Nearly all macromolecules include the element carbon as a building block, because it is the only element that readily forms a giant chain or networks by bonding to other carbon atoms and other elements. ... Most macromolecular carbohydrates are polysaccharides, which typically serve as carbon and energy storage molecules (starch) or as structural materials (in plants, and insects). ... They are produced by green plants and by bacteria using the process known as photosynthesis, in which carbon dioxide is taken from the air by means of solar energy to yield the carbohydrates. ... Proteins ar...

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