Still extant, however, are his lecture notes for carefully outlined courses having to do with almost every branch of knowledge and art. Texts based on these notes on logic were called Organon ("instrument"). ... Aristotle clearly stated the relationship between human thought and the sense in what has become one of his famous ideas- the view that knowledge is grounded in sense experience. ... It is a theory of inferences with two premises; premises do not share each of which is a categorical sentence, having exactly one term in common, and having as conclusion a categorical sentence the t...

• Word Count: 1349
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

For example, Jacobs notes that the Stoic religion emphasized an "eternal cosmic cycle of birth, expansion, conflagration, contraction, and regeneration.""3 This cycle of the cosmos was later applied to the behavior of the universe and life. ... Jacob notes that rulers of 17th and 18th -century Europe encouraged the progression of science via the improvement of research facilities and the formulation of scientific meeting circles.5 This movement of scientific knowledge brought advancement. ... In Mesmerism and the End of the Enlightenment in France, Mercier asserts that "love of the marvelous...

• Word Count: 1480
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Aristotle strongly opposed his master when it came to these points but before his rebuttals are unmasked it is important to get a sense of where the two philosophers resemble one another. ... This could explain Aristotle's belief of the two types of virtues considering they are not linked by a common virtue. ... Aristotle notes the importance of rest for the person as it is a means to have energy for further activity which will be a mean for further happiness. ... Knowing right from wrong is common but to consistently act upon this knowledge and continually do the right is rare and worthy...

• Word Count: 1238
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography

Many of these treatises are considered to probably be lecture notes that he or a student of his wrote. ... This method of study is called inductive reasoning: observing as many examples as possible and then, based on these observations, working out a basic principle they have in common. ... Today, the word means the study of weather, but he used it in a more general sense and included "all the affections we may call common to air and water and all kinds and parts of earth and the affections of its parts....

• Word Count: 2430
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

It was a must to note that language is a human creation contained cultural heritages of linguistic group. ... Literature "organized violence committed on ordinary speech" (Eagleton) While the definition of literature has been widely disputed throughout history, British literary theorist, Terrence Eagleton, attempts to make sense of it all during the introduction of his 1983 book, What is Literature. He described literature as, "imaginative writing in the sense of fiction" (Eagleton 1). If one then believes that 'writing in the sense of fiction' is the meaning of literatur...

• Word Count: 5585
• Approx Pages: 22
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

But on the other hand, there is a sense in which Socrates really means it. ... In this sense, Plato is too a rationalist (122). ... You must go wherever the argument takes you, even if it contradicts common sense and the persuasive evidence of the senses (27)." ...

• Word Count: 3636
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Aquinas maintained that intellect did not directly know the singularity of material things but only the universal natures that are abstracted from sense perceptions. Scotus held that universals as such do not exist apart from the human mind, but that each separate or "singular" thing possesses a formally distinct nature that it shares in common with other things of the same kind. ... Both of these books were written to be used as lecture aids or notes and were never meant for individual publishing. ...

• Word Count: 1760
• Approx Pages: 7

Through speech, men develop a common moral determination for what is just and unjust, and naturally form political societies in the acquisition of virtue. ... He describes speech as, "a characteristic of man that he alone has any sense of good and evil, of just and unjust, and the like, and the association of living beings who have this sense makes a family and a state" (Politics Book I.ii). ... Although it appears Aristotle and Machiavelli disagree on the role of virtue should play in political life, it is important to note that their definition of virtue does not derive from the sa...

• Word Count: 1841
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Hypnotism is an exceptionally interesting experience to witness firsthand. With an object as ordinary as a swinging pocket watch, some individuals have the power to gain control of another person's mind by lulling them into a meditative state. The hypnotist is able to speak to the person's subconscious mind, directly bypassing their normal conscious thoughts and defenses, influencing them on their most basic level of thought. This instigates an unusual response in individuals under hypnosis, as they ignore all but what the hypnotist suggests. The Christopher Nolan movie Inception d...

• Word Count: 4544
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate