The constitution has been successful in protecting liberty at the most basic level. ... Constitutional protection of liberty arises chiefly from the power structure enshrined in the constitution. ... This virtue of the constitution should not be underestimated - in its relatively brief history the US has been home to a number of extremist groups, and crucially often with much popular support. ... In this example the constitution clearly is a hindrance to a progressive measure. ... It is often tempting to offer a critique of the constitution through European political values, criticising th...

• Word Count: 1663
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Perhaps the most difficult aspect, however, of the Court's creation would be the reality that this Constitution in no way implied what the true "power" of the Court was outside of being capable of reversing or affirming state court decisions denying rights granted by treaties, laws, or the Constitution itself. Nothing within the Constitution exclusively states that the Supreme Court's opinion is superior to the state court's, and nothing within the Constitution states that the Supreme Court has the capability of judicial review on acts generated by the legislature. ... The bes...

• Word Count: 4341
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The First Amendment – indeed the entire Bill of Rights – was not included in the Constitution when it was written in 1787. ... Those supporting the Constitution argued that many state constitutions already protected individual rights and that the failure to list the rights did not mean that they did not exist as natural rights, beyond government authority. ... The 4th Amendment idea that citizens should be protected from unreasonable searches and seizures goes back far into English history. ... After the Constitution was written by the Constitutional Convention at Philadelphia i...

• Word Count: 2226
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

According to the Encyclopedia of Social History, the exact origins of the expectation and longing of individual privacy are unclear but key factors include the "waning power of community and, later, the reformation of family as a collection of individuals" (580). ... People who oppose more laws protecting the privacy of individuals most often turn to the Constitution for support of their opinion. They point out "privacy is not specifically safeguarded by the Bill of Rights or any other part of the Constitution" (Gottfried 9). Because it is not specifically mentioned in our country's co...

• Word Count: 2150
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Debate arises because the Constitution is silent on the exact time at which the appointment is considered complete. ... The answer is logically yes although there are no specific words in the Constitution to support such an answer. ... Marshall further maintains that the Constitution is the supreme law of the land. ... There is nothing in the Constitution that assigns the duty of review solely to the judicial department. ... The Supreme Court is the only branch of government that could act to strengthen the national government during the early history of the Constitution. ...

• Word Count: 1148
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Many people are not familiar how Constitutions are interpreted to justify our current laws. ... The Eighth Amendment is in the Constitution that was modified shortly after American Revolution. ... Then we need to understand why the framers of constitution consist this term in this Amendment. ... Therefore, I think although the framers of the Constitution wasn't intended to be against capital punishment, it doesn't mean capital punishment is automatically justified in the Constitution. There has always been movement going on which aim to abolish death penalty in the United Sta...

• Word Count: 1056
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Since the 1994 Genocide, Rwanda has undergone significant political and legal reforms that have been highly influenced by its colonial and postcolonial history. ... Currently, the Constitution is the supreme law in Rwanda, which was adopted on the 26th May 2003, containing major legislative and judicial reforms. ... There is a clearly defined separation of powers in the Rwandan constitution of the Executive, Judiciary and the Legislature. ... These processes were all reviewed and reformed in the new constitution of 2003. ... Rwanda's Civil law system is extremely progressive for the r...

• Word Count: 1492
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

How clear is it if the Pledge to Allegiance is about God or about the Nations principals and constitution? ... Those who took the time to read the decision can also have discovered that controversy about the Pledge has a long history, and that prohibiting school systems from coercing children to recite the Pledge is not some wacky new idea of a few far out California justices or of any other justices around the nation. In fact, compelling students to recite the Pledge was held to be a violation of the First Amendment of the Constitution in 1943, eleven years prior to the act of Congress that i...

• Word Count: 812
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The question of whether or not any one person has the capacity, legally or otherwise to take one's own life is one of the most debated and fundamentally thought provoking in society's history. ... In either case the end result will be the same and since one is protected under the Constitution the other, physician-assisted suicide should be as well. ... I believe that the right to end one's own life is a personal, private right that is covered by the fourteenth amendment of the Constitution. ... Physician-assisted suicide should be protected under the Constitution of the ...

• Word Count: 908
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Writing in agreement to this argument except in dissent of the courts final decision, Justices Rehnquist, White, and O"Conner recall Holmes" aphorism "a page of history is worth a volume of logic". ... For instance, Stevens reiterates that our history demonstrates that the ideas we fight for in protecting the national unity of our nation were worthy of cause, and then, equally worthy of protection from desecration is the symbol in which we carried throughout these battles. ... Agreeing with the majority opinion of the court Kennedy wrote a concurring opinion in which he stated that he believ...

• Word Count: 900
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The United States Constitution was one of the most revolutionary documents of all time. ... However over time, the Constitution began to apply to the states as well as the federal government. Looking back at what changed is a rather long process, but an important one as it is quite possibly the most important legal development in the history of the United States government. The most famous section of the United States Constitution is the Bill of Rights. ... When we talk about incorporation of the amendments of the Constitution, we are mainly talking about the Bill of Rights. ...

• Word Count: 2594
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Throughout history, there has been an everlasting conflict between having a broader or narrower interpretation of the US Constitution. Some believe that the exact wordings stated in the Constitution are the rules to follow in a strict manner without any compromise. Others consider the Constitution to have looser understanding and there needs to be room for different analyses. ... His argument was that the statue and the resolution passed violated both the State and the Federal Constitution. ... By having any inclusion of church and state in any way violates the Constitution and citizen's ...

• Word Count: 3421
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Our constitution provides multiple rights and restrictions to those facing trial. The right to confrontation outlined in the 6th Amendment of our constitution, states the following: to be confronted with the witnesses against him. ... The statement must be made from due stress, excitement or startling from the event at hand. 3) Then Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition, a statement of the speaker's then state of mind or body, such as intent, will, plan, motive etc. 4) Statements for Purposes of Medical Diagnosis or Treatment, a statement made for the purpose of medical treatm...

• Word Count: 1115
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This ruling marked the most important victory for the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transvestite (LGBT) community in the United States' history. ... Judge John G Heyburn II ruled in February 2014 that "Kentucky's denial of recognition for valid same-sex marriages violates the United States Constitution's guarantee of equal protection under the law, even under the most deferential standard of review. ... Judge John G Heyburn II also ruled in favor of the plaintiffs in June 2014 stating that laws banning same-sex marriage "violates the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amen...

• Word Count: 1936
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Using the guidelines of the United States Constitution, Blackmun developed a systematic argumentation that inherently increases the justifications for the court's decision, on the basis of "medical and medical-legal history and what that history reveals about man's attitude toward the abortion procedure over the centuries" (403). ...

• Word Count: 547
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The First Amendment to the constitution guarantees the right to free speech. ... Free speech has its roots in our U.S. constitution; however, essential free speech is it has been repeatedly challenged, ever changing the legislation regulating free speech. ... Since the early history of our country, the protection of basic freedoms has been of the utmost importance to Americans. ... "That is why it is important to understand the history and philosophy of the First Amendment. In the end, as Learned Hand said, "Liberty lies in the hearts of men and women; when it dies there, no constitution o...

• Word Count: 1987
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Affirmative action is the nation's most ambitious attempt to redress its long history of racial and sexual discrimination. ... Bakke held that the Constitution forbids public universities and other government agencies to use rigid racial quotas but does not forbid the use of race as a "factor- among others. ... Trouble is, the Constitution is not supposed to split the difference. ... At this point in our nation's history, does affirmative action make things better or worse? ...

• Word Count: 1755
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Encyclopedia Britannica states: " The Supreme Court is a final court of appeal and final expositor of the Constitution of the United States. ... U.S Constitution specifies rules and regulation which refer to judicial procedures at the federal level. ... It stems from local customs and history. ...

• Word Count: 1173
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Affirmative action is the most ambitious attempt to readdress the United States" long history of racial discrimination. ... I believe this is an important issue deeply rooted in the conscience of America and our responsibility to live up the ideals of our constitution. ...

• Word Count: 641
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Throughout the history of the United States of America the intense and controversial view of "equality" has been a hot topic. ... Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit ruled against the University of Texas, deciding that its law school's policy of considering race in the admissions process was a violation of the Constitution's equal-protection guarantee. ... But as history has shown, affirmative action has been defined, modified and removed in some sections of the laws that govern our very existence. ...

• Word Count: 1414
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

" - It is a punishment originally understood by the Framers of the Constitution to be cruel and unusual - There is societal consensus that the punishment offends civilized standards of human decency... In the 1980's, the Supreme Court was repeatedly asked to rule on whether the execution of a juvenile offender was permissible under the Constitution. ... Our history is replete with laws and judicial recognition that minors, especially in their earlier years, generally are less mature and responsible than adults."" ... There has been research conducted on the 91 juveniles who had been se...

• Word Count: 2175
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In order for one to fully understand the problems with the death penalty they must take a brief look at its history. ... As the history of the death penalty clearly exemplifies the death penalty is a tumultuous process. ... But at several times in history the United States has saw the death penalty as an unfit manner of going about justice but yet always seem to revert back. ... But although it had only been established for four years the United States Supreme Court went back on this decision .In July 1976 the Supreme Court moved in the opposite direction, holding that "the punishment of d...

• Word Count: 1564
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Introduction One of the most controversial and complex political issues in American history is the issue of abortion. ... In 1973, "the right to privacy was confirmed and established in one of the most important Supreme Court decisions in American history: Roe vs. ... Abortion Laws: An overview of the history and legality of abortion in the United States"). ... Abortion Laws: An Overview of the History and Legality of Abortion in the United States). ... Abortion Laws: An overview of the history and legality of abortion in the United States"). ...

• Word Count: 2395
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

One idea behind affirmative action is that it compensates for the huge disadvantage African American people have in America, which is that their entire culture is rooted in slavery and for most of their history here, they did not have basic rights. Due to this history, black people are still often subject to discrimination on a daily basis, which is why affirmative action can be reassuring for them. ... Racial discrimination was wrong in America's brutal history of slavery, just as it is wrong today. ... On a side note, "there is not one major American success throughout our history tha...

• Word Count: 2129
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

(Question 1) Juvenile delinquency is a complex social problem that significantly impacts all members and processes of a social structure. Delinquency refers to a set of behaviors that are not in line with the collective practices and/or ethics of the dominant social group. Essentially, these behaviors deviate from societal norms and more specifically they violate established criminal codes and laws. Juvenile delinquency incorporates not only general criminal activity but conduct that is only unlawful for youths such as running away from home and skipping school. Current research into th...

• Word Count: 8199
• Approx Pages: 33
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate