After these instances Sutherland started to examine society more and more, he was constantly evaluating what was acceptable behavior and what was not (Sutherland, 1924). ... Sutherland along with Thornsten Sellin developed a research for the Social Science Council to make criminology more socially structured (Sutherland, 1924). They derived at a theory called "culture conflict" which suggest the different values and different views between different social groups in a society on what is acceptable behavior is what causes crime ( Sellin, 1964). ... An individual may believe through...

• Word Count: 5291
• Approx Pages: 21
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

During this period of time, I became particularly aware of the rules and boundaries, set by adults and peers alike, that the children often encounter when attempting to frame their interactions in an acceptable way. To simply walk up to a group of children and ask them to play in a friendly manner represents only a minuscule factor of social development. ... The internalization of formal rules is one facet of social development to which adults assign great significance. ... A pattern of behavior emerges as the self-organization continues, becoming more and more stable over time (Thelen, 199...

• Word Count: 6491
• Approx Pages: 26
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

A psychoanalytic approach would indicate that Will's behavior was from his subconscious mind; that his behavior was caused by the impulses from his childhood experiences. ... In Social-Cognitive theory the mind contains schemas. ... Children who grow up in an abusive home witness violent behavior and learn that this behavior is not only an acceptable method for dealing with anger, yet the only way to deal with anger. ... Humans cannot change their thoughts-they can only change the behavior that is brought out from the thought itself. ... In Social-Cognitive theory the mind contains schema...

• Word Count: 3241
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Recently, all social and environmental problems or issues have become important and crucial aspects for every business enterprise. ... Consequently, entrepreneurial activity has always borne a pronounced responsibility for social development and Corporate Social Responsibility provides an intelligent way to combine economically viable development, social responsibility and conservation of natural resources1 There is no universally acceptable definition for CSR since there are many elaborated variants nevertheless, it can be described in several ways and some of the concepts I found more accur...

• Word Count: 2852
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Teachers and students frequently associate academic achievement with social acceptability, therefore, they view students with learning disabilities (or other disabilities for that matter) as less capable, both academically and socially, than non-disabled students, even in areas in which they are improving. ... General educators, especially those teaching within an inclusive environment, need to be more aware of the characteristics of children with disabilities and the nature of their educational, social, and emotional requirements. Increased awareness and attitudinal change on the part of educ...

• Word Count: 3532
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Birch rod, whippings, and other bodily assaults were commonly used to punish children for behavioral and scholastic infractions (Arias 1962). ... In this way, children are inflicted pain in response to child's undesirable behavior and or speaking of inappropriate language. ... Regardless of the fact that child abuse has been scrutinized as a foremost social problem for the last two decades, a single acknowledged and tolerable definition simply does not exist. ... Children are now controlled by various institutions of the state, for example, schools, social agencies, and courts; now...

• Word Count: 3156
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Psychology Final Chapter 13 - Stress, Coping, and Health * The biopsychosocial model holds that physical illness is caused by a complex interaction of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors * Health psychology is concerned with how psychosocial factors relate to the promotion and maintenance of health and with the causation, prevention, and treatment of illness * Stress is any circumstance that threaten or are perceived to threaten one's well being and that thereby tax one's coping abilities * Frustration occurs in situations where the pursuit of some goal is t...

• Word Count: 3108
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The constructivist approach is defined in terms of the philosophical underpinnings of the approach and the scientific/social scientific premises that highlight this social theory of international relations. ... This strand of liberalism holds that democracy will rarely engage in conflictual behavior with one another. ... Theories are supposed to provide viable options that are competitive in their ambition to explain a phenomenon or to provide a means of predicting future behavior and outcomes. ... The implication of this definition for social science is that theory should allow us to make p...

• Word Count: 8200
• Approx Pages: 33
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This kick starts the gender stereotypes into gear and thus begins the thought process of what is deemed normal for girls and boys, both in their social and educational lives. ... Great differences can be found in gender communication in our personal, social, academic and family lives on regular basis. ... A girl could be good at Math, but because of the typical stereotyping of boys are good at math and science this may have created under-achievement in girls at school or changed the course of their chosen work field and made them direct their attention toward a field, which is conside...

• Word Count: 2741
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In social learning theory Albert Bandura (1977) states behavior is learned from the environment through the process of observational learning.   ... The six observations have recorded G's behavior and determined whether or not it has had an effect on her development; particularly her social development and her ability to interact with her peers and adults outside of her home environment. ... He introduced various elements that later composed foundations for applied behavior analysis and behavior therapy. ... Bandura suggests that children learn behaviors and concepts through interaction ...

• Word Count: 4078
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Unfortunately, all social-scientific viewpoints are overridden, by a larger cultural ethos that agrees with the disease viewpoint. ... Social Science Research Many experts believe that loosing control over drinking is as much psychological as it is physiological. ... The most powerful predictor of drinking problems from Cahalan and Room (1994) was not social background, however, but current social environment. ... When they are given an alcoholic beverage that they believe is alcohol-free, their drinking behavior is similar to that of non-dependent alcohol persons. ... Alcohol-Induced Di...

• Word Count: 2875
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Pornography use has had harmful effects on marriages and result in divorces and breakdowns in families and other social relationships. ... Generally producers of sexual explicit material condone deviant sexual attitudes and behaviors. Access to Pornographic Materials and Effects on Sexual Attitudes and Behaviors on Individuals Our access to pornographic material has definitely led to an increase in deviant sexual attitudes and behaviors. ... The pornography addicts regard marriage as sexually confining, place little importance on marital faithfulness and become increasingly doubtful about the...

• Word Count: 3014
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Only in recent years, however, have social cultural influences been identified as determinants of marketing behavior, revealing marketing as a cultural as well as economic phenomenon. ... On the social level a culture gives humans a way to organize themselves. Social culture involves kinship and family. ... (2) Social classes... (7) Consumer behavior. ...

• Word Count: 2745
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Other effective methods in treating alcoholism are pharmacotherapy, behavioral method and self help manuals. ... Family matters and social responsibilities become secondary worries to his/her primary concern for existence, which is drinking (Stephens, 2007). ... Adhering to abstinence, according to AA, is ultimately linked to the kind of social network surrounding the recovering alcoholic. If the patient has an increased social network in both quality and size, and if the network is altogether supportive, it is possible to achieve the goal of abstaining from alcohol use (Borkman, Kaskutas, &um...

• Word Count: 2703
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Great Britain, Sweden, Finland, Holland, and the World Health Organization extensively documented large and often increasing gaps in health status and social and economic parity. ... Gunning-Schepers and Stronks (1999) note "differences in health between social groups, defined by class, educational level, income or professional status have been recorded in every country that has carried out research and have not visibly diminished despite social policies such as universal access to health care, greater access to educational opportunities, occupational health efforts, or reductions in income in...

• Word Count: 3543
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Then there are unwritten rules that determine acceptable and normative behavior with any particular police department. ... Career success and progression influence officer behavior. ... Unethical behavior is largely a product of the everyday practices within an organization. ...

• Word Count: 2665
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Some of these modalities include: Multisystemic Therapy, chemical castration, mindfulness and relaxation techniques, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. ... It seems to be a constant debate distinguishing normal acceptable sexual behaviors and experimentation/exploration, in comparison to victimization (Kalogerakis, 1992). ... The onset of sexual offending behaviors have been linked to prior experiences, exposure, and/or developmental deficits (Hunter, 1999; Kalogerakis, 1992). ... Social and interpersonal skills and relationships of juvenile sexual offenders, have also been noted important. ...

• Word Count: 8141
• Approx Pages: 33
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

These are large and disturbing numbers that may go well beyond the comfort zone of statistical limitations in terms of its behavioral influence on social structures and adult relationships. ... Purpose of Bullying The purpose of bullying in its adolescent form is for a bully to destroy confidence, abuse normally acceptable social rules of engagement, and instill anxiety, fright, terror, panic, and flight in its victims. ... Higher percentages of teachers regarded bullying-like behaviors (indirect and ambiguous) as bullying than students. ... The concern of many researchers, teachers, and pr...

• Word Count: 3653
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The various causes of employee theft are explored, from employee personality characteristics, to the social environment, to flaws in the organization's control system. ... Hollinger and Clark (1983) discussed five general causes of theft: (1) economic pressure (e.g., people steal from the company because they have financial problems), (2) demographics (e.g., people steal because they come from an identifiable group that has a propensity to steal), (3) opportunity (e.g., all people will steal if they are given the chance), (4) attitudinal (e.g., people steal because they are dissatisfied w...

• Word Count: 6022
• Approx Pages: 24
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Despite its controversial nature, this condition influences directly on individuals' quality of life and requires special accommodations in private, educational and social settings. ... As the disorder influences directly the social life of an individual, ADHD must meet criteria of Other Health Impaired (OHI) under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). ... Effects of ADHD on Youth in Urban Settings ADHD strongly impacts a person's social life. ...

• Word Count: 4508
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Despite its controversial nature, this condition influences directly on individuals' quality of life and requires special accommodations in private, educational and social settings. ... As the disorder influences directly the social life of an individual, ADHD must meet criteria of Other Health Impaired (OHI) under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). ... Effects of ADHD on Youth in Urban Settings ADHD strongly impacts a person's social life. ...

• Word Count: 4508
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

These acts are only considered criminal because society seeks to regulate these particular types of behavior and argues that they are illegal. ... Similarly, the marijuana problem could be a conscious response to social conditions. ... Edwin Sutherland's concept of differential association argues that criminal behavior is learned in small groups (Sacco and Kennedy, 2002). Another theory asserts that certain criminals are born into environments that tend to generate criminal behavior including extreme poverty or minority groups (Sacco and Kennedy, 2002). ... Specifically, the current p...

• Word Count: 2766
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The factors that lead to rebellion including discrimination, social class, ethics and free will are thoroughly worked upon to investigate whether rebellion is a justified act of subversive behavior or not. ... It was found that the oppressed population explicit rebellious behavior more but are unfortunately dealt with negative consequences that deters the act of rebellion to be acted upon in attempts to bring about a change in the community in areas of discrimination and injustice. ... Social class plays an important role in India; social class decides who can love who, who can chose what occu...

• Word Count: 4267
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In the article, "Effects of Violent Video Games on Aggressive Behavior, Aggressive Cognition, Aggressive Affect, Physiological Arousal, and Prosocial Behavior: A Meta-Analytic Review of the Scientific Literature," it's stated that the leaders of the video-gaming industry denying any link between playing video games and acts of violence. ... This may cause the person playing the video game to activate schemas that may alter the way information is processed in the brain, and lead to more antisocial activities, rather than pro-social behaviors. ... (Sheese and Graziano 356) This study is con...

• Word Count: 2773
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Like the physical traits, the extent of the behavioral traits ranges from mild to severe. ... Although some of these characteristics seem common in toddler age children the regularity and extent of the behavior or behaviors is a sign that something is wrong, whether or not the problem is Fragile X. ... Consistency in teaching procedures and in behavior management, both at home and at school, is vitally important. ... Since the suggestion that approximately 1 in 2,000 males are affected with the Fragile X syndrome a profile of specific physical characteristics, social and emotional beha...

• Word Count: 2530
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate