1. Bryophytes and ferns
Bryophytes are some of the oldest and most primitive plants still extant on earth, and since they are unable to utilize xylem and phloem like vascular plants to transport water, food, and minerals throughout the plant body, they must remain small and live in a very moist environment ( Shaw et al 2003). ... They share many common features of aquatic algae and other simple plant-like water organisms, as well as precursors to the more evolved land plants such as the gymnosperms and angiosperms. ... Seedless vascular plants are still a primitive form compared to our modern flowering plants, a...
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