Aristotle and his followers also believed that everything outside the earth was perfectly spherical and smooth, apparently a quality of ether (University of Michigan). ... By adding the length of a shadow and the angle at which the sun's rays hit it, Galileo used the shadow method to measure the height of mountains on the moon (Moore 156). ... These assumptions were, of course, based on the works of Aristotle. Galileo wrote to him to correct his errors by using simple geometry (Machamer 29). ... After observing the phases of Venus, it seemed perfectly obvious to Galileo that Aristotle...

• Word Count: 4135
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: High School

Drake places in context the evolving events and reasons that led to the silencing of Galileo. ... This contradicted express statements by Aristotle concerning the heavens where no change could ever take place. The Church at the time accepted Aristotle's view that the heavens were made of perfect and unalterable substance called the "quintessence". ... Drake's perspective of Galileo throughout his book is of an inventor and scientist that believes reason should prevail in everything, as Drake says, "Galileo brings together the kind of knowledge that resulted from practical experience ...

• Word Count: 3037
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Establish the frequency of citing scientific papers (used to examine the links between research areas, the ranking trends; research issues came to the fore in a particular historical epoch). ... Allport, analyzing the development of psychology for 50 years, summarizes the results of using dyads. ...

• Word Count: 4386
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate