The foundation of the Australian party systems has been heavily reliant on class demographics. The Labor party was originally formed by trade unions in the 1890's with an agenda of protecting wage-earners who were considered to be members of the 'working class', whereas the Liberal party which replaced the United Australian Party in 1944 attracted 'forgotten' members of the 'middle classes' (Brett, 1992). ... This lends to the notion that we may be living in a time of party 'convergence'. ... The concept of Party identification general...

• Word Count: 2367
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

To form a contract between two parties it must be shown that there is an intention from each to become legally bound, there must be a "meeting of minds" between the "parties", as well as consideration. There are five general rules as to an offer the first being that the offer must be communicated by the offeror to the offeree, the second being the offeror may restrict his or her offer to one person or may make his or her offer to a limited group of persons or to the world at large, the third rule states that all terms of an offer must be communicated to "party" accepting the offer. ... The thi...

• Word Count: 1623
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Graduate

In spite of China's economic liberalization, its Communist party-state retains the essential organization structure that the Chinese communist party adopted from the Soviet Union. ... The parties also change in structure and organization. ... In the presidential elections of 1999, the election committee approved nine parties for local elections and three parties with the highest votes were allowed to contest in the elections. Each of these parties once again reflected its regional base in one of the country's main ethnic groups: The people's Democratic party representing the nor...

• Word Count: 2103
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Graduate

The Bright Young Things are shown to be quite different than the party-crazed, sybaritic and fashionable group that the media portrays them as. In truth their parties are in no way as exciting or risqué as they are described by the media. The older generation (and the tabloid readers) wistfully assume that these parties run rampant with sex and drink, but in fact they are much more innocent than they are perceived to be. ... The Bright Young Things are constantly infantilized by Waugh and portrayed as strangely child-like and prepubescent; the only instance of sex at a party is when at ...

• Word Count: 1494
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Graduate

Murphy ran under the exact same name as a deceased congressman while managing to avoid having any photos of him reach the public, on top of doing so as a third-party candidate. The point that Murphy was elected as a third-party candidate already makes this very unlikely to occur. ...

• Word Count: 1267
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Graduate

Third, the government should be more open and accountable through innovation especially through non-departmental agencies. ... In addition, the party in power, normally hand selects particular members of parliament for the government to create a house of majority. ... To illustrate, the Conservative party are currently in the process of making revisions to the Federal Accountability Act (Torres, 2004). ... Third, objectives have been put in place to improve accountability and transparency within the near future especially through deputy ministers. ...

• Word Count: 1958
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

And in the third rule there is an obvious emphasis that the right to elect and be elected, to participate in the all-nation referendum does not extend to the citizens judged incapable by a court as well as those held in places of confinement on a court's sentence. ... This rate is very low, considering the fact that young people in the age range of 16-29 constitute more than one-third of all the adult Kazakhstan population. ... That's why there are such phenomena as rejection of division of society along party lines, the worship of power, based on the principle of respect of elders, ...

• Word Count: 1572
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Graduate

It is a political process that has started its third wave in Central and Eastern Europe after the fall of the Berlin wall in 1989 and the break-up of the Soviet Union in 1991. ... The case selection will be in the second and the case summary in the third sections explained, followed by a conclusion. ... Both of these terms are in some way overarching and very often underachieving as basic principles of the third wave of democratization. ... (Freedom House, 2014) Although, cases of corruption like the one of Norbert Wojnarowski who was buying votes for a favoured candidate of his by bribing pa...

• Word Count: 2022
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Graduate

Third, it is equally important to discuss globalization and anti-globalization in Canada. ... Furthermore, James Piazza mentions how globalization has undermined the political left in the countries of the developed world when he states "the social democratic and socialist parties in the West have become increasingly conservative in economic issue areas such as the regulation of workplace practices, redistributive taxation, and expansion or maintenance of the welfare state". Moreover, as Herbert Kitschelt contends, "the changes that occurred in the 1970s and 1980s in the social, ...

• Word Count: 1932
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

Heineken, the third largest alcohol beverage company, complies with regional and national codes for beer or alcohol advertising by placing its commercial communication where at least 70% of the audience is over legal alcohol purchase age of the country (Heineken). ... The company and its wholesalers also distribute "Bud Light Party Code", available in English and Spanish, which provides tips to help party hosts assure guests consume alcohol beverages responsibly and make it home safely. ...

• Word Count: 1424
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

As Melvin Richter notices, there were three ways in which Tocqueville delineated liberty as a concept: " first, in terms of the benefits produced by the political life of a free government; second, in his distinction between democratic and aristocratic liberty; and third, in his rhetorical inclination to praise liberty as a good in and of itself, a good which can be understood only by those who have experienced it, and the supreme value of which cannot be determined by its consequences"9. However, it is the first type, liberty "in terms of the benefits produced by the political...

• Word Count: 2076
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Graduate

The National party's notion of separating race groups was helped by pre-apartheid policies called the native land acts of 1913 and further revisions in 1923 which created homelands for the various black ethnic groups that inhibit South Africa (Christopher, 1994, 65).The apartheid government would further strengthen this act by making black individuals in South Africa citizens of their ethnically designated homelands and therefore foreigners to white South Africa to further instigate racist policies . ... South Africa would attract multinational cooperation's from across the world ...

• Word Count: 2088
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

The legal responses to the genocide were plentiful, seen through the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), amendments to international laws such as the responsibility to protect, third party national prosecutions and judicial processed in Rwanda. ...

• Word Count: 1261
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Graduate

When asked how the organizational culture was characterized, the management team member indicated that the current culture was one in which all parties worked together to create a caring, nurturing and trusted environment for families who require educational childcare. ... One Year Veteran Employee The third respondent, a one year veteran of the organization had mixed reviews about the organization. ...

• Word Count: 1429
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

One of the greatest crises our population we face in our great nation and possibly the rest of the world is poverty. Poverty stricken families or individuals live their lives daily dealing with this problem and find it difficult to maintain their livelihood and has disrupted their view on the factor...

• Word Count: 1355
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Graduate

This can been seen in interest groups ability to influence public officials who hold power to fulfill their wants rather than what the party as a whole wants or what the people want, the majority of interest group members being people with higher incomes and higher levels of education limiting the average citizens ability to influence decisions made, the small group of elites dominating congressional decisions, and the concerning dominance money has in American politics. In pressure groups, it is clear how their members can corrupt government officials, using numerous techniques to pressure ...

• Word Count: 1921
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Graduate

Thirdly there are Conventions, which are the least tangible source of the constitution and constitute "rules of behaviour that are considered binding by and upon those who operate the constitution but which are not enforced by the courts or by the presiding officers in the Houses of Parliament" (Jones et al. 1994, 281). ... In contrast to this Britain's unitary constitution centralises power both in the Westminster Parliament in London, with local authorities being clearly subordinate to the national government, and in the Executive, which dominates the Legislative, allowing the Party tha...

• Word Count: 1942
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

This is not an apocalyptic scenario, on the contrary is the very time we are living nowadays, for Edmund Burke once said, "Those who don't know history are doomed to repeat it" the secondary point or question I am about to ask and answer myself in this paper is that if we are ready to make the same mistakes and if Einstein was right saying that we don't know with what will the Third World War be fought with, but the Fourth World War will be fought with sticks and stones." ... But as we can see there are some opposing parties in the alliance already in form of Germany and France the ...

• Word Count: 1940
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

By that, we can be sure that our legislators will be more objective than being subjects of the whims and caprices of third parties who might have backed them in their election into office and thus ensure genuine and unbiased decisions. ...

• Word Count: 2047
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

Much of the literature on political psychology presents compelling evidence in favor of the notion that people subscribe to either liberal or conservative political ideologies because they think or process information along different psychosocial dimensions. These dimensions can underpin different c...

• Word Count: 1764
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Graduate

An example of this is the apprehension of punishment from legal authorities and other third parties, they may also consider costs imposed by the target, therefore this may contribute to them deterring from using forms of physical violence. ...

• Word Count: 2235
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

Is E-commerce Creating a More Efficient and Effective Logistics Industry? Electronic commerce has revolutionized not only the way goods are sold, but how they are delivered. Customers demand products delivered at very high speed with complete order flexibility and convenience. Moreover, today's online customers want to be able to track their order instantly, from the moment they place an order until the moment they receive it at their doorstep. With all new technologies customers became smarter. ...

• Word Count: 2005
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate