Standardized Tests: Inaccurate and Unfair Evaluations While previous generations of American students have had to sit through tests, never have the tests been given so frequently and never have they played such a prominent role in schooling (Kohn 1). ... However, standardized tests are inaccurate and unfair evaluations. ... "Smith and Rottenberg report (1991) that mandated testing at the elementary school level results in (a) reduced time for instruction, (b) neglect of non-tested curriculum content, and (c) increased use of test-like preparation materials" (Lomax, et al. 1). ... Teache...

• Word Count: 1014
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

China used these tests in order to test the knowledge of citizens who were applying for leadership job positions. ... (Dan Fetcher) Standardized testing developed into an accessible way to test a considerable amount of student's knowledge about what they have been taught throughout the school year. ... In view of the fact that standardized test are becoming more involved in today's society students are developing into stage that is causing severe stress due to all of the standardized test because of the mandatory passing score credits this has increased authorized grade retention,...

• Word Count: 1089
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Although researchers have depended on animal test data to achieve medical advances, there should be other means of research because testing on animals is cruel, inhumane, and often unnecessary. ... They also stress that animal research holds the key for answers to AIDS, cancer, heart disease, aging and inherited defects. ... We can learn a lot from treating animals that are already sick or injured in testing new life-saving drugs and surgical method. ... Animal tests for the safety of cosmetics, household products and chemicals are the least reasonable. ... Five hundred thousand to one million...

• Word Count: 784
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Some parents are dissatisfied with the quality and lack of responsiveness of schools, and home schooling provides them with a chance to initiate their ideas about education, and to test their own teaching skills. ... "This may be why home-schooled children generally score quite well on standardized tests, averaging between the sixty-fifth and ninetieth percentiles" (Sadker). ... Some home schooling families operate like small versions of conventional schools, with textbooks and tests and traditional grades. ... A problem often stressed is that students are all very different. ... Some of the m...

• Word Count: 1479
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Allowing people to frequent prostitutes would lower their stress levels, lowering the risk for heart attack and high blood pressure, and lowering the risk for domestic violence. ... Certain policies would require a staff of several doctors to administer tests for sexually transmitted diseases to all prostitutes before they are hired, and to all patrons who choose to make use of these prostitutes. If someone tests positive for having a sexually transmitted disease, they would be rejected, unless a doctor approves of additional protection as being adequate. ...

• Word Count: 756
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The industry has always been quick to exploit the less than conclusive results of animal tests, especially in fields such as onconlogy. ... All of the chemicals mentioned above had been tested on different animals prior to their use on the soldiers. Nevertheless, the animal tests were evidently not able to prevent the Gulf War veterans and their children from becoming the real guinea pigs. ... Moreover, animal tests have a dubious record in predicting useful drugs to combat the effects of a stroke. ... Researchers at the University of Gottingen stress the importance of human tissue since "ther...

• Word Count: 2170
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The best-known test that claims to measure academic aptitude is the Scholastic Aptitude Test. ... If the test measures things that are taught in school, that is usually a sufficient rationale for its content, but test like the Stanford- Binet and the Scholastic Aptitude test also try to test skills to include therefore involves inane direct way. ... The tests are also methodological bias. ... Standardized tests as well as other tests can lead to prediction bias. ... In subsequent years, conflicts over school governance and intractable problems of poverty led some educators to focus on vari...

• Word Count: 2753
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Lots of women are eager to see a "+" or "yes" on their pregnancy test, but some may never be able to experience that moment. ... Most can be prevented but a few are irreversible if you change your lifestyle and health such as alcohol, athletic training, being overweight or underweight, health problems, poor diet, sexually transmitted diseases, stress and smoking tobacco but one cannot be reversed no matter how many lotions and botox you try, age. ... Finding out if a woman is ovulating can also be figured out by doing simple blood work or by performing an ultrasound on the...

• Word Count: 1586
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

These newly positioned females were revolutionary from the normal female employees of 1974- they underwent the exact rigorous physical training regimen and instruction that the male officers did, and passed the same physical tests that the male officers did. ... This can be seen as an obvious inequality of roles in the new family structure that needs to make an effort to become shared as society realizes the amount of stress resulting from the load of tasks put on a woman who is a part of a family. ... Furthermore, if this female soldier is dedicated to serving her country, she is willing to...

• Word Count: 1903
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

These newly positioned females were revolutionary from the normal female employees of 1974- they underwent the exact rigorous physical training regimen and instruction that the male officers did, and passed the same physical tests that the male officers did. ... This can be seen as an obvious inequality of roles in the new family structure that needs to make an effort to become shared as society realizes the amount of stress resulting from the load of tasks put on a woman who is a part of a family. ... Furthermore, if this female soldier is dedicated to serving her country, she is willing to...

• Word Count: 1908
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Initial-illness phase deals with the stress of uncertainty of undiagnosed conditions and the emotional battle at the beginning of recovering from an injury. ... The studies had a variety of different tests to get their statistics. Some of the tests were questionnaires which leads me to believe that these tests could have been given at any time rather then at the certain phases of recovery like the initial or rehabilitation phase. I believe to truly get accurate results tests would have to be given verbally and within a short period of time after each phase to allow an athlete to really express...

• Word Count: 1804
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Therefore, the distinction between the two appears to be extremely well defined by stating that it is determined by scientific data and testing. ... As long as scientific testing fails to prove the theory wrong, the theory still stands, until there is evidence to refute it. ... On the other hand, if testing of a treatment does not work, more than the probability of chance, then it would be viewed as quackery. ... The population is also looking for new ways to cope with the increasing stress in their lives from various stimuli. ... Acupuncture theory relies solely on the existence of an energy ...

• Word Count: 3400
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Finally, the Classical School of Criminology stresses that the punishment should fit the crime committed. ... Secondly, the positive school relies strictly on the use of empirical methods to test hypothesis. ... Sutherland stressed that criminal behaviour is learned through interaction with others. ... Unlike differential association, containment theory stresses the importance of the personalized feelings of youth rather than their association. ...

• Word Count: 2056
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Working families face many pressures that put an added stress on the individual, the family, and the company for which they work. ... The "Holding a Job, Having a Life: Strategies for Change- 2001 study by the Work Institute of America points out that employee-driven solutions help reduce overtime, stress, and workloads, and increase flexibility and family and leisure time. Scientists agree that in moderate amounts stress can be benign, even beneficial, and most people are equipped to deal with it. However, increasing levels of stress can rapidly lead to low employee morale, poor productivi...

• Word Count: 4439
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Additionally, tens or perhaps hundreds of thousands of non-drug offenders on probation or parole are imprisoned or re-imprisoned each year for nothing more than testing positive for drug use or an arrest for simple drug possession (Brownsberger, Aromaa 2001) Treatment has broad and growing public support and a recent survey by Peter Hart Research Associates found that more than 60 percent of voters favor providing treatment rather than prison time for people convicted of drug possession or selling small amounts of drugs (Hart 2002). ... A report by the Drug Policy Alliance (DPA) asserts, "[e...

• Word Count: 2815
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

At the time, China possessed only a fraction of nuclear weapons in their arsenal and first tested their nuclear weapons only five years prior to the Zhenbao Island incident. ... The stress and deep suspicions that the USSR would use the border altercations as a "smokescreen" for a nuclear "sneak attack" (Gussack, 2011) was well known in the international community, but some officials believed this was a ruse to strengthen Sino-Soviet relations and weaken the United States' global influence. ...

• Word Count: 1275
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

James Otis The Revolutionary War brought out dynamic personalities of men, which have made freedom a reality for us. One such man was James Otis who had a sincere concern for liberty and who believed in man's singular sovereignty, while publicly guarding against the practice of absolutism in government found in England under the rule of Charles II and James II. Otis argued that every man lived in a state of nature and was subjected to laws "engraved in his hearts."" He warned the new king Charles II that his usage owas for the most part destructive to his citizens at home and with ...

• Word Count: 2505
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

An online article by Thomas Murray (2008) expresses the reasons that PED should, under no circumstances be permitted in sport even with medical guidance for reasons such as: sport is a test of natural talent and the use of PED makes the meaning to competitive sport meaningless and void and the fact that previous records set by athletes without the use of PED would be shattered and the legacies of previous naturally talented sporting heroes who did no use PED would be left behind by unnaturally talented athletes whose performance is not a result of immense dedication as was that of the previous...

• Word Count: 4945
• Approx Pages: 20
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

While females traditionally outscore males on standardized tests of verbal skills and males outperform females on mathematical skills, males who have experienced family disruption generally score higher on verbal aptitude. ... As their partner disengages from the relationship, they often experience trauma, loss, stress, anger, and ambivalence. ... Researchers only noted that there is a small difference among children in two-parent families and single-parent families on decreases of standardized tests of intelligence and academic achievement when socioeconomic circumstances are controlled. ...

• Word Count: 2097
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Tests show that media violence can increases aggressive behaviors in some people and it can have no effect on others. ... Researchers from Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital both conducted tests on violent video games and prove that this statement can be accepted to be true. ... With the advances in technology with smart phones, digital tablets, and online social networks, the entertainment industry is stressing the development of the more popular themed games for the new gamers of today. ...

• Word Count: 1930
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Some hospitals are testing and replacing their own equipment for Y2K compliance to alleviate the financial strain of using an outside source. ... Also, Jim Wagner, Chief Information Officer of the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, stated that the position of its hospitals is to test all pieces of equipment that could possibly be life threatening. ...

• Word Count: 7430
• Approx Pages: 30
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Democracy in Iraq: A Memo to President Bush In the post-Saddam Iraq, the greatest objective for the United States is that of creating a democratic government that will be able to stand the test of time and the weight of sustaining its people. ... In order to perhaps ease this tension, U.S. international policy needs to emphasize liberation over occupation, and stress that the goals of this project are human rights and freedoms, not U.S. domination. ...

• Word Count: 1711
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Throughout this essay Madison stressed his argument of the national government having endless power in things such as levying money, borrowing money, dealing with foreign relations, regulating interstate commerce, entering treaties etc. ... Hamilton was strongly opinionated to believing that the real test of a government was its tendency and aptitude to produce a well working administration. ...

• Word Count: 1599
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

So far the Google Driverless Cars, the most popular autonomous cars in the United States, have been tested by Google Inc. over 300,000 miles on the city streets, mountain roads, and busy highways in many different weather conditions. ... If the automakers are responsible for the accident, they will have more stress as they are not just designing the autonomous cars but also operating them. ...

• Word Count: 2146
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In the months leading up to the recent 2012 presidential election, there was an issue that was all over the news because of the impact that it would have at the polls. That issue was Voter ID laws--laws that are put in place by states which would require voters to show some type of identification be...

• Word Count: 2997
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate