In both The Prince and The Discourses, Machiavelli firmly opposed the ambitions of the papacy, emperor, and foreign rulers who created chaos in Italy. ... Machiavelli viewed religion as a useful instrument for princes to rule a civilized state. ... In "Friendly Admonition to Peace," Luther supported the peasants' declaration of the injustices done to them by the princes, their rulers. Luther substantiated this because the princes did not rule under God's word when they did not allow the peasants the right to hear the gospel or choose their pastors. ...

• Word Count: 1464
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Elizabeth faced many problems on her accession to the throne in 1558. Her country was bitterly divided between Catholics and Protestants, she faced war Scotland and France, potential civil unrest from the common people, her treasury was nearly bankrupt and on top of all this most people in England ...

• Word Count: 923
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In the first half of the 16th century, Western Europe experienced a wide range of social, artistic and geographically political changes that created conflict within the Holy Roman Empire. This conflict is called the Protestant Reformation, a religious and political movement that gave birth to Prote...

• Word Count: 2755
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

What were Martin Luthers Criticisms of the Roman Catholic Church? Discuss the Impact these Criticisms had on Europe in the 16th Century. Martin Luther (1483-1546) was a German theologian who dared to challenge the Roman Catholic Church and consequently had a massive impact on Europe in the 16th ...

• Word Count: 1101
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

He was a theologically conversant, a humanistically trained prince with facility in Latin who both read and wrote theological works and discussed them with his counsellors, and who attended mass daily. ...

• Word Count: 1169
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

During the Middle Ages, the Catholic Church was "the most powerful institution to be found anywhere in Europe." (Crompton 9) Prior to the Protestant Reformation, the Catholic Church affected almost every aspect of daily life and was once the highest power in all of Europe. The Catholic Church was ab...

• Word Count: 1465
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate