May is of the order of pure event, free from all normal, or normative causalities. ... To quote Harvey: Despite the defeat, despite the failures of policy and analysis, despite the hostility often expressed towards them by the Communist Party (quite apart from the hostility of the Gaullists), certain positive aspects of the student May movement -their memorable inventiveness- must be noted. ... May 68t challenged all the established institutions and denied that change must be marginal. ... It was coupled with a striking revulsion against anything coming from above, against centralism, au...

• Word Count: 1575
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Some times it was to gather scraps of iron, sometimes it was to gather things from homes that were deemed anti-party, such as western books, pictures, etc. basically anything that had any association with western thought. ... First of all it was not easy to become a member of the Red Guard. ... Even if you did not do it, quite often a confession was the only way to save your ass. ... The interrogators used all type of mind games. ... All around people shooting, people dieing. ...

• Word Count: 1902
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Yet he is lord of all the animals. ... "(7) and "All men are enemies. All animals are comrades." (9). ... Jones is assisted by men from the bordering farms of Foxwood and Pinchfield, just as some western countries sent troops to help the Russian forces; the Battle of Windmill symbolizes the industrialization of Russia. ... The creatures outside looked from pig to man, and from man to pig, and from pig to man again; but already it was impossible to say which was which." (118) The revolution had failed, and the animals were no better off from the days of Mr. ...

• Word Count: 1539
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

The specifics of communism's demise varied among nations, but similarities in both the causes and the effects of these revolutions were quite similar. As well, all of the nations involved shared the common goals of implementing democratic systems of government and moving to market economies. ... In Europe, on the other hand, the shift from communism was taking place in a different context altogether. The peoples involved were not looking to affect a narrow set of policy reforms; indeed, what was at stake was a hyper-radical shift from the long-held communist ideology to a...

• Word Count: 1707
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

(Dahl (1971) page 1) Dahl defines "Democracy " as a political system which has the characteristics of being completely or almost completely responsive to all its citizens. (Dahl (1971) Page 2) Since it is almost impossible for a government to be responsive to all of its citizens, Dahl calls our everyday conception of democracy Polyarchy. ... In spite of China's economic liberalization, its Communist party-state retains the essential organization structure that the Chinese communist party adopted from the Soviet Union. ... Each of these parties once again reflected its regional base in one...

• Word Count: 2103
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Graduate

Indeed, the previous decade had seen the nation's masses call for a 'constitutional government' and, by the beginning of the 1920's, elected politicians had come in from the peripheries to wield considerable, actual power. ... Why then, by the end of the decade, had the tide of democratic process receded, and how had Japan's conservative and authoritarian elements reined back power from the hands of the people? ... The ambiguity surrounding the role of the emperor and the military in the structure of Japanese government is commented on by Kato Shuichi, saying that...

• Word Count: 2458
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Graduate