Michael's grandfather, Nikita Romanov, the brother of Anastasia the first wife of Ivan the Terrible and Ivans' most valiant captain, still lived in the popular memory. ... He and his mother Martha Romanovna were found at Ipateev Manastery at Kostroma. ... Peter were the youngest son of Tsar Alexei, but after the death of oldest brother, Tsar Fedor, boyars proclaimed 10 years old Peter the Tsar bypassing the middle brother Ivan who was poor health, but their sister Sofia used revolt of streltsi (musketeers) to get the throne and to become a ruler under the role of regent of young br...

• Word Count: 1674
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In 1984, the party of the totalitarian state Oceania is the Inner and Outer Party and is led by Big Brother. ... Big Brother is the dictator of the Party and the government and is considered omnipresent although he is never seen in person. ... In having this much power over the media, the Party is able to manipulate the people to keep them loyal to Big Brother, the party leader. ... The chaos which followed WWI allowed totalitarian governments to be founded in Russia, Italy, and Germany. ...

• Word Count: 1139
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

We must take revenge for our brothers on the tsar Death to them." ... Yet even after the shooting, Nicholas was kept in the dark and never found out what really happened. ... Even the camarilla (a group of distinguished but degenerating families who were afraid to losing their power to changes and capitalism) found the Nicholas was too weak to keep tsarist autocratic rule strong. ...

• Word Count: 996
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

When the arrests started, the OGPU would round up men who had fought for the White's, fathers, brothers and sons of Russia, and to the last man they were shot. ... Still, the most powerful factor that set in motion this dark part of Russian history was the fact that Lenin created a State that was found on economics instead of politics. ...

• Word Count: 1402
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

V.I. Lenin, born as Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, was born on April 10, 1870 in the Volga town of Simbirsk. He was the third child of Ilya Nikolaievich Ulyanov and Maria Alexandrovna Blank Ulyanov. His father, Ilya, was employed as an educator and director to the school system of the province of Simb...

• Word Count: 1180
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

RUSSIAN REVOLUTIONARY AVANT-GARDE The avant-garde way of life prospered in Russia directly following the Revolution of 1917, generating one of the most awe-inspiring art movements of the twentieth century. Assembling an entirely new government, the Bolsheviks gave free reign to the Russian avan...

• Word Count: 4641
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

As food supplies were low, their price increased and many Russian's found that they were left unable to purchase reasonable amounts of food with their already menial wages. ... With his army, the Duma and the majority of society against him, Nicholas II agreed to abdicate and hand throne to his brother, Grand Duke Michael who in turn abdicated the throne 24 hours after he had received it, thus ending 300 years of Romanov rule. ...

• Word Count: 1511
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Balkan area consists of the modern day countries of Greece, Turkey, Romania, Bulgaria, and other small nations that border the Black Sea. This area has prominently shaped European history in the nineteenth century and has been one of the topics in major conflicts such as World War I in the early...

• Word Count: 2499
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate