Among several strategies used to improve students' proficiency such as visual aids, CALL (Computer Assisted Language Learning), drama, role-play, and so on, games are another useful strategy to promote students' language proficiency. ... Some games, such as chess, test players' analytic skills. ... Chess, xiangqi (Chinese chess), and shogi (Japanese chess) are among the most widely played board games in the world. ... Over the centuries, chess spread westward to the Middle East and into Europe, with rules changing frequently. ... Twentieth-century technological advances such as ...

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