Cumulatively, as late as 1820, nearly four Africans had crossed the Atlantic for every European, and, given the differences in the sex ratios between European and African migrant streams, about four out of every five females that traversed the Atlantic were from Africa. ... The Enslavement of Africans But why were the slaves always African? ... African capacity to resist Europeans ensured that sugar plantations were established in the Americas rather than in Africa. ... Winds and currents also ensured that Africans carried to Brazil came overwhelmingly from Angola, with south-east Africa and...

• Word Count: 4994
• Approx Pages: 20
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

My class has students ranging from 10 to 15 in number, who previously had courses on literature, General education, and some courses on humanities in keeping with the vision of liberal education, the reward of which lies in itself. ... The aims of the course are: To introduce you to a range of major authors and works of the period To introduce you to key themes, issues and problems To develop a broad historical understanding prose production at this time To develop literary critical skills of contextualization, close analysis, and argumentation To further develop your research skills and to p...

• Word Count: 2530
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This is not about making new propositions on the development of international refugee regime but rather to use the existing literatures on the topic to proffer answers to the questions posed. ... Setting the Scene As suggested by scholars like Loescher (1996, pp 11-92; 2001 pp21-81) and (Erika, 2001; Labman, 2009), the issue of refugee crisis is old wars and conflicts around the world-from Europe to the Balkans, to the old Soviet Union, Asia, to the Americas and to Africa, the story of wars and conflicts can never be divorced from the associated mass refuge crisis. ...

• Word Count: 4488
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

After giving a brief literature review on the topic, the first part of this study describes the existing energy security issues of the EU due to its heavy reliance on a single source of supply, namely Russia, for its natural gas imports and to a certain extend oil imports. ... Literature Review Whilst studying the literature on the importance of energy security and its impact on EU-Turkey relations it is possible to find some literature that lay a hand on these matters such as Mankoff's work,2 essays produced at the Center for European Reform (CER) and green papers of the European Commi...

• Word Count: 6977
• Approx Pages: 28
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

More often than not, this reference would be used under the topics of art and literature by the Western world. ... The area(s) that can be included under the term ˜Orient' can of course be debated, but for the simplicity sake of this paper, will refer mainly to the Middle East and North Africa. ... Yet, the United States is still the hegemonic state in the West carrying the burden of colonization, and is most certainly equally responsible for Western influence that has rattled the Middle East and North Africa today. We have already established a foundation on an aspect of Said'...

• Word Count: 4296
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

During the 1990s, literature on the international political economy was dominated by the idea of globalization. Dramatic decreases in transport costs and the rise of fast and cheap telecommunications technology have made geography less relevant and facilitated massive increases in global trade and n...

• Word Count: 7309
• Approx Pages: 29
• Grade Level: Graduate