The BCS has been criticised by Genn et al (1987) for missing people living in hostels, bed-sit accommodation and the homeless, who themselves may be some of the highest risk categories in society. ... As Sellitz et al (1976) say " questionnaires can be sent through the post, where as interviewers cannot". ... The BCS does not calculate commercial or corporate crimes (shoplifting, vandalism and burglary) Kershaw et al (2001). ... The studies also suggested that people in these areas were more likely to be victims of certain crimes, The Islington crime survey (Jones et al 1986) found that house...

• Word Count: 1355
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Academic critiques of this evidence at the time would not support this idea though (Brennan, et al, 1995). This started a heated debate within the field of psychology, though no difference between those men with the extra Y chromosome was found in association to arrests for violent crime (Brennan, et al, 1995). ... The outcomes of many different adoption investigations have also discovered that there is more of a comparison in the criminal behaviour of sons and their natural fathers than between sons and their adoptive fathers (Brennan, et al, 1995). ... Firstly the procedure of choosing...

• Word Count: 3709
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Embezzlements are generally committed by one of three methods: By trickery, deceit or misrepresentation (e.g. account holder or rightful owner impersonation, official seals of fake accounts); by documents (e.g. check, "authorization note", power of attorney); and by technology (e.g. on-line computer, FAX machines, ATM access)(Weisburd et al., 1991). ... It is often believed to be more "convenient" to allow an embezzler to terminate employment and voluntarily repay the loss than to file a crime report and become involved with the criminal justice process (Weisburd et al., 1991). ... The misu...

• Word Count: 1889
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This work was continued by Sheldon and Stevens (1942) and Sheldon et al (1949) who identified three basic body types; endomorphs, who are fat and soft; ectomorphs, who are thin and fragile and mesomorphs, who are muscular and hard. ... Another possible problem with the theory is that psychologists (McGurk et al, 1981) have isolated personality traits which are related to criminal behaviour but not identified by Eysenck. ... Bartol et al (1979) tested 398 inmates, most of African-American and Hispanic origins using the EPQ (Eysenck Personality Questionnaire). ...

• Word Count: 2818
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

To be sure, rates of violent juvenile behavior increased in some cities in the 1980s and early 1990s, including Pittsburgh (Loeber, Farrington, Stouthamer-Loeber et al., 2008) and Denver (Huizinga, Weiher, Espiritu, & Esbensen, 2003). ... A recent study (Mulvey, Steinberg, Piquero et al., 2010) of more than one thousand adolescents adjudicated for serious offenses in Philadelphia (Philadelphia County) and in Phoenix (Maricopa County) found that juvenile justice system services and supervision reduced their level of involvement in antisocial activities. ... Juvenile court-based services were m...

• Word Count: 2448
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It is irrelevant at one level whether crime is really increasing or not (Ericson et. al, 1991: 285). ... The newswire is a vital source of stories that can be re-edited to fulfill the daily requirement of putting out a newspaper (Ericson et. al, 1991: 43). ...

• Word Count: 1719
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Juvenile Reform: On the Right Track? Fifteen people were found dead, and over twenty-three were left wounded. Two gunmen, part of the Trenchcoat Mafia, walked into their school at 11:30 am in Littleton, Colorado and started firing. Although this is not an everyday occurrence, juvenile delinquency...

• Word Count: 2903
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

(Question 1) Juvenile delinquency is a complex social problem that significantly impacts all members and processes of a social structure. Delinquency refers to a set of behaviors that are not in line with the collective practices and/or ethics of the dominant social group. Essentially, these behaviors deviate from societal norms and more specifically they violate established criminal codes and laws. Juvenile delinquency incorporates not only general criminal activity but conduct that is only unlawful for youths such as running away from home and skipping school. Current research into th...

• Word Count: 8199
• Approx Pages: 33
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate