A lot of the literature on substance abuse doesn't differ between particular kinds of substances that are abused. ... Hayden (2004) notes that the problem is made worse by the fact that alcoholics are almost by definition frequently in denial. ... A study from the Journal of Consulting and General Psychology states that, "the visuospatial learning performance of those with a family history of alcoholism was inferior to that displayed by persons with no family alcoholism history. ... On a semi positive note, Fisher et al. (1992) did discover that although ACOAs are generally thought to ...