In this view, science is regarded as part of, created by and, hence, embedded in human culture. ... And it seems to me that the most frequent objections to modern and pre-modern philosophers come from the incompatibility of their philosophies with what is considered to be established scientific thought. ... In my view, application of Kant's epistemology and metaphysics could never produce an artificial intelligence capable of passing a Turing test. ... Also, is the mind the only nonphysical entity in our universe or do other entities exist such as ghosts or souls? One man came up with ...

• Word Count: 2227
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Before the First World War, rising living standards, increased education, and general progress, gave people an extremely optimistic view of their future and the world around them. People believed in science, philosophy, and society to bring them rational laws and standards of which to critically observe and evaluate the universe, and to guide them in their daily lives. ... One area of modern thought that was hugely impacted and changed forever was that of Philosophy. ... In the area of science and physics people had always been able to rely on facts and laws that governed our universe and made...

• Word Count: 1360
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Aristotle's collection of work causes suspicion to the modern world, it also begs to question where is knowledge originated. ... He criticizes Pythagoras and modern science, saying they are all rooted in Egyptian science. ... The universe itself, all the world around them, was sacred in the ancient view. ... How can the universe be "ethical or moral, right or wrong"? ... Like the theory of Ma'at and her being a goddess, Marimba Ani(Ani, 1994) believes that humanity and the universe is all based on cosmonogy,she shares this view with others like Chiek Diop and they both give this reas...

• Word Count: 1943
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It is the belief that God created the universe, organising it perfectly for the needs of man, in order to run in correct order, while remaining in the background, taking a passive role. ... In Deism, God is believed to be everything, as only one substance can be granted in the universe, and that substance is absolutely infinite, without God nothing can be, or be conceived. ... He has been identified as the " first major European thinker in modern times to embrace democratic republicanism as the highest and most rational form of political organisation,"" in which all men were equal. ... Also,...

• Word Count: 2438
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Medieval society developed a new way of living and viewing life, known as the medieval synthesis. The medieval synthesis was an outlook on life introduced by Thomas Aquinas that reformed the earlier ideas of logic and reason into a more logical and meaningful view on life, this can be seen in everyday medieval life by education, religion, and law. ... The Summa Theologica synthesized medieval society by reconciling faith and reason by seeking the common ground between two interpretations of reality regarding the nature of the universe called realism and nominalism. ... "Martin Luther stands ...

• Word Count: 638
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Philosophers in around the 7th Century B.C. asked questions of such fundamental quality such as "what is our universe made of? ... This is because the theorists do not take note on their religious views and they focus on current ways of life such as atheism and communism. ... Whatever will bring the most amount of happiness to the most amount of people as a way of distinguishing between right and wrong is the view that Bentham took on life. ... Conclusion & Predictions As time goes on , I predict that philosophy will evolve with the views of different societies and their beliefs about the...

• Word Count: 1289
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Newton's work seemed to prove that order and mathematically demonstrable laws were at work in the physical universe. ... They were also willing to entertain, although not necessarily accept, new heresies--such as atheism or the belief that the earth had gradually evolved or the view that the Bible was a series of wise stories but not the literal word of God. ... The philosophes helped shaped, if not define, the modern outlook....

• Word Count: 862
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Plato, through his stories of Socrates and Socrates views, began the debate that has served both as an intellectual argument and an effort to understand human existence for millennia. ... While each illustrates Socrates thinking regarding his willingness to drink poison as ordered by the court, the Crito best illustrates his philosophy regarding his view of life. ... Obviously, Thoreau's antidote to what he saw as the poison infecting the modern "civilized" man was to take to the woods, in order to learn more about the world, what it means to be fully human, and himself: "My purpose in go...

• Word Count: 1300
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In the 6th century BCE, however, a man from Greece by the name of Pythagoras of Samos would change our view on the mathematical world we used to have, forever. ... The magnificent impact that this would have on the world was tremendous and for this reason we can safely classify Pythagoras as one of the fathers of modern mathematical knowledge. ... The "Harmony of the Spheres" was most likely his second most important contribution as described in the Stanford Encyclopedia, "Secondarily as a cosmologist, because of the striking view of a universe ascribed to him in the later trad...

• Word Count: 1076
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It suggests that in our modern philosophy we have not even began to scratch the surface of what causes the nature of things around us. ... David Hume does an outstanding job of presenting a point of view that many people do not consider at all. ... The modern scientific method allows for many ways to describe every imaginable characteristic of something. ... These findings do not depend on things that exist in the universe. ...

• Word Count: 1541
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate