates also affects supplies of and demands for foreign currencies. ...

• Word Count: 6987
• Approx Pages: 28
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Her foreign policy was a German policy; how to control Germany and secure a solution to the problem. The forth republic initially tried to achieve alliances and international control of Germany via control of the Ruhr arsenal, economies attachment of, the Saar to France, occupation of the Rhineland and the prevention of a German state. ... Coal and steel were the basis of the war industries and by pooling their production this meant partial control of Germany. ...

• Word Count: 349
• Approx Pages: 1

The World Trade Organization, or the WTO, is a multinational organization that controls and deals with the rules of trade between countries. ... The WTO has several dispute panels that rule on which laws and policies are barriers to trade. ... By voting on certain policies, they can make money and powerful partnerships through aiding the corporation of their choice or a benefactor. ... Because the WTO is not democratic, its policies are unfair and only serve the needs of international large business. The policies impact many aspects of society, including international environmental laws, huma...

• Word Count: 600
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Competition policy Competition policy in the UK is well established. ... Competition policy also includes law on mergers. ... Competition policy plays an important role in the work of EU. ... The international merger's prohibition is not only due to the rationale of competition policy but also because individual nation generally requires airlines based within their borders to be majority owned and controlled by their citizens. ... Environmental Policy There is long history of control of airlines on the ground on noise pollution. ...

• Word Count: 2729
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Greens want all exports of European military and nuclear technology controlled, reduced and eventually eliminated. ... There should be greater democratic control and openness in institutions of power. ... A Peace-oriented Common Foreign Security Policy is important towards demilitarizing Europe and dissolving NATO. ... Asylum, immigration, police cooperation and judicial affairs matters must be put under parliamentary control. ... The party has been successful in implementing policies it had long fought for. ...

• Word Count: 1917
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 CHAPTER 1 MATSUSHITA ELECTRONIC LTD. 4 1.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 4 1.2 COMPANY VISION AND BUSINESS PHILOSOPHY 4 1.3 BUSINESS POLICY IN EUROPE 5 1.3.1 Manufacturing 5 1.3.2 Sales and Marketing 5 1.3.3 Human resource 6 1.3.4 Organizational structure 6 CHAPTER 2 IMPLICATION ON MEI"S BUSINESS POLICY 7 2.1. ... In Chapter 1, an overview of Matsushita is provided, followed by its business policy before 1994. Chapter 2 is a critical analysis of SEM, the new business environment for MEI in Europe, and its implications to MEI business policy. ... Chapter 2 ...

• Word Count: 3267
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography

It was a moderately restrictive monetary policy, and an income policy with a commitment to begin structural reform. ... Because the policies of supply and demand, certain measures have been taken. ... Since then, and in all regard to need, monetary and fiscal policy has been provided. To go with these policies of restrictive demand and more flexible supply, the government has tried to stimulate an income policy on several occasions. ... As Spain has been forced to live within its means and state spending has been slashed to control the rising budget deficit. ...

• Word Count: 2349
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Is there still a case for common agricultural policies in Europe in the 21st century? ... Common agricultural policy (cap) has been the most criticized European community policy (EC). ... For the past 30 years the common agricultural policy has made the EU the the worlds second largest exporter in agricultural products. ... "in 1968 the cap had to control sugar production due to excess supply and in 1970s deficiency payments for oilseeds , minimum import prices and purchasing of surpluses for fruits and vegetables and subsidies for distilling wine." ... So CAP became a very costly polic...

• Word Count: 921
• Approx Pages: 4

It bears noting, however, that public policy has led to Ireland being one of the only countries in the OECD in which manufacturing's share in output has continued to rise, while it has fallen throughout Europe in recent decades. ... The marked change in the direction and effectiveness of fiscal policy in the late 1980s was absolutely critical to Ireland's subsequent economic success. ... New policies in the late 1980s focused on cutting the debt/GDP ratio. They attacked the debt by controlling public spending, rather than by increasing taxes. ... Following on the high tax polic...

• Word Count: 1917
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

A risk that is involved in adopting the euro is that the monetary policy focus on the euro area. ... For instance, its clear that there are some limits to the scope for the national monetary policy to deliver both price and exchange rate stability in a world with free capital movements. ... Some reasons that explain why those countries don't implement the euro as a single currency are: Loss of independent monetary policy and national sovereignty. The deathtrap of losing national sovereignty from the international agreements are similar for nations that have their import control laws over...

• Word Count: 1325
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

During the 1960's common policies, notably on trade and agriculture were established and on July 1st 1968, custom duties between the six countries were completely removed. ... This first enlargement, from six to nine members, took place in 1973 and the Communities instantaneously undertook new tasks and introduced new policies- mainly concerning social, regional and environmental issues. To implement the regional policy, the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) was set up in 1975. ... This led to the reunification of Germany on 3 October 1990 and the coming of democracy to the co...

• Word Count: 2058
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This is a method of monetary control, known as Monetary Policy. Monetary Policy refers to the attempts to manipulate the rate of interest or money supply in order to bring about changes in the economy. ... In the case of the UK recently, the Labour Governments' aim has been to control household consumption by raising interest rates. ... Running alongside Monetary policy is Fiscal Policy. This policy involves making deliberate changes in government expenditure and income in order to meet economic objectives. ...

• Word Count: 3263
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography

The military and the party they support will still hold a large majority of the control over Myanmar. ... Although the victory is a small one in regards to control in parliament, the great victory comes from the fact that Burma's citizens came out to vote for Suu Kyi's party. ... "We'll have to wait and see what she has to say," said Robert Cooper, counselor to the European Union's foreign policy chief Catherine Ashton and personal friend and classmate of Suu Kyi. ...

• Word Count: 528
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography

The phrase "democratic deficit" describes any situation in which there is believed to be a lack of democratic accountability and control over the decision making process. The main areas in which this is apparent in the UK are within; The House of Lords, the lack of Proportional Representation, low voter turnout and the influence on the EU on UK policy making. ... The EU does indeed have influence upon UK policy making but as we can see from the statistics, the influence does appear to be very minimal. ...

• Word Count: 764
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

These are examples of hard command power, which the government has a good amount of control over. The third is a phenomenon in which government has very little control over called soft power. ... Also heavy central control restricts the individualism, which is the core of today's developing nations. ... This shows a great deal of importance regarding foreign policy decisions and our coalition building in order to stay at the top of the global food chain. ... The elements of war, terrorism, foreign policy and coalitions are brought to light helping to explain the complexities, which co...

• Word Count: 1715
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

In terms of the energy resources surrounding Turkey, there are many scholarly written accounts which give as crude facts such as Yergin and Kandiyoti However, there are many biased and politically motivated publications on energy issues as it can be used as a foreign policy tool such as Aliyev and Pinder. ... When considering the dramatic rise and great dependence on a single energy source in EU energy import, the policy makers are right to think about diversifying the supply routes to prevent possible future problems this might create. ...

• Word Count: 6977
• Approx Pages: 28
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

However, I use this poetic vision at the start because it highlights the important cultural-political questions of identity, territory and sovereignty that tend too often to be neglected in the regional science and policy-oriented literatures on borderlands, but emphasized in Darian-Smith's book. ... The EC became the policy-making body of the European Union. ... Customs and immigration agreements have been enhanced to allow European citizens more freedom to live, work, and study in any of the member states, and border controls have been also eased. ... Throughout the 1970's and 198...

• Word Count: 1257
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Even a casual look at global employment patterns, for example, shows that these remain overwhelmingly national and regional in character and are still influenced primarily by national political and economic policies. ... Budget deficits and government policy still determine how much capital is left over for private-sector investments in each nation. ... China, while soaking up new technology like a sponge, is also attempting to control the flow of content over the Internet (having already experienced the world's first "revolution by fax" with the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, in whic...

• Word Count: 1241
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Under the Treaty establishing the European Community, the main responsibilities of the Council are the following: • the Council is the Community's legislative body; for a wide range of Community issues, it exercises that legislative power in co-decision with the European Parliament; • the Council co-ordinates the general economic policies of the Member States; • the Council concludes, on behalf of the Community, international agreements between the latter and one or more States or international organisations; • the Council and the European Parliament constit...

• Word Count: 1384
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Bulgaria's statistical data for the economic year of 2000 is as follows: GDP: 34.9 Billion US$ GDP per Capita: 1,510 Annual Growth: 2.5% Inflation: 11.4% Trading partners: Italy, Germany, Turkey, Greece, Russia, and USA Structure of GDP by Sector: Agriculture 12.2%, Industry 32.8%, Services 55% (worldbank.org) One of the most important economic policies that Bulgaria is facing is the high rate of unemployment. ... Another policy that the government is doing is the Privatization of state owned assets. ... This system is less expe...

• Word Count: 1286
• Approx Pages: 5

Other main causes for this crisis was that there was no good reason for Greece to share the share a single monetary policy with countries such as Germany and France ("Greece on Fire" para. 3). ... However, the current Greek investors are not accepting this offer, as allowing Greece to completely default will allow the Greek bond holders to cash in on the insurance policies (credit default swaps) held on the funds (Morganton para. 7). ... The two Greek parties would form this unified political party in an attempt to appease all constituents, get control over the economy and fix the un...

• Word Count: 1589
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

Qualified majority voting was essential to the successive enlargements of the EU and although it already applied to a large number of policies, several important issues remained subject to the unanimity rule. ... For it is widely accepted that as the EU enlarges it will become increasingly difficult for unanimous decisions to be taken, perhaps even to become impossible at some point due to the conflicting interests of so many different Member States, and although the Treaty of Amsterdam recognised this problem, it did not succeed in transferring enough policy areas to qualified majority voting...

• Word Count: 2405
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

During the past three centuries, three economists stood out as archetypes, symbols of three distinct approaches to economic philosophy: Adam Smith, father of modern economics who advocated the notion of free market/trade and the "invisible hand guiding the individual"; Karl Marx, who opposed Smith and the capitalist system and believed that the pursuit of self- interest would lead to anarchy; and John Maynard Keynes, who advocated a mixed economy approach, which is predominantly private sector, but with a role of the government intervention during recessions.'1 Traditional econo...

• Word Count: 1960
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate