While Damascus wasn't strictly a Holy City of Islam, the map of "Muslim Holy Cities" (Doc #8) shows thirteen discrete Holy Cities, and most of them were under Muslim rule. Because Holy Cities were destinations of pilgrimages made by Muslims, they served important roles in Islam as being popular religious sites for Muslims all over the Muslim world to come for veneration, which strengthened Islam as well. ... Also, Arab scholar Al-Tabiri's (Doc #6) records of the story of Abbasid Caliph Al-Mansur changing the capital for a safer one reflects that the supposed roles of some Musli...

• Word Count: 1294
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Graduate

Anti-Muslim hate crimes have incrementally increased; these vicious attacks have an ample spectrum, anything from street harassment to murder - with the most recent and devastating atrocity being the murder of 3 college Muslim students, by a crazed terrorist homegrown in the USA. ... Consciously and willfully perpetuating unfounded and harmful stereotypes about Muslims is done for an assortment of reasons, 1.) to gain a political advantage during elections, 2.) to earn money via perpetuating Islamophobic jokes/stereotypes in popular media which appeals to a wide majority of citizens, and 3.) t...

• Word Count: 1224
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

Mass media's political influence may rival their social ascendency, as it is not uncommon for the media to work side by side with the state, with the most notable modern example being China, in which they use their various platforms of media to spread and propagate their own agenda, as well as censoring and controlling other mediums such as the internet to protect their own interests. ... According to Robinson, the government would openly direct their news to the most established network (e.g. ... Huntington's sentiments have been echoed by Western media as it influenced many of the ...

• Word Count: 2019
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate