Many countries adopted the political borders drawn by previous colonial powers. ... For example, during the 1970s and 1980s, the nations of the OAU pledged to remain neutral in Cold War politics. Also they have pressured South Africa to end the Apartheid system, and a major achievement was the settlement of boundary disputes among member nations. ... Also the wavering world economy as well as political and ethnic conflict negatively affected African nations. ... When governments could not relive the pressure on housing and food shortages, many people turned to a strict practice of Islam or so...

• Word Count: 1241
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The findings of this study show that broadcasting - radio in particular - has become the dominant news source for the nation, an effective instrument of propaganda for the government and a powerful influence in the political, social, economic and cultural life of the Zambian people. ... CHAPTER TWO: traces and summarizes the political background of Zambia and examines the British government's policy on Colonial Broadcasting before the Second World War. ... Communication scholars were being attracted to study development problems in education, agriculture, politics and family planning. Th...

• Word Count: 8649
• Approx Pages: 35
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

State Formation  Ever since the boundaries of Africa were drawn up in 1884/5, very little has changed in terms of the continent's territorial divisions. Much has been made of the fact that the post-colonial states which constitute Africa were the products of colonial demarcations, and whose territories are not congruent to existing political and ethnic organizations. ... Civil Structure and Society  While the issues related to state boundaries and sovereignty can explain some of the problems which afflict post-colonial Africa, these alone cannot account for the dysfunctional nature of s...

• Word Count: 1713
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Civilizations of the classical era experienced a proliferation of geographical and political growth due to a cultivated understanding of government and social structure. ... In contrast to Confucius and al-Farabi, Indian political advisor Kautilya adopted a more pessimistic view of human nature. ... He describes fortresses on the outside of the kingdom as well as in the center of 1410 villages, which is suggestive of anticipated attacks: "There shall be constructed in the extremities of the kingdom forts manned by boundary-guards whose duty shall be to guard the entrances into the kingdom...

• Word Count: 931
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Nationalism is a political doctrine based on the principle that the boundaries between a nation and state should agree. ... During the 20th century, the political geography of much of the world was transformed by anti colonialism. ...

• Word Count: 1337
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Colonization of Africa by European countries has had an engrossing impact on the continent. From bringing in diseases to establishing key infrastructure, colonialism has created this everlasting effect that still has a significant influence on African societies today. The issue of race, however, can...

• Word Count: 2491
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Leopold knew how to control and manipulate people in powerful political positions, and hastily used this maneuvering as a way to cause very little investigation. ... George Washington Williams led a profound and interesting life, which broke many boundaries at the time regarding African Americans. ...

• Word Count: 1129
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Conclusion Introduction to Africa The Continent of Africa is made up of diverse ethnic groups and culture that if we were to demarcate a boundary for each group they will be so compacted together making it hard to read. ... Religious and forcible political domination became manifest at the same moment (Haase, 1978). ... In other words, when the group arrives at the stage of ritual-political administration of the society, it can start begetting, and the dominance of the father is expelled through ritual circumcision that removes the prepuce, and one's father calmly passes on to the sac...

• Word Count: 2773
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate