On July 5, 1914, Austria sent a request to Germany, stating that if Russia and Austria were to enter a war, Austria would have Germany's full support. ... On July 23rd of that year, Austria issued an ultimatum to Serbia and in turn, Serbia responded with an ultimatum of their own. The Austrian ambassador to Serbia immediately left Belgrade and France, promising to support Russia if they went to war. On the 28th of July, Austria declared war on Serbia and two days later, Russia ordered a general mobilization of troops its troops. ... During the war, the major feminist groups were committin...

• Word Count: 543
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

Austria-Hungary stands out as the core of the conflict in Europe. ... The maneuvering of the Austrian government during the crisis compels me to place a large portion of the blame on Austria-Hungary for the outbreak of WW I. ... While Serbia was home to the Black Hand terrorist group responsible for the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand, there was never a precise official relationship established between that militant group and the Serbian government. ... ssumed the posture of war on behalf of Serbia while the Serbian government sought diplomatic solutions to the tensions. ... The oth...

• Word Count: 1352
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The demise of the Provisional Government took place as Russia continued with the war effort. ... Fear was evident amongst the French society as France declared war on Austria in 1792. ... " the immediate consequences of declaring war against Austria were disastrous."" ... This eventually led to the September Massacres where 1,200 people were executed for suspicion of having supported the Austrian invasion. ... The declaration of war on Austria and the decrees passed by Robespierre were considered to be a threat to the French Revolution. ...

• Word Count: 1713
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography

On June 28, 1914, Gavrilo Princip, an agent of the Serbian Black Hand secret society, assasinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austria-Hungary throne. ... The same day of Archduke Franz Ferdinand's assassination the Austrian government retaliated by declaring war on Serbia. ... So after much regrets he declared war on Austria-Hungary. Germany, being power hungry, and allied with Austria-Hungary, then declared war on Russia. ... The American government campaigned to tell the public that entering the war was good. ...

• Word Count: 353
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: High School

Austria declared war on Serbia and immediately began to bombard Belgrade on 28 July 1914. ... Thus he negotiated treaties with Austria (1879) and Italy (1882). depriving France of potential allies. The triple Alliance was also directed against Russia, which contended with Austria for control in the Balkans. ... The other Great Powers, Austria-Hungary and Russia, controlled older empires in Europe itself. ... Successive British governments refused to risk votes by introducing national service, despite pressure from men like Kipling. ...

• Word Count: 1894
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Austria-Hungary was anxious to prevent Russian encroachment in the Balkans. ... The formation of the Entente Cordiale and the Franco-Russian alliance worried the German government as they felt they were becoming encircled by the France, Russia and Great Britain. ... Austria-Hungary was the only country to stand by Germany. ... The Balkan wars were very worrying for Austria-Hungary because they challenged the plans of Austria-Hungary to dominate, if not, annexe the Balkans. Serbia is expanding, so Austria-Hungary sees her as more of a threat. ...

• Word Count: 1723
• Approx Pages: 7

Alexander Kerensky was the eventual Prime Minister of Russia and leader of the Provisional Government. ... The offensive despite a strong start and initial success against the weaker Austrian army, was eventually crushed by a German counter attack, leaving Russia with a loss of 200,000 men and 170,000 deserters. ... Secondly, Kerensky and the Kornilov affair greatly contributed to the revolutionary situation as Kerensky's reputation as leader became tarnished and the Provisional government began its descent. ... The Kornilov affair came about as Kerensky and Kornilov had different stra...

• Word Count: 666
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

During the First World War on March 1918 the peace treaty was signed between Russia (Bolshevik Central Committee) and Central Powers (Germany, Austria- Hungary, Bulgaria, and Turkey) where the Germany had heading role in the Brest- Litovsk. ... In this treaty Russia was conducted by Trotsky, and Germany and Austria were held by Richard von Kühlmann and Ottakar Czernin. ... In the revolution of 1917 the left Socialites Revolutionaries formed the government and had more support than Bolsheviks, wanted to appeal to Russian people by becoming free fighters against aggressors. ... Russian Poland, ...

• Word Count: 709
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Governments have had little success in their attempts to resolve issues in which terrorism is used. ... Terrorist actions may be committed by a single individual, a certain group, or even governments. ... The assassination had sought to win Bosnia form Austrian rule, but failed and led to the outbreak of World War I. Kings and government officials are often the targets of terrorism. ... In addition to terrorist groups, governments today also engage in terrorism. ...

• Word Count: 557
• Approx Pages: 2

To preserve autocracy, the Russian government needed to have absolute power over the people. ... Orthodoxy refers to the support of the Russian Orthodox Church in government issues. ... For example, the Holy Alliance, formed on Sept. 26, 1815, after the Congress of Vienna between Russia, Austria, and Prussia, was a religious agreement. ... According to his advisors, he was genuinely surprised to hear that the other Christian monarchs especially in Austria were not engaging in war against the Ottoman Empire. ... They justified Balkan imperialism with Slavs would have a better life under their ...

• Word Count: 2499
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Alexander symbolizes the gains of the Enlightenment and the French Revolution, by wanting to step away from the unpredictable governmental behavior of Paul I. ... By creating this smooth governmental machine lead to maturity and progress, even while dealing with the Napoleonic wars. ... Again we see the resemblance to the French Revolution with what Speranskii believed was necessary in a government. ... He even called his government the monarchy of Montesquieu, rather than the monarchy of the Tsars, further representing the French influence. ... In 1809, he introduced "An Introductio...

• Word Count: 2847
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

A lot of these aspects of Russia are the same today as they were pre-World War 1, yet the culture and government was much different. ... Also the government was run by the last emporer to ever rule over Russia, Tsar Nicholas III. ... The Triple Entene was formed for safety and numbers against the Triple Alliance, which was made up of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. ... At the start of World War I in 1914, all three of the Triple Entente entered it as  allies against the  Central Powers  Germany and  Austria-Hungary (What Were the Reasons for Russia Joining World War 1). ... The popu...

• Word Count: 1207
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Britain at this time was trying to fix the growing unemployment rate and conditions of industrial workers, however maintain a moderately stable government. ... Austria-Hungary's government was failing at the time, partly due to the fact that no changes or reform had been made to country for a long period of time, and the government was displaying a lack of interest in the people. ...

• Word Count: 990
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography

The weakness of the Provisional government is a particularly important factor. The name of it, the provisional government, already suggests the government being temporary in nature. The government lacked legitimacy and real power, and had no real support from the masses. ... The final straw, the Kornilov affair practically led to the Provisional government serving Russia to the Bolsheviks on a golden platter. ... In wanting peace at any price, Trotsky acted in Lenin's stead to be the chief negotiator, delaying terms as long as possible in hope of revolution breaking out in Germany or Aust...

• Word Count: 1454
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Stolypin hoped he would create a new class of prosperous landowning peasants (KULAKS) who would be loyal to the government. ... After some initial success against the Austrians, the Russians were heavily defeated by the Germans at Tannenberg and the Masurian lakes. ...

• Word Count: 833
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

The importance of securing natural energy resources is taking center stage in the European Union's (EU) future plans. Turkey, a candidate for a full membership to EU, is located close to 70% of the world's oil and gas reserves. Due to it's proximity to these important resources, Turkey is in a perfect position to host a large pipeline (Nabucco Gas Pipeline) that will carry gas from the Caspian Sea to the Middle East. This would give all the countries involved a necessary alternative to the Russian supply routes - and it would become the fourth most dynamic energy corridor for Eu...

• Word Count: 6977
• Approx Pages: 28
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Although nationalism exists in all countries, the wrong policies of nationalism (Russification) done by the USSR governments caused the whole Soviet Union to collapse. ... The main reason was the wrong nationalist policies done by the USSR governments. ... Also the way that USA governments had acted against the minorities was much more fair. ... It had caused many empires to collapse (Austria-Hungry Empire, Ottoman Empire etc.) throughout the history. ...

• Word Count: 1219
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

The war was the main reason behind the desire to change the country of its government and ideology. ... Reforms of the emancipation of the serfs and many other came to create balance in the military and government structure, the reforms was the first step to modernization. ... Even though the modernization of Russia was threatened by the corruption of the government structure and the failure to adapt democracy, Russia at this point was very confident from some economic benefit from modernization. ... If it wasn't for the intervention of Britain and Austria-Hungary, Russian mass man-power...

• Word Count: 1064
• Approx Pages: 4

As society started to change in Russia, Nicholas' autocracy government became outdated. ... To help achieve their goals they had a Fighting Organisation that organized terrorist campaigns, with these campaigns they killed three government ministers and dozens of government officials. ... As shown above Tsar Nicholas II was not a popular form of government among Russia. ... In June 1917 the Provisional Government ordered Russian armies to make an attack on Austria, this failed and turned into a retreat. ... Alexander Kerensky then became prime minister of the Provisional Government. ...

• Word Count: 2288
• Approx Pages: 9

Russia's government has announced that it intends to liberalize liquefied natural gas (LNG) exports starting in January 2014, breaking Gazprom's absolute export monopoly. ... Smallervolumes of natural gas are also shipped via the Gazprom pipeline network to Austria, Finland, and Greece. ... Today the two resources account for over 70% of all exports and also provide government as well as private jobs for individuals living in the area. ...

• Word Count: 3746
• Approx Pages: 15

In 1917, the Russian Revolution toppled the Tsarist government. From March until November of that year, Russia was ruled by a Provisional Government, which made plans for a democratically elected assembly. ... The new government, led by Lenin, made peace with the Germans and undertook a bloody, three-year civil war, in which Stalin commanded on several fronts. ... Central to his program was the collectivization of agriculture, in which the government would redistribute the land by taking over the estates of the "kulaks", the wealthiest peasants. ... After Germany fell, he used Red Army troops ...

• Word Count: 5151
• Approx Pages: 21
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate