Using an ingenious design, Mendel crossbred two strains of the plant (one with green peas, the other with yellow peas) and noted the ratios of the resulting progeny (Monk and Two Peas, notes 407). ... These unpaired chromosomes came to be known as the sex cells and coincided with Mendel's observation that his pea plant sperm cells carried a single copy of factors (DNA Watson). ... Using the Drosophila melanogaster, or fruit fly, Morgan demonstrated the idea of "sex-linkage", (where particular characteristics are disproportionately represented in one sex), and the notion of what we call ...

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