The relationship between capitalism and the apartheid government's form of institutionalized racism was one forged solely on the basis of mutual benefits. The apartheid government's racist policies allowed the creation of a pool of unemployed cheap black labor by instituting various laws such as color bars and a highly vulnerable migrant labor brought forward by Bantustans. ... Capitalisms alliance with the South African government is as old as the state itself. ... These forms of control where ever more amplified within white South Africa where pass laws dictated the basic movement ...

• Word Count: 2088
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

Policies were made by the government in order to minimize economic disparity in the United States after the Great Depression. ... The significant role money has in government decisions and elections pose a threat to democracy, with interest groups giving the vast majority of contributions. ... With money being the most important thing and inequality of incomes increasing among Americans, the fear of the elite running the government is present. ... For example, the National Rifle Association, which opposes gun control laws, has convinced legislators that its members will vote for or against ...

• Word Count: 1921
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Graduate

In short, it stipulates the structures and powers of government and between government and the citizen" (Jones et al. 1994, 279). ... As it isn't written in a single document the British constitution derives from five major sources, these are, firstly, Statute Law, which is the main source of the part written element of the constitution, and comprises of Acts of Parliament and subordinate legislation, this is the most important of the five sources and has increasingly displaced Common Law as the most extensive form of law in Britain. ... It marked an attempt to avoid both the concentra...

• Word Count: 1942
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

As response of many disastrous events derivatives from the second intifada, The Israeli government took action starting to build what they called "Security Fence" in June 2002. ... For this reason, the Israeli Government made the decision to start to build what they called a "security fence" in the northern of West Bank. ... Palestinian land was confiscate to build the barrier; hundreds of Palestinian farmers and traders are cut off from their land and means of economic survival meanwhile Israel's Government argues that the fence is purely a security obstacle, definite...

• Word Count: 1590
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

One year later, the federal government passed the Marijuana Tax Law of 1937, which made the possession of Cannabis illegal, except for medical purposes. Although the federal government and private companies recognized medical uses for Marijuana for many years, the government slowly began to criminalize the use of Marijuana, which culminated in the government passing a law through the Narcotics Control Act of 1956, which criminalized first time possession of Marijuana with a mandatory minimum of two to ten years in prison and a $20,000 fine. ... For the first time the federal government fai...

• Word Count: 2339
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

Wall, (1), describes how the only legal restriction against Catholics was that of the making/selling of arms and ammunition, a law that was reflective of the governmental attitude against Irish Catholics. As Wall, (1), highlights, there was no restrictive law in place to prevent regarding the hempen and linen industry, which served as the main manufacturing industry in Ireland, in the eighteenth century. ... Firstly, as Wall, (1), observes, there was a law passed by Charles of England 1which forbade the export of cattle. This law was an addition to a list which included the prevention of Catho...

• Word Count: 1510
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

The concept of liberal democracy encompasses liberal and democratic values like limited government, individual rights, the rule of law, political equality, as well as the democratic process as a whole. ... Unfortunately, for Branco his underlying argument that capitalism leads to corruption is easily refuted because liberal democracies simply create laws to prevent this type of corruption and since the rule of law applies to all citizens these people are held accountable for any laws they break in spite of how much wealth or power they may have. ... For capitalism, individual rights and the...

• Word Count: 1285
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

This may be handled by either a government or non-government organisation. ... There are many laws and organisations that monitor the financial services industry. ... Despite the fact that these laws exist, if there was not someone to enforce them, many would choose not to follow these laws as there would not be any consequences of doing so. As a result, organisations have been founded in order to ensure that these laws are followed. ... The roll of each regulator is: The Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) is an independent government body that enforces and administers C...

• Word Count: 1272
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

The unpopularity of the army at that time was also triggered by their refusal to surrender power to a civilian government for almost two years. ... According to Freedom House Organization, " The November 22nd declaration violates the most basic principles of the rule of law and accountable democracy". This was followed by a number of other totalitarian measures, for instance, Hisham Kandil's government drafted a protest law to limit the demonstrations and pacify the people's growing discontent, which clearly goes against the very idea of revolution and against any logic t...

• Word Count: 1377
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Graduate

Two of the key pieces of legislation passed during the 1920's will also be considered, the Universal Suffrage Bill and the Peace Preservation Law, both of 1925, as together they illustrate the cautious balance between progress and retreat that punctuated interwar Japanese politics. ... Party politics had, after a two-decade struggle, finally become a weight in government, but not without compromise. ... Finally, the role of the emperor himself as the ultimate source of Japanese authority meant that any action on the part of government could be overruled by recourse to an imperial preroga...

• Word Count: 2458
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Graduate

"Governments have passed consumer protection legislation because they believe that the common law of contracts cannot adequately protect the consumer in today's complex market place." Both the Commonwealth and Queensland State governments have legislated to provide greater protection to consumers in contractual situations that would otherwise not be provided by common law. Examples of the government introducing legislation as a means of providing greater protection to consumers than common law are: The Trade and Practices Act 1974(Cth); and The Sale of Goods Act 1895(Qld). ... But c...

• Word Count: 1623
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Graduate

As such this essay will discuss different subsets of legitimacy judging whether they are mutually exclusive or complementary whilst avoiding the conflation of 'more legitimacy' with 'better government'. ... Whichever way the situation is examined, it is always examined through the prism of a mind which has grown up and been socialised into thinking that their system of government is the best. ... Any governing regime must perform certain functions as a bare minimum, such as defence of the population from both external and internal threats via the military and enforcement ...

• Word Count: 2466
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Graduate

In October 1972, at the seventh Heads of Government Conference, the Caribbean leaders decided to transform CARIFTA to become CARICOM. It was at the eighth Heads of Government Conference, April 1973, in Guyana where the decision to establish CARICOM came to pass. ... CARICOM's principal organs are the Conference Heads of Government known as the Conference and The Community Council o f Members known as the Council. ... There is the Bureau of the Heads of Government of the Bureau of the Conference. ... The Associate Institutions include Caribbean Development Bank (CDB), University of the Wes...

• Word Count: 1589
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

The foundation of Hobbes' argument, as a result of this reasoning, is that he is able to compellingly claim that peace is unattainable on the rationale that humans are prone to this state of nature unless there is an established form of absolute government. ... Hobbes fist provides a set of laws, the laws of nature, which aim to guide human behavior towards self-preservation. Though there are many of them, we will focus mainly on the first three laws: the first being to seek peace, the second to make covenants or contracts, and the third simply to honor the covenants made. ... Therefor...

• Word Count: 1514
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Graduate

Third, WHO treaty will be legally binding, it's intended that the treaty will be passed into national law and compliance is enforced by national governments. ... They have gone so far as to place paid tobacco industry consultants in key positions in WHO and other UN agencies, influential attempts of government delegated to WHO, and waging sophisticated public relations campaigns against WHO-sponsored scientific studies. ... The WHO treaty will be legally binding, it's intended that the treaty will be passed into national law and compliance be enforced by national governments. ... ...

• Word Count: 1408
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

Some advantages to legalising cannabis would be that it would benefit the country and government, as they would make money on tax, which would benefit the economy. ... In Australia, over 250 million dollars per year is spent on law enforcement for illicit drugs (Rozzoli, 1994). Advantage of legalizing cannabis would mean that the money spent for law enforcement of illicit drugs mean that it could be put to other harmful drugs in society such as heroin or the government could use the money to create education programs about how to use the drug and services where cannabis would be licensed there...

• Word Count: 1287
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

Efforts by colonial governments to build closer ties between metro-pole and empire after 1945 also remade urban space. ... Strikes in Mombasa, Lagos, Dar es Salaam, and other cities between 1945 and 1950 led colonial municipal governments to push for more social benefits for African city residents. ... Prior to partition, the European powers had to contend with the varying moods of African governments that, although dependent on international trade, still exercised significant control over their economic development. ... More particular, there were not composed laws or medicinal offices unt...

• Word Count: 2178
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

In this paper the success of democratization will be measured by the sum of the level of inclusion and governmental accountability achieved. ... Nevertheless, the attitude of the demos towards democracy greatly depends on the quality of governmental accountability. ... Vertical without horizontal accountability only creates disaffection with the government or the regime. ... In both cases the commitment to uphold the rule of law is what creates a strong governmental accountability. ... This kind of commitment to enforce the rule of law on politicians as well as the citizenry is consistent in t...

• Word Count: 2022
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Graduate

Soviet Jews raised great hope for future friendship and cooperation with the government . ... In the October Revolution of 1917, Lenin succeeded in establishing the Soviet Government, and after the 1920 Bolshevik victory in the Civil War, he gained his party political isolation, "effectively limiting the Soviet Government to only one political party," the Bolsheviks. Lenin believed that until he obtained European support and the ensuing transition to a communist society was complete, laws were necessary "to suppress the resistance of classes hostile to the proletariat." This temporary law...

• Word Count: 1534
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

Soviet Jews raised great hope for future friendship and cooperation with the government . ... In the October Revolution of 1917, Lenin succeeded in establishing the Soviet Government, and after the 1920 Bolshevik victory in the Civil War, he gained his party political isolation, "effectively limiting the Soviet Government to only one political party," the Bolsheviks. Lenin believed that until he obtained European support and the ensuing transition to a communist society was complete, laws were necessary "to suppress the resistance of classes hostile to the proletariat." This temporary law...

• Word Count: 1533
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

Society's general view of government provoked the unstoppable flow of revolutionary political concepts that were implemented throughout the Enlightenment. ... They criticized the methods of the Old Regime and demanded that society be run by natural laws. ... He expanded his ideas regarding government across the nation and bewildered many with the concept of natural rights. ... The Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment rearranged the world-view on politics, as it no longer became acceptable for a government to solely dictate the future of its people. ... Deists perceived the world in ...

• Word Count: 1600
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Graduate

Thus human rights are culturally relative and are certainly not universal in many states which have opposing views to the West, despite being international law. ... Under the Chinese Communist Party, independent labour unions are banned, and the government's official All-China Federation of trade Unions is the only legal representative of workers. ... Despite decades of economic development, China's authoritarian government infringes on human rights in its policies and treatment of the workers which have driven its rise to economic prosperity. ... Where states and governments fail ...

• Word Count: 1450
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Graduate

The loyalties of the Unionist and Loyalist parties in Northern Ireland to Britain has led to their increased power through actions such as the penal laws . However, the Protestant governments that then emerged used their powers in "religious bitterness"1 to strengthen their power. ... Current attitudes in Northern Ireland have also been shaped by the long-term investigations which were undertaken by the British government. ... Because of the "whitewash"9 of the Widgery report another was commissioned in 1998 once again by the British government. ... The minority of Catholi...

• Word Count: 2235
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Graduate

Let us suppose that all the members of the community take a part in the government, and that each of them has an equal right to take a part in it. ... Liberty was definitely a political ideal that Tocqueville clung to – "I had conceived the idea of a moderate and orderly liberty, restrained by [religious] belief, mores, and the laws, it had become my lifelong passion" -, so his multiple uses of the concept should not surprise us. As Melvin Richter notices, there were three ways in which Tocqueville delineated liberty as a concept: " first, in terms of the benefits produc...

• Word Count: 2076
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Graduate

First being the insistence of the natural equality of all people in the commonwealth, second, by including maxims of moderation as part of the laws of nature, and lastly, by emphasizing the need to avoid war except as a last resort. ... Hayes stresses that Hobbes has built in his theories of moderate conduct in-laws four to ten in Leviathan, and that these laws are meant to try and close the gap between the rich and the poor through the engagement of mutual help between the classes through gratitude (4th Law), and the encouragement of each person to be sociable to one another by being willing ...

• Word Count: 1433
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate