Some historians notice a certain impetus gained by this movement in what is classified to be medieval India, specifically in the 12th and 13th century. ... Speaking further of the spiritual exploration within the realms of Bhakti in general and the emerging trends within Bhakti in what is classified to be medieval India in particular, one must understand that pivotal to the movement was the idea of a very personal relationship developed with the lord- that of the father, the illicit lover, the husband, the companion, the master. ... Here there are some essential concepts discernable in the phi...

• Word Count: 2258
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In 1673, the Elector of Palatine, Karl Ludwig, offered Spinoza the professorship of philosophy at Heidelberg University in Germany, with the condition that he remain reasonably orthodox. ... Spinoza lived in an age of reason and philosophy, there was a strong belief that reason unencumbered by myth would yield universal truths to straight thinking people. ... It is therefore hard to see why denying that the soul is immortal would be the element of Spinoza's philosophy that attracted so much animosity. ... Although a relatively unfamiliar notion in Western philosophy and religion, this is ...

• Word Count: 2438
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate