As mentioned earlier, the Jamestown colony was established as a business venture (Ayers et al, page 48). ... Most of the first inhabitants were also only concerned with becoming wealthy and returning to England (Ayers et al, page 48). ... After all, the Native Americans were seen as savages with a heathen religion (Ayers et al, page 48). ... Established in 1620, the Plymouth colony was created by the Pilgrims (Ayers et al, page 58). ... Unlike previous settlers, the Puritans came mostly in established family groups (Ayers et al, page 62). ...

• Word Count: 988
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In the year 1778 a European explorer named John Cook embarked on the Island of Hawaii bringing in the influence of European and American traditions; soon causing disruption, with the influence of weapons, among the natives (Wynell et al., 1999). The natives were instructed to leave behind "many aspects of traditional culture, including teaching the Hawaiian language and performing the native Hula dance" (Wynell et al., 1999). Hawaiian people were angered and sought to object the idea of annexation; however, white businessmen interest in the land was too great therefore dominating con...

• Word Count: 522
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Although it is not possible to mimic the animal studies in people, Zeigler et al (10) conducted multiple (three to eight) 72-hour metabolic balance studies on each of nine infants. ... Mahaffey et al (12) reviewed the relationship between blood lead concentrations and dietary calcium intake in = 3000 children examined as part of the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 11). ... Barton et al (8) reported that increasing the calcium dose in the intubation media reduced lead uptake from isolated intestinal loops. ... In a single-blind case-control study, Lauwerys et al ...

• Word Count: 1554
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Johnson in 1972 (Gilbert et al. 2). ... (Gilbert et al. 1) In "Stigmatization revisited- the authors performed experiments to determine the effects of affirmative action versus diversity management. ... Many states, as well as the federal government, are debating the future of programs that are viewed as giving any type of advantage to a particular group of people (i.e. race or gender) (Gilbert et al. 1). ... By treating all people equally, with regards to race and gender, these perceptions disappear (Gilbert et al. 8). ... Through their research, the authors feel that the traditional misperce...

• Word Count: 1252
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

For example, hip resurfacing was not available in the United States of America despite resounding success around the world in many medical tourism hospitals (Horowitz, et al., 2007) Furthermore, the patients who pay out of pocket, and even some patients with higher deductibles, find that some procedures are so costly that they could not simply afford them. ... A heart bypass can cost over $100,000 in America, while the price could be just $11,000 in other countries (Horowitz, et al., 2007). Furthermore, since these procedures are performed routinely for patients worldwide in popular medical to...

• Word Count: 1368
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Rise of China: Realism The realist perspective is extremely broad; nevertheless, it focuses on three key ideas: statism, survival and self-help (Baylis et al., 2011, p.87). ... Furthermore, realists view world politics as a constant struggle for power between states, with each state trying to maximize their own national interest (Baylis et al., 2011, p.4). ... Furthermore, given the fact that liberal theory is based on cooperation and collaboration for the sake of the international community, practices of conservatism must be put in place (Baylis et al., 2011, p.102). ... Identity (from a...

• Word Count: 1664
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Interest groups, "An organized group of individuals or organizations that make policy-related appeals to the government" (Lowie et al 397), are sometimes called the unofficial fourth branch of the United States government, but are they useful or harmful for our nations democracy. ... From the founding of the constitution farmers were worried that, "Power could be wielded by organized interests and that the public good would be 'disregarded in the conflict of rival [fractions]'" (Lowi et al 396). ... When it comes to government officials making their decisions it...

• Word Count: 726
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This will help the police to prioritize containing or solving violent crimes over petty drug offenders (Caulkin et al. 50). ... Legalizing marijuana will help in protecting personal freedoms and will encourage individuals to be more responsible (Caulkin et al. 4). ... Pot has also been known to damage the cells in the bronchia and this reduces the ability of the immune cells to fight lung infections especially pneumonia (Caulkin et al.57). ...

• Word Count: 523
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Evanoff et al. define a bubble existing "when the market price of an asset exceeds its price determined by fundamental factors by a significant amount for a prolonged period".1 This definition although seemingly certain is very vague in it's nature. ... Himmelberg et al in particular reference the recent housing price bubble "as being driven by home buyers who are willing to pay inflated prices for houses today because they expect unrealistically high housing appreciation in the future.... Evanoff et al. also suggest that the global financial crisis if 2007-09, "induc...

• Word Count: 951
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

According to Draper et al (2002), managed care plans have historically relied on two key strategies to enable them to offer expanded benefits with limited financial responsibility for consumers and cost containment for employers; traditional managed care technology-limited provider networks and growth of plan management to gain leverage in provider negotiations. ... Draper et al (2003) lists three strategic shifts "Offering less restrictive products and product features, reconstituting their often adversarial, friction ridden contracting relationships with providers in order to establish a ...

• Word Count: 1069
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

"The value question will fall into two broad groups, questions about your own personal and professional values and questions about the values of the local community" (Rallis et al., 2008, p. 14). ... Your professional wisdom is the touchstone in your reasoning process and lays the foundation for the exploration and moral reasoning that come next" (Rallis et al., 2008, p. 17). ...

• Word Count: 2753
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

"The value question will fall into two broad groups, questions about your own personal and professional values and questions about the values of the local community" (Rallis et al., 2008, p. 14). ... Your professional wisdom is the touchstone in your reasoning process and lays the foundation for the exploration and moral reasoning that come next" (Rallis et al., 2008, p. 17). ...

• Word Count: 2753
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In most cases, the agenda changes when a new president is elected or when the party with majority members changes in the Congress (Turner et al 462-464). ... On the other hand, "Policy adoption may also take place when the president signs an executive order or when the Supreme Court rules on an important case (Turner et al 460). ... The public acts as bystanders in decision-making processes because the competing groups act as the peoples' voices (Turner et al 455). ... This is because it takes much time before a compromise is reached (Turner et al 455). ...

• Word Count: 1120
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Through the lens of this theory, international organizations, multinational corporations and such, as well as terrorist groups are seen as principle actors in most issue areas (Baylis et al. 2011, p.4). ... In essence, what happens on one side of the world effects changes on the other side due to the diverse link of cobwebs states have through channels of interactions (Baylis et al. 2011, p.106). ... The hypothesis that underlines this theory is that democratic states tend to have a harmonious relationship with one another (Baylis et al. 2011, p.104). Another explanation is that if the decisi...

• Word Count: 2830
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The term antimicrobial resistance refers to microbial organisms that are resistant to antibiotics as well as a number of affiliated drugs that act to treat and expunge infectious bacterium. These agents have been utilized for over seventy years to care for infected disease ridden patients. Thankfull...

• Word Count: 2320
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Another hypothesis is that the invasive species out compete the native species because they are often quick growers, easily propagated, able to survive diverse conditions, and have no natural predators or diseases in the new environment (Davis, Grime, et. al. 2000). ... It is the process of growing plants in different concentration of the phytotoxin to see which concentration is most affective (Wu H, Pratley J, et al 2001). ... The more plants present, the less effective the phytotoxin because smaller than lethal amounts are being absorbed by each individual plant (Thijs, Shann, et al 1994)....

• Word Count: 1856
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In the dissenting opinion Justice Field said that based on the majority's interpretation the Fourteenth Amendment was, "a vain and idle enactment, which accomplished nothing, and most unnecessarily excited Congress and the people on its passage. " (Kommers et al., 115) The ruling is also interesting because it set a precedent against the incorporation of the Bill of Rights to the states, yet it did not take long at all, relatively speaking, for the Bill of Rights to become incorporated after all. ... (Kommers et al., 117) Black and Frankfurter's views were most noticeably on display ...

• Word Count: 2594
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Those who signed the Declaration (a group led by Senators Margaret Chase Smith and Joseph McCarthy) were aware of their violation of law; it was publicly stated that the signing or distribution of the Declaration of Conscience "might be construed as a violation of the Universal Military Training and Service Act" (Dellinger et al, 841). ... The Declaration stated, "The use of the military resources of the United States in Vietnam and elsewhere suppresses the aspirations of the people for political independence and economic freedom" (Dellinger et al, 840). Furthermore, the Declaration noted, "I...

• Word Count: 1527
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

(Rage et al. 2009). ... According to the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, Studies showed those children who lived in neighborhoods with more street trees in their area have shown low prevalence of asthma (Lovasi et al. 2008). ... Asthma affects non-white populations at higher rates than white populations and mostly predominates in urban populations (Eschenbacher et. al.). ...

• Word Count: 1216
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The difference between compulsive gambling and pathological gambling is that compulsions are the behavioral component of the obsessional state in which a person finds his abnormal behavior alien and attempts to resist it (Carone et al. 111). ... Covering up and lying about gambling behavior becomes more important (Carone et al.). ... "The bailout seems to be particularly damaging since it does not allow the compulsive gambler to assume responsibility for his own behavior" (Carone et al. 116). ... While the husband is out gambling, the family sees less and less of him when he is not at hom...

• Word Count: 2085
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

., more noncompliant and acting out responses) which add to the stressful circumstances of custodial parents" (Hetherington et al., 1978; Wallerstein & Kelly, 1980, as cited in Peterson et al., 1984, p. 15). In the same study, Peterson et al., 1984, stated "children who are socially competent prior to divorce often show signs of recuperation about one-two years after a divorce." ...

• Word Count: 2097
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

That is what Blendon et al. (2005) sought to answer in their 2004 survey of 1,888 adults (1,104 non-immigrants and 784 immigrants). Blendon et al. found that about 41% of those polled thought that legal immigration should be decreased and about 18% thought that it should be increased. ... Cota et al. (4) the gender composition of Mexican migration shifted from disproportionately male to families. ...

• Word Count: 1444
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Drug resistant bacteria has been around for ages. Antibiotics were naturally occurring, but now since the technological and expansion of mankind, antibiotics are now commonly used in all sorts of situations. This easily causes overuse and misuse of antibiotics creating antibiotic resistant bacteria ...

• Word Count: 1384
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Lopez et al. find that Central Americans and Mexicans constitute and overwhelming amount of the blue-collar and service work force. These immigrants from these countries "toil in predominantly low-paying jobs that would seem to offer little more than day-to-day survival (Lopez et al. pg. 294)." ...

• Word Count: 1316
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Haitian Revolution lasted from 1791 to 1804 (Weil et. al., 1985). ... Saint-Domingue produced sugar, coffee, cocoa, indigo, tobacco, cotton, sisal as well as some fruits and vegetables for the motherland, France (Weil et. al., 1985). ...

• Word Count: 1746
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate