The Constitution of Yesterday and Today The Articles of Confederation was a document, which served the United States from 1781 to 1789. ... Upon ratification of the United States Constitution, in 1789, this agreed upon a form of government put into effect, and has operated as the government of the United States ever since. ... This legislative current event relates to the United States control over money and the states use of the money. ... From 1787 to 1788 Hamilton, Madison, and Jay wrote these controversial essays to advocate popular belief in the ratification of the United States C...

• Word Count: 1599
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

After the Constitution was written by the Constitutional Convention at Philadelphia in 1787 and submitted to the States for ratification, many voices arose saying the Constitution did not sufficiently protect the basic natural rights of the citizens. ... By the laws of the United States, those that won the top two electoral vote totals would be President and Vice President. ... In 1868, the 14th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States granted citizenship and equal civil and legal rights to African Americans and slaves who had been emancipated after the American Civil War, including ...

• Word Count: 2226
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Making abortion illegal is not in the best interest for the United States because it would cause major health concerns. ... The rest of the rights of a United States citizen would be protected under the Ninth Amendment, which states, "The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people " ("Amendment IX " 1). ... Nowhere in the Constitution does it say abortion is illegal. ... In the United States, it was not common for women to have any rights until recently. ... As a result of keeping abortions legal, the United Sta...

• Word Count: 1391
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

United State has been practicing death penalty since it is established. ... In the United States Constitution, the Eighth Amendment states, "Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual." ... There has always been movement going on which aim to abolish death penalty in the United States history. ... One significant feature of judicial system in the United States is the independence of state court system from federal bureaucracy. Ninety-nine percent of criminal cases in the United States are settled in state courts. ...

• Word Count: 1056
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

People who oppose more laws protecting the privacy of individuals most often turn to the Constitution for support of their opinion. ... Because it is not specifically mentioned in our country's constitution they believe that the right to personal privacy should not exist in the United States. ... It is believed that by removing privacy these aspects of American culture will also be removed and the United States will be a safer place to live. ... By assuring the privacy of associations, the Constitution is protecting the privacy of individual's correspondence as well. ... This sho...

• Word Count: 2150
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The constitution has been successful in protecting liberty at the most basic level. ... In this example the constitution clearly is a hindrance to a progressive measure. ... President Roosevelt's New Deal program was threatened by the Supreme Court who deemed it to be an unconstitutional breach of states" rights. ... It is often tempting to offer a critique of the constitution through European political values, criticising the constitution for its perceived preclusion of egalitarian principles through its limitations on powerful government. However, to suggest that the United States s...

• Word Count: 1663
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The United States Constitution was one of the most revolutionary documents of all time. ... However over time, the Constitution began to apply to the states as well as the federal government. ... The most famous section of the United States Constitution is the Bill of Rights. ... The first section of the Fourteenth Amendment states "All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside. ... By holding the states to the rights as guaranteed in the Constitution, power is basically be...

• Word Count: 2594
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The founders of the United States government tried to protect our liberty by assuring a free press, to gather and publish information without being under control or power of another, in the First Amendment to the Constitution. ... This is a basic belief in the freedom of expression and is to be protected by the First Amendment to the Constitution. ... At the center of the debate is the First Amendment to the Constitution, which guarantees our right to read, speak, write, and communicate freely. ...

• Word Count: 663
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Explain how judges are selected in the Federal and in state systems across the United States. ... United States of America is a federal republic with a division of powers (legislative, executive and judiciary) between the federal authorities and the state authorities. ... There is a hierarchy of courts in United States. ... Encyclopedia Britannica states: " The Supreme Court is a final court of appeal and final expositor of the Constitution of the United States. ... United States federal judges work in the Supreme Court, courts of appeal and the district courts. ...

• Word Count: 1173
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The establishment of an effective Judicial System in the United States of America has come with numerous challenges over the past centuries. ... Nothing within the Constitution exclusively states that the Supreme Court's opinion is superior to the state court's, and nothing within the Constitution states that the Supreme Court has the capability of judicial review on acts generated by the legislature. ... The understanding of these time periods will bring a clearer representation on how vital the Supreme Court has been to the success of the United States. ... This outlook, however...

• Word Count: 4341
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The fluidity of the Constitution's construction is one of its' greatest strengths. ... The early years of American social reform put a lot of tension on the nation and through the nation, the constitution was tested. With the reconstruction amendments (13-15) the Constitution was able to adapt for the freedom of African-Americans, giving precedence for the incorporation of women. ... This is the greatest attribute of democracy, because the Constitution ties together the American people, and the elasticity of the constitution allows for it to withstand even the hardest of national str...

• Word Count: 635
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Supreme Court ruled that "when a commission has been signed by the president, the appointment is made; and that the commission is complete, when the seal of the United States has been affixed to it by the [secretary of state]." ... Marshall further maintains that the Constitution is the supreme law of the land. ... VI, which states, "This constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; ... shall be the supreme Law of the Land." ... Clearly, Congress could not take on the states' rights advocates and the state legislatures. ... He does not ...

• Word Count: 1148
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In 1819, the court case of McCulloch vs Maryland, the state of Maryland decided that the Second National Bank of the United States were to be taxed by them. ... The states could not tax the federal government because it went against the constitution. ... The court had the power over the constitution and the laws of the states, therefore the states cannot control them (the government) and tax the bank. ... This case was important because the United States economy became increasingly more business and industry based. ... John Marshall's decisions with the Supreme Court established a body of...

• Word Count: 896
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It involves the right to die which is protected by the United States Constitution clauses of due process liberty and the right to privacy (Fourteenth Amendment). ... However, although the United States Supreme Court upheld the Quinlan decision in re Cruzan , it changed the parameters of passive euthanasia . ... The decision is thus left to the individual states. ... Persons who are for active euthanasia believe that legislation against it is violative of the fundamental concepts of liberty, freedom of choice, and self-determination They base these beliefs on the text of the fourteenth amendmen...

• Word Count: 1550
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

These principles, granted and guaranteed in the constitution, form the democratic foundation of the country. Among the most important rights to the United States" democratic society are the rights to a reasonable expectation of privacy, granted in the Fourth Amendment, and equal representation under the law, as seen in the Fifth Amendment. ... (Berman & Murphy, 2003, p. 473) United States v. ... The Right to Equal Protection Under the Law The Fifth and Sixth Amendments of the Constitution attempt to protect the defendant from the tyranny of the government and its executive powers. ... Th...

• Word Count: 1330
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The specific law states that public schools begin each school day with "appropriate patriotic exercises" and that the Pledge would be sufficient to comply. The specific school policy states that "Each elementary school class [shall] recite the pledge of allegiance to the flag once each day." ... How clear is it if the Pledge to Allegiance is about God or about the Nations principals and constitution? ... Perhaps, this issue has been one of such importance in which no matter what the Supreme Court decides all politicians have united to stand up and defend the Pledge of the nation, and ...

• Word Count: 812
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

"Constitutional Classification Tests" In the United States the Supreme Court, with its power of judicial review, may determine whether an act by the President, Congress, a national, state, or local administrative official, a state legislature, a local governing board, or a lower court is valid. ... Constitution prescribes the legitimate powers of the national government, reserves others to the states, and protects individuals from governmental invasion of their freedoms of religion, speech, press, and other rights. ... In other words the Constitution does not prohibit making distinctions ...

• Word Count: 439
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Life, death and all the events and actors they encompass are not easily placed within the parameters of a legal society such as the United States. ... In either case the end result will be the same and since one is protected under the Constitution the other, physician-assisted suicide should be as well. ... I believe that the right to end one's own life is a personal, private right that is covered by the fourteenth amendment of the Constitution. ... Physician-assisted suicide should be protected under the Constitution of the United States based on Americans" due process rights and equa...

• Word Count: 908
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Same-sex marriage has been one of the most controversial and divisive topics in the United States since the 1970s. ... This ruling marked the most important victory for the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transvestite (LGBT) community in the United States' history. ... The United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan ruled that the adoption law was unconstitutional in February 2014 (Oyez). ... Judge John G Heyburn II ruled in February 2014 that "Kentucky's denial of recognition for valid same-sex marriages violates the United States Constitution's guarantee o...

• Word Count: 1936
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Today in the United States it is hard to mourn the loss of one when hundreds are killed annually, but what gives someone the right to take another life? ... By the 1700's there had been so many executions in the new colonies that by the late 1700's the abolitionist movement in the United States began. The first attempted reforms of the death penalty in the United States occurred when Thomas Jefferson introduced a bill to revise Virginia's death penalty laws. ... But at several times in history the United States has saw the death penalty as an unfit manner of going about justice ...

• Word Count: 1564
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

He was denied equal protection through the states Peremptory Challenges. The Supreme Court decided that Batson was discriminated against and that the Constitution of the United States forbids all forms of purposeful racial discrimination in the selection of not only the Venire but also the Petit jury. ... The constitution states that all men are created equal therefore we should all be treated fairly and respectfully regardless of our race. ...

• Word Count: 583
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In regards to United States v. ... In the Case of United States v. Oliver The distinction between private property and open fields needs to be determined previously to forming an opinion in regards to the constitution of an open field warrantless search. In the case of United States v. ... The case of United States v. ...

• Word Count: 1726
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Abortion Laws: An overview of the history and legality of abortion in the United States"). ... Abortion Laws: An Overview of the History and Legality of Abortion in the United States). ... Abortion Laws: An overview of the history and legality of abortion in the United States"). ... Wade as the dominant precedent on abortion in the United States. ... One third to one half of all pregnancies in the United States end in abortion, 2,500 of these abortions will be performed illegally. ...

• Word Count: 2395
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The United States of America falls short of a legitimate democracy. ... This characteristic is beginning to diminish in the United States; an example of such is the Lawrence & Garner v. ... In reality, they interpret laws and the Constitution using their power of judicial review, the power explicitly given to them in Marbury v. ... The legitimacy of the United States government is limited, but in a system of government which was designed with abundant loopholes, complete democracy is most likely impossible....

• Word Count: 1183
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Wade observed the Supreme Court of the United States rule in favor for a woman to bear the constitutional right to an abortion within the first two trimesters of pregnancy. Before the court's ruling, the majority of states prohibited the act of abortion, founded on the grounds of the pre-existing English common law, with the exception "with respect to an abortion procured or attempted by medical advice for the purpose of saving the life of the mother" (403). ... Wade, and ruled that the states could restrict abortions only during the final three months of pregnancy, a stage when medical...

• Word Count: 547
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate