During volcanic eruptions, immense quantities of carbon dioxide, water vapour, sulphur dioxide, dust and ash are released into the atmosphere. Sulphur dioxide reacts with water to form sulphur-based particles in the atmosphere. ... Sulphur dioxide from the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption in the Philippines formed sulphur-based particles that quickly spread around the earth and reflected a lot of solar energy back into space. ...

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