Nonetheless, we found a repetition effect for the small set of uncommon words that did occur often in a narrative text. ... In the newspaper texts experiment reported in Chapter 5, frequently repeated items were not acquired by more learners than less frequent items. ... Even when texts are long, only a small number of words meet the key criteria of being both uncommon and much repeated. ... One possible solution is rewriting texts to include more occurrences of items. ... A variation on this approach is to supplement a text (instead of altering it) to increase numbers of encounters with sel...

• Word Count: 7274
• Approx Pages: 29
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Reading comprehension, then, would be the capacity to perceive and understand the meanings communicated by texts. When examining the above definition it is safe to say that meaning cannot just be extracted from texts but must be actively created in the mind of the reader from the integration of prior knowledge with the information in the text. ... Using text as a medium of thought, where meaningful information is extracted on ever-increasing levels. ... It is the ability of students to understand the content read by recognizing the main ideas and concepts in the text. ... From these un...

• Word Count: 3864
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

John, one of the foundational Christian apocalyptic texts (Vanderkam 1996), was written at the end of the first century AD3. ... Both texts make reference to the Lamb(s) of God, to a messianic figure who will herald the end of days, to the beasts (dragons and leviathons) who will raze the earth of sinners, and both texts describe a very similar process by which this earth will be destroyed, and replaced by the eternal "holy city.... John, or if the Revelation was written with little reference to this particular Jewish apocalyptic text (Couliano 1991). ... However, a careful analysis of ...

• Word Count: 2680
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The authority and force of any spoken text within the training room can be examined, particularly in relation to issues of control. ... The order of discourse' (Fairclough, 2001) of education is an obvious area for the critical study of text and talk and one that has received much attention from researchers (see Atkinson, Davies, and Delamont, 1995; Coulthard, 1994; Duszak, 1997; Fisher and Todd, 1986; Mercer, 1995; Wodak, 1996). ... Discourse access and control may be defined in respect of both content and structure of text or talk. ... Fairclough (2001) argues that texts can interpella...

• Word Count: 6821
• Approx Pages: 27
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

With three texts spanning over four centuries, not only does the style of writing change, but the presentation of relationships becomes arguably more realistic. In terms of love, it is arguable that all three texts; "Hamlet," "Sons and Lovers," and "A Streetcar Named Desire," present it as a destructive and negative force. ... Shakespeare's 17th Century revenge tragedy differs greatly to the other texts, mainly because it is set within the court so all relationships are portrayed to have political influences. ... Both "Sons and Lovers" and "Hamlet" display extremely strained and almost oe...

• Word Count: 3412
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Indeed, the styles of texts presenting vampirism have greatly altered with the times, reflecting a large proportion of societal values. ... Thus, presentations of vampirism in terms of sexuality, religious beliefs and point of view are remarkably contrasted in both these texts. However, despite this, in terms of viewing both The Vampire Lestat and Dracula as Gothic texts, there arise many similarities in their presentations of vampirism. ... An example of this in the text Dracula is expressed through the character of Lucy. ... However, in terms of viewing these novels as Gothic' ...

• Word Count: 2816
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Of the ideas revived in Greek texts was the idea that musicianship be an expected knowledge or attribute by the daily man (Norton 143). The texts wrote about how the music of the time had the "power to evoke emotions and instill character", so composers sought to exemplify the same result. ... Desprez (1450-1521) was noteworthy for focusing on the text, using 5 and 6 voice pieces, imitation, homophony, smooth melodies and full triadic harmonies. ... Text was largely important in both the Renaissance and Baroque periods but the manner in which they were used varied greatly. ... After...

• Word Count: 2548
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In developing the transformation I took the differences and similarities between the two societies into consideration: the changes in values in issues, the relevance of the setting in the text, characterisation and the difference in use and existence of language and techniques. ... This change reflects that my audience requires a greater amount of action and suspense to feel satisfaction with a text. ... There are similarities too, however, in the two texts in the distinct hierarchy present in the structure of the opposing sides/families. ... There are also similarities in the portra...

• Word Count: 2531
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

(P. 45) Research and Facts In the text Multicultural Law Enforcement Strategies for Peacekeeping in a Diverse Society, fifth edition, the authors shed some light on the general feeling of public safety personnel and I feel that they relate directly to the New Haven lawsuit. ... (P. 40) When I read this in the text I immediately thought about discrimination against minorities. ... In the text Legal Considerations for Fire and Emergency services, second edition, the citys HR director, Tina Burgett stated that there is a significant disparate impact on these two exams. ... As stated in the te...

• Word Count: 2855
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Year 12 TEE English "Beneath a surface of entertainment, texts can present powerful social commentaries." Intertextuality plays an integral role in the understanding and perception of a text. The attitudes that the viewer's hold on the social commentaries are formed in part by the context that the author creates but also from their own context in the form of past experiences and knowledge of other texts. ... Through readings and viewing of other texts such as the movies Ali and Remember the Titans and the lyrics of the song "When We Were Kings" viewers are able to form or reinfo...

• Word Count: 2667
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

There were some reasons for Germany to make such an alliance and get Turkey into the war and these reasons and the general strategy that was followed by Germans were illustrated in the text "The intentions of Germans in the Gallipoli War- by Assist. ... The text "The intentions of Germans in the Gallipoli War- by Assist. ... First of all, the text tells the general view of the war from a Turk's -- the author's -- point of view and how the Turks lost a lot of soldiers in the war. ... French are being keen in involving in the Dardanelles adventure as Eleanor van Heyningen states in her...

• Word Count: 3181
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Communication Arts incorporates logical competencies and wholesome attitudes and values that penetrate in the language trend. When the learner started to learn language, they are being exposed to the experiences that will enrich their logical system and competencies in English. In communication arts...

• Word Count: 7878
• Approx Pages: 32
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Change Essay For every person who welcomes change, there is someone who wants life and experience to remain unchanged' Did you find this true of the texts you studied? The above statement is extremely true, and clearly apparent in the texts studied. ... This can be found true through an analysis of the texts The poem "In the Park- by Gwen Harwood, The poem "Father and child- by Gwen Harwood, The short story "Sky High- by Hannah Robert, Shakespeare's Othello' and the film "Cruel Intentions- by "Kevin Williamson- Th...

• Word Count: 2540
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The text, which is told in a first person narrative, essentially revolves around a young man who, due to a minor drug offence, suffers the hardships of imprisonment in an American correctional facility. ... Caine was according to the text put in the hole subsequent to a verbal row with Strazinsky, the man whom I formerly mentioned as "The Tower Pig." ... However, the most noteworthy aspect of the text is in my opinion that of friendship. ... The text, which is told in a first person narrative, essentially revolves around a young man who, due to a minor drug offence, suffers the hardships of im...

• Word Count: 2809
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

All About the Treaty, published in 2005 where the author of the text declares "Some historians have suggested 'te tino rangatiratanga' or 'mana' were better approximations of sovereignty than 'kawanatanga', supports the claim of Williams mistranslating the treaty However the word mana in Maori is used between tribes to determine the pride or honour of that tribe, using the word mana in the Treaty would have resulted in a discount of signatures from Maori chiefs, note that the Declaration of Independence only 52 signed while the Treaty of Waitangi accumulat...

• Word Count: 4461
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Proposal Type of study -Overlooking contrasting approaches to a historical personality, issue or event -How has history been constructed and recorded over time? -Why have the approaches to the construction of history changed over time? This essay was originally to deal with debates regarding Soviet Russian history. This sphere of interest became more specific and eventually led to a study of inconsistencies regarding historical justifications of Khrushchev's dismissal of war hero Marshall Zhukov. However, while a variety of sources were available regarding his Western counterpa...

• Word Count: 4647
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The basic nature of learning is linking new information to prior knowledge about the text. ... Students are measured by letter identification, word test, concepts of print, writing vocabulary, hearing sounds in words and text reading level. ... The reading instruction focuses on the connected text not segmented skills. ... It is during the actual reading of increasingly less predictable text that Reading Recovery teachers guide children to consider multiple sources of information in thoughtful and flexible ways as they monitor the child's reading and solves emerging problems. ... Te...

• Word Count: 3195
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The instability of theology offered Gothic Literature the confidence to query the supremacy of religion in text, for example in The Monk, where there is, according to critic David Stephens '...in effect a conflation of Roman Catholicism and blind superstition.'3 Both here and in the character of Father Jerome in Walpole's archetypical The Castle of Otranto, Gothic authors have presented religious representatives as morally injudicious, their irresolute personas open to corruption and temptation. This theme is prevalent throughout the Gothic genre, from the earlier poetry of Cole...

• Word Count: 4055
• Approx Pages: 16
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

If the interpreter doesn't agree with what the text says they can just say it must be "Socratic irony" and he really didn't mean what he said (Vasiliou, 1999). ... This type of irony is usually understood by the reader of the text or "outer frame" as opposed to the audience Socrates was speaking to or "inner frame". ...

• Word Count: 2531
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Prince is the text from which my source is taken. ... The examples used in this text are mainly of failed instances. ... One short sentence that speaks volumes in the text explains that a ruler cannot simply keep his promises, for if he does, he will be destroyed. ...

• Word Count: 2744
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

"Both males and females encounter gender expectations and pressures in schools from kindergarten through graduate and professional school." (Wood, 2013) We know how gender stereotyping can begin the moment parents find out the sex of their child. It is basically a cultural habit to give a boy a toy car and a girl a doll. This kick starts the gender stereotypes into gear and thus begins the thought process of what is deemed normal for girls and boys, both in their social and educational lives. Inequality, of gender, in the classroom is believed to be slowly decreasing but this is sti...

• Word Count: 2741
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Abstract The study was predominantly conduced to test the stroop hypothesis that the meaning of colour words interfere with the colour of words when they are written in different ink colour for the text meaning. ... The group was then put into another experimental condition where they had to read the colour of the text that was spelled in other words. ... The researcher constructed the independent variable by formulating a list of words for the stroop condition which were in coloured text and spelled using the names of colour words. ... The researcher individually took the group members in...

• Word Count: 2742
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Dickinson transcended not only poetry conventions of her time (by her free-verse, her particular use of punctuation and capitalization) but also epistolary ones, especially those for women, and the poems becomes the letter text (Tingle,2009). ... Erotic connotation of the poem However, even considering the simile between nature and poetry as the focusing point, the only words that precede verses in their original form of letter text can suggest a different interpretation of the whole poem: "You and I, didn't finish talking. ...

• Word Count: 2619
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Canterbury Tales is a collection of tales written by Geoffrey Chaucer published in 1475. The Canterbury Tales, as a whole, exhibit different social conventions of the Fourteenth Century and exploit them for being a kind of facade. The Clerk's Tale and The Franklin's Tale address the social convention of marriage with reference to the role of obedient women and conventional versus unconventional marriage. Furthermore, how obedience affects the quality and outcome of a marriage. Obedience will be defined as; "Compliance with an order, request, or law or submission to another&#...

• Word Count: 3668
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In beginning phonics classes reading texts consist of passages similar to this: Brad was a lad. ... Research concerning the identification of the predicators of children's future learning finds that the most powerful predictors of reading ability are 1) a preschooler's ability to recognize and name the letters of the alphabet, 2) their general knowledge about text, and 3) their awareness of phonemes. ...

• Word Count: 3094
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate