After a short introduction concerning the emergence of immunology I present the dominant models of the immune system (self/non-self opposition and danger theory), which symbolic representations as a way of defining self and other have influenced general notions of understanding individuality. ... The conclusion of this essay will focus on the need of rethinking the model of the immune system instead of deconstructing the - what has become a very strong and significant – category and the feminist theory role in this process. ... Already in 1921 Leo Loeb, a renowned American ...

• Word Count: 3282
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The interventions look through lenses of various theories to get a rational set of ideas that help explain a situation. Theories allow situations to be looked at in different ways according to different factors within the micro, mazzo, and macro systems. This paper explores interventions, views them through the lenses of various theories and examines how social work is actively involved through out the foster care system. Keywords: Foster care, KEEP, MTFC, empowerment theory, systems theory, resilience theory, strengths perspective, biopsychosocial approach Introduction An ideal environment ...

• Word Count: 2649
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Theory of Money and the Theory of Value The most important point to emerge from Marx's theory of money is the idea that money is a form of value. ... In the aggregate, for the total system of production (which of course exists only as an asymptotic abstract notion), these balance sheets and income statements exactly measure value in the sense of the labor theory of value. ... This is, in my view, the most important point in understanding Marx's theory of money. ... This aspect of the theory of money allows us to recognize Marx's theory in the reality we experience. ... ...

• Word Count: 5092
• Approx Pages: 20
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Most of the systems were purposely defensive in nature. ... Viewed in this manner, constructivism is both idealistic and structural, which makes constructivist theory a richer and more vibrant account of the structure of international relations than offered by Neorealismwhich ignores idealism in favor of naked structureor by Marxism or World Systems Theory, which ignore structure in favor of ideas. ... The theory is that norms and ideals of state behavior are embedded in the system. ... Interaction is structured by the embedded norms of the system. ... Second, how actors will behave is det...

• Word Count: 8200
• Approx Pages: 33
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Art leapt from viewable understanding straight into the Modern movement where theory became art, and to understand it, one must know the theory it is based upon. ... Essentially, artwork is not art because of theory, and art based on theory cannot be creative or truly said to be art. ... This art became Pop Art because it used sign systems and the like as its subjects. ... Theory spun the artists' brushes until the brushes could no longer create art themselves. The theory became art, and the art that would have been created through imagination and visualization became nothing, seen as...

• Word Count: 3402
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Merton has contributed some of the most influential theories on the issue of deviance. ... However, it was not until reading Emile Durkheim's theory of anomie that Merton decided to expand on his own theory of anomie. ... His theories have centered on understanding the deviant culture. ... Most of the attention was instead focused on his version of strain theory. Merton's anomie theory, eventually, drew attention and caused other theorists to draw on his theory of crime. ...

• Word Count: 3988
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This reinforces the capitalist system of the dominant and the oppressed, which creates social inequality. ... According to Conflict Theory, capitalist societies reproduce themselves through the transmission and the perpetuation of a dominant culture. ... The major theoretical paradigm of Conflict Theory and Feminist Theories will be used to critically examine the educational system of elementary schools with regards to the social reproduction of gender relations, which leads to inequality. ... Chapter One is an in-depth examination of the major theoretical paradigm of Conflict Theory in...

• Word Count: 4539
• Approx Pages: 18
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

These functions are divided into three parts: process functions, policy functions, and system functions. ... System functions create individual ideology, recruit leaders, and communicate government actions to the citizens. ... Modernization argues that there is a linear process that replaces traditional values and systems with modern Western ones and that all societies are ultimately headed toward democracy and free-market economies. ... The next grand theory is dependency theory. ... The last of the grand theories is the theory of newly industrializing countries (NIC theory). ...

• Word Count: 2676
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Diffusion of Innovation Theory There is a broadly accepted area of study which is appropriately named Diffusion of Innovation Theory (DOI theory). ... The theory traces the process by which a new idea or practice is communicated through certain channels over time among members of a social system. ... Their research was a key in putting DOI theory on the academic map and made researchers realize that it is a communication process. ... The main idea of this theory is that if you want other people to adopt or diffuse your ideas and innovation you need to do two things. ... Social system - a s...

• Word Count: 2781
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The answer to this question my be found in the ever growing theory of hygiene hypothesis. ... In the third edition of, "Microbiology - A Systems Approach (third ed.)... This genetic shift is represented in figure one, of Wills-Karp's 2001 Nature Review article, "The Germless Theory of Allergic Disease: Revisiting the Hygiene Hypothesis": Wills-Karp, M., (2001). OPINION: The Germless Theory Of Allergic Disease: Revisiting The Hygiene Hypothesis. ... Semmelweis's germ theory paved the way for clean technique in hospitals and clinics all over the world. ...

• Word Count: 3045
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In the sociology of deviance, the labelling theory of deviant behaviour is often used interchangeably with the societal reaction theory of deviancy. ... Labelling theory is constituted essentially by two propositions. ... Labelling theory is very complex, making it quite different than other theories. ... Labelling theory is also interested in the effect of labelling individuals. ... This theory was reinforced by E. ...

• Word Count: 3151
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Cognitive-Behavioral Theory, Reality Theory, and Gestalt Theory The first theory I have choose to write about is on Cognitive-Behavior. ... Two other theorists associated with the theory are Aaron Beck and Donald Meishenbaum. Beck who experienced fears and anxiety in his life decided to use his past to help him develop his theory. ... The role of the client is to understand that their belief system is wrong and they need to learn to come up with different patterns of thinking. ... The second theory I researched is reality therapy. ...

• Word Count: 4166
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Thus, the creation of new economic entities and organizations reduced the significance of existing traditional systems and gave way to new systems. ... The traditional terms for economic systems are limited to fixed systems and are not applicable to dynamic changes taking place in economies across the world. ... Hence the modern approach defines economic systems in terms of organizational features, which basically refers to the system of communication within groups. ... It is important to understand that the economic system of a country is the summation of other political, environmental a...

• Word Count: 4711
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to explain the works of Edwin Sutherland and his theory of differential association. The differential association theory depicts a relationship between a societal structure and criminal behavior. ... The culture conflict is one of the three major influences to Sutherland's Differential Association theory. ... When trying to devise the theory of differential association Sutherland referenced theories from when he was at the University of Chicago. The theories he chose to reference were the Cultural Transmission theory, Symbolic interactionism theory, ...

• Word Count: 5291
• Approx Pages: 21
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It may be that we will never be able to completely account for all of the factors determining the flight of our Frisbee, but it would be absurd for us to then conclude that the flight path is essentially random and that no causal laws governing it's flight can in theory be found. ... Therefor, if one could in theory be aware of all causes and understand the laws governing them, one could in theory predict all future events. ... The notion of freedom and free will do indeed seem to be imperiled by the notion of Determinism, but we must ask ourselves, "what is actually lost due to this...

• Word Count: 4380
• Approx Pages: 18
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Quantum mechanics is a theory which tries to describe, and predict the behavior of physical systems. The theory was originally designed to make predictions about the behavior of sub-microscopic systems, like atoms and electrons, but since even large-scale systems are composed of atoms, quantum mechanics necessarily comprises a fundamental physical theory--a theory which attempts (at least in principle) to offer as complete an account as can be had of the nature and behavior of physical systems. ... What are these scientific theories? ... If one has left this entire system to itself for an ho...

• Word Count: 3424
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In Social-Cognitive theory the mind contains schemas. ... In Good Will Hunting, Will Hunting was an abused child in the foster care system who suffered greatly from his pre-existing ideas in his mind. ... In Social-Cognitive theory the mind contains schemas. ... In "Good Will Hunting," Will Hunting was an abused child in the foster care system who suffered greatly from his pre-existing ideas in his mind. ... Since the very beginning of a developing personality theory it has been well recognized that there are inconsistencies in every individual's behavior. ...

• Word Count: 3241
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

A further aim is the stable co-evolution of man-made systems and ecosystems. ... * The third principle demands respect of the carrying capacity both of man-made systems and of ecosystems, to prevent the construction of still-born, hypertrophic man-made systems which drag ecosystems down towards their destruction... * The ninth principle, that of cultural heritage, is interested in the stable continuation of man-made systems and the qualitative (spiritual) character of development... * The eleventh principle, that of the aesthetic value of nature, also serves qualitative development and t...

• Word Count: 5235
• Approx Pages: 21
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Free investment for free trade is a widely miss-conceptualized aspect of free world trade systems. ... Neo- liberal theory is consistent all through capitalism because a free global market conducts the accumulation wealth. The theory has a record of improving prosperity and technology. ... Neoliberalism updated from an entity of economic theory and the unregulated capitalist system. ... The dominant theory of contemporary capitalism and capital accumulation allows for the rising standards of living in the population. ...

• Word Count: 2557
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This paper will first focus on the diversity and power of some of the weapons of mass destruction, then I will focus on the origins of military doctrine, specifically the command and control systems for launching any weapon of mass destruction. ... Countries that have had weapons of mass destruction for some time have a system of checks and balances to ensure that not just one person has total control over the weapons. These countries have had years of practice and experience in order to fine their own command and control systems. ... With this section I will briefly identify three competing...

• Word Count: 2636
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In his view, Lenin stated that the economic and political struggle of the working class can transform half-hearted and hypocritical 'reforms' under the existing system into strong-points for an advancing working class movement on the road towards the victory of socialism. ... He strengthens this argument by stating in his conflict theory that, without conflict, there never can be change and that conflict is a major ingredient for change. ... Durkheim's theory can be likened to the human body which is one cohesive group of organs with different functions. ... In interpreting cha...

• Word Count: 3485
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

By 1912 he had completed his first major work, Theory of Money and Credit. ... In the Theory of Money and Credit, Mises tried to integrate all parts of the economic system, which had previously been separated. ... The increase begins at one point in the economic system and prices will only rise as the new money spreads in ripples throughout the economy. ... Hayek was eventually awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1974 for work on the Trade Cycle Theory. This Nobel Prize for Hayak was an end result of what began in Mises The Theory of Money and C...

• Word Count: 2749
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Instaplast is an Integrated Management System that fully complies with any international management system. ... We have developed internal HACCP control system audited by major multinationals offering full compliance to food safety standards. ... Theories, Frameworks and Evidence There are many different theories and frameworks that I can relate with my business in order to understand the business further, one of the theories that I believe that applies to this business is the systems theory. In the systems theory, the family business is modeled into three different sections such as family, ma...

• Word Count: 2525
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

A society's legal system is based on this premise, and therefore a violation of acceptable conduct is a violation of the laws of that society. ... Lombroso's theory did bring with it positive advances in criminology, however. ... Another, less deterministic biological theory of human antisocial behaviour was offered by Eysenck (1977). ... A problem which has been suggested with Eysenck's theory is that of EEG readings, which are used to display cortical arousal. ... Other research (Zuckerman,1969) has suggested that in fact, "sensation seekers" have a more active central nervo...

• Word Count: 2818
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It was this promise to historically situate postmodernism in relation to transformations in the capitalist system and the development of global multinational capital that, for many like myself who at once embraced aspects of postmodern theory whilst remaining critical of its often ambiguous political stance, was probably the single most significant aspect of Jameson's theory. At the same time, however, the precise nature of the relationship between postmodernism as a cultural phenomenon and late capitalism as a system was left somewhat under-theorized and, for myself a...

• Word Count: 4016
• Approx Pages: 16
• Grade Level: Undergraduate