Most literature on reflection is based on the works of philosopher, John Dewey (1933) who defined reflection in his early work as the "active, persistent and careful consideration of any belief or supposed form of knowledge in light of the grounds that support it" (p.7 as cited in Chetcuti, 1992, p.238). A key idea in Dewey's writings is the distinction made between passive 'routine' action and 'reflective' action (Killen, 2013). ... Many theories and models of teacher reflection are based on the philosophies of Dewey (1933). ... Central to Dewey's ...

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The prodigious minds of John Amos Comenius, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Friedrich Froebel, and Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi contributed pioneering developments in early childhood education practice throughout the enlightenment (Elkind, 2010; Morgan, 1999). ... Deriving from the theories of John Dewey and John Piaget, Montessori program schools encourage children to have "freedom of experience" (Elkind, 2010; Morgan, 1999, p. 174). ... When the philosophical foundations were set by John Amos Comenius, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Friedrich Froebel took these the embodied principl...

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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate