In 1929 Wallace Thurman and William Jourden Rapp collaborated on a popular play, "Harlem". ... The African-American musical-comedies that showed there became popular very quickly. ... In Harlem, jazz music was extremely popular and influential. One of the most popular ideas was the way to play the piano called "stride piano". ... Many cities like to take credit for the formation of Jazz, but historians have concluded that Jazz was most influential during the Harlem Renaissance. ...

• Word Count: 824
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Popular culture materials and commercial images are also very valuable tools for exploring the cultural constructs that framed the lives and experiences of African-American women. Because popular and commercial materials were created and disseminated to large segments of American culture, they served both to reflect and to perpetuate a range of race, gender, and class stereotypes and/or fears. Popular images of African-American women can be found in a variety of forms such as advertisements, postcards, calendars, letterhead, popular art work, sheet music, post cards, greeting cards, and other ...

• Word Count: 1267
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Some of the most popular artist was Palmer Hayden, James Van Der Zee, Lois Mailou Jones, and William H. ... James Van Der Zee (1889-1983) was the most popular African-American photographer of that time. ...

• Word Count: 783
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Celluloid Alamo claims that "[m]ovies provide a looking glass through which historians can observe the popular mood of the audience.... The leader of these crows is named Jim Crow, a popular racial epithet for African Americans. In keeping with the popular portrayals of Jim Crow at the time, this crow wears tattered clothing. ... Perhaps the most notable characteristic is their accent. ... I grew up in Chicago, Illinois, one of the most segregated cities in the United States. ...

• Word Count: 1585
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Alan Freeman took few of the most obvious and visible examples from some of the most famous Supreme Court cases and split them into two perspectives. ... Full denial of the facts in hand had been clearly ignored by most people. ... In one of the most noted cases of Firefighters vs. ... They were designed to govern movement, marriage, work relations, and most major aspects of freed person's life. ... A lot of private firms and individuals sponsored these cases, demonstrations were also popular, riots, political scandals, affirmative action, Martin Luther King were all examples of how both...

• Word Count: 793
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The basis of the argument for the most part, debates the goal(s) of AA. ... A Brief History of AA in the United States of American Contrary to popular belief, the concept of AA actually began prior to the executive order signed by President John F. ... In my opinion, the initial and most significant policy or law relative to AA was Amendment XIII to the Constitution. ... This forum of mass and popular media brought about an all time public knowledge of racial injustices. ...

• Word Count: 1643
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

One difference is that while Native American dance and music remains popular within the Native population at Pow-wows and other similar events, it has not influenced popular culture that much. African American music roots, however have led to many popular music revolutions. ...

• Word Count: 2111
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

But the most affluent event in Detroit history was the immigration and migration boom and the industrial explosion that followed. ... The development of Church as the basis of African American culture is one of the most significant factors in the developments of African American community in Detroit. ... A popular saying in Detroit when speaking of negative aspects of society goes, "not in my neighborhood " This is the mentality that has composed Detroit since the early twentieth century. ...

• Word Count: 932
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Although Asians and Asian Americans have been present on American television screens for decades, [1] few television series have featured Asian or Asian Americans in starring roles. Kung Fu (Warner Bros, ABC, 1972-1975), starring David Carradine as Kwai-Chang Caine, featured a white American actor ...

• Word Count: 9463
• Approx Pages: 38
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

I would argue that the attempts to squelch Ebonics are Euro-Centrism at its worst and most vehement. ... On the other hand, it is equally important to understand that students who do not have access to the politically popular dialect form in this country, are less likely to succeed economically than their peers who do. ...

• Word Count: 825
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Most white southerners claimed that the blacks that won office during Reconstruction were incapable of running the government. ... Tilden competed in one of the most controversial presidential elections in History. Rutherford lost the popular vote, however, he won the electoral vote. ... The sudden changes in political power in the South rendered useless most of the legislation that Radical Republicans had passed through Congress. ...

• Word Count: 1018
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Paul Robeson was known as "a shy kid, who did everything well, but preferred to keep in the background" (Wright 14), but Paul would not be known as "shy" later in his life, for he would grow up to become one of the most influential African American figures of the 20th century. ... Robeson's most highly praised performance was the play Show Boat where people of all ethnicities fell in love with his voice as he sang a popular tune by the name of Ol' Man River (Contemporary Black Biography). ...

• Word Count: 990
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Ferguson court case ordered separate but equal accommodations for black and white Americans, however, in most situations, the separated facilities were like night and day. ... Regardless of the laws, most of the time the freedom riders were received with brutality. ... Contrary to popular belief, the fight for civil rights is not over. ...

• Word Count: 1230
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Civil Rights Movement, which took place in the 1950's, is widely considered one of the most pivotal movements towards seeking equality for a minority group against a majority group in this country's history. ... Most basically, Civil Rights are defined as "a class of rights that protect individual's freedoms, especially as applied to an individual or a minority group," they are further defined within the Civil Rights Act of 1964. ... Clearly displaying the parallelism between the two movements on a most basic level, however, this issue far surpasses a dictionary de...

• Word Count: 1532
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Republican platform specifically pledged not to extend slavery, "that the normal condition of all the territory of the United States is that of freedom; that as our Republican fathers, when they had abolished slavery in all our national territory" and "that in the recent vetoes by the federal governors of the acts of the Legislatures of Kansas and Nebraska, prohibiting slavery in those territories, we find a practical illustration of the boasted democratic principle of non-intervention and popular sovereignty, embodied in the Kansas-Nebraska bill, and a demonstration of the ...

• Word Count: 937
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Black Psychology Black psychology in itself is a rich existing area field. Although many argue that it does not exist, the reality is different. Black psychology is as defined by Karenga "...essentially the science that systematically studies behavior in its relationship to the complexity of men...

• Word Count: 1274
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In literature, especially, most schools no longer emphasize the traditional canon of works and authors, but are instead teaching the literature of a wide variety of cultures. ... The interstate highways that spread across the continent in the late 1960s, the electronic media that by the mid-1950s could bounce television and radio signals from coast to coast, brought on waves of consolidation and conformity in popular and literary culture: the same TV shows, music, food, consumer goods, and housing. ...

• Word Count: 905
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Langston Hughes, a man of many things Langston Hughes is a standout amongst the most surely understood African American artist and short story authors in our nation today. ... One of those such men was James Smethurst with his writings titled, "The Adventures of a Social Poet: Langston Hughes from the Popular Front to Black Power.... Langston Hughes may have exceptionally well been one of the world's most remarkable Negro creators of the twentieth century, yet on the other hand nobody is immaculate; everybody has imperfections. ... As I stated before for most African Americans Langst...

• Word Count: 1762
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Langston Hughes was one of the most prominent poets of his era and his works are still read and studied today. ... Two of the most popular narratives of that era were Douglass's "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass: An American Slave" and Harriet Jacob's "Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl." ...

• Word Count: 1560
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Popular groups during the movement such as Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) and The Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) were some of the several groups who fought for racial equality and raised awareness. Yet, by 1961, most of the goals of these earlier protests still had not been realized. High levels of black unemployment, work that offered most African Americans only minimal wages and poor job mobility, systematic disenfranchisement of many African Americans, and the persistence of racial segregation in the South prompted discussions about a large-scale march for political an...

• Word Count: 1633
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Gender discrimination prevented most women from participating in areas traditionally dominated by men, and basketball was no exception. ... Players are remembered for their missed shots, letting their team down when needed most, and most important their weaknesses. ... One of the most famous court cases in history, Plessey v. ... Women's basketball was very popular. ... At most white colleges, the idea of varsity basketball clashed with the visions of ladylike gentility that they wished their students to embody, and competition was thus limited to intramurals, the faculty at many African ...

• Word Count: 2290
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Betye Saar inspects her roots by looking at popular representations of the black female in America and incorporates her own ideas by turning the woman (Aunt Jamaima) into a warrior with modern western weapons in her hands. ...

• Word Count: 3101
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The civil rights movement is understood to be a popular movement that aimed to secure equal access to basic United States of America (US) citizenship privileges for African Americans. ... The movement was sought out to mainly address these three areas of discrimination which were social divide, education, and most importantly voting rights. The civil rights movement was conducted due to prejudices that were occurring mainly in the South .It was there, where the African American population Experienced atrocious racial inequality in economic opportunity, education and the most blatant in the p...

• Word Count: 1999
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Although numerous articles and books have been published devising means by which to reduce variance within the system, the most recent, and probably most contentious, is that of Paul Butler, Associate Professor of Law, George Washington University Law School, and former Special Assistant United States Attorney in the District of Columbia. ... Although several commentators have voiced criticisms with the ideas of Professor Butler, most of these criticisms focus on what is best for the American legal system, what legal precedents dictate, or as is most often the case, on what is "right." ... Alt...

• Word Count: 3584
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Beginning in the colonial period, African Americans provided most of the labor on which European settlement, development, and wealth depended, especially after European wars and diseases decimated Native Americans. ... Perhaps the most dramatic evidence of the newfound sense of purpose and activism was the popularity of the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA). ... Secondly, the publication of Nigger Heaven (1926) by white novelist Carl Van Vechten was a surprisingly popular exposé of Harlem life. ...

• Word Count: 2619
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate