Democracy can be very hard to define, as there are many criteria that deem to be essential to some political thinkers, yet hardly relevant to others. ... It is clearly evident that by looking at three great political thinkers and their ideologies on democracy, all three are very different, having certain criteria and criticisms about democratic definition. Although there are different definitions about what it is to be democratic, there are still obvious criteria that democracy has, and an authoritarian government does not, which enables us to discuss the transitions from authoritarian gover...

• Word Count: 3450
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

These political reforms eventually led to the liberalization in the Soviet Union thus limiting the far-reaching role of the communist party. ... For example, it would be incorrect to label the Chinese economy as entirely communist because it is clear that it is opening up to the West. Hence the modern approach defines economic systems in terms of organizational features, which basically refers to the system of communication within groups. ... It is essential that I define these four characteristics before analyzing their impacts on economic outcomes. ... A continuum can be created fo...

• Word Count: 4711
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

However, the formation of the "New Soviet" figure was not simple ideology. ... Although they represent heroic communist figures, Gleb and Dasha Chumalov, are not simply mouthpieces of the communist ideology; they are realistic and represent the truthful inner conflict a typical Soviet citizen was experiencing at the time. ... Furthermore, he has the motivation and the right ideology to inspire others. ... Alongside the image of a strong, communist worker is that of a typical husband desiring the comforting love of his wife. ... The result is that her hardened exterior and newfound de...

• Word Count: 3036
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Christiana Lodder confirms in Art of the Soviets this revolutionary step in including art as a major collation within the government when she explains "Lenin's Plan For Monumental Propaganda [is] immensely important because for the first time art was directly harnessed to the service of the state and its ideology" (16). As a result of Lenin's Plan, historians can note a revolutionary idea, prophesized through Marxism ideology, conceded and carried out. ... His plan embraced the arts and drew up concrete foundational concepts to propagandize new communist ideology and implement it...

• Word Count: 4641
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Few people were willing to challenge or defy societal norms, weary of being branded "un-American", and therefore, a communist. ... "McCarthyism", as it was called, forced many government officials and Hollywood celebrities to go before McCarthy and the rest of the committee, in order to deny their involvement with the Communist Party. ... Though McCarthy himself was revealed to be a fraud and bully, revelations aided by the blooming technology of television, McCarthyism, or the communist witch hunt, did not end with him. The nation was forever fearful of communists in positions of governmen...

• Word Count: 3509
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In England in 1929 the term was used to describe both Fascist (Italy and later Germany) and Communist (Soviet Union) states. Indeed, these countries were ruled by a single mass party controlling the economy, the media and the arms of a state controlled through terror and a fixed ideology ; which, according to Carl Friedrich (a political thinker), define the features of a totalitarian state. ... The guideline of this ideology was the supremacy of the Aryan race. ... However, the Nazi's ideology toward the women was different from the men. ... They were known as very violent and were ruled ...

• Word Count: 2961
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Their anti-communist views were welcomed by politicians who encouraged them to participate in coalitions, so that votes could be attained. ... Thirdly there is a differentiation between socio-ideological movements and pragmatic politics. ... Parties that move towards the mainstream to attract support will alienate the ideological core that animates them. ... This view was not shared by the communists, in the coalition, who were ferociously protective of France's nuclear industry. ... The principle of decentralisation is key to this argument, and here lies one of the defining characterist...

• Word Count: 3050
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Thus prompted the defined emergence of two historically significant groups: the Kuomintang, also known as the Nationalists, lead by the aggressive Chiang Kai-Shek and the Chinese Communist Party, led by Mao Zedong. ... This essay will demonstrate how a complete ideologically divided country will unify beneath one guiding force- Mao Zedong. ... Initial Communist Survival The first united front, once a glimmer of hope in China was now slowly dissipating within contrasting ideologies, and is historically labeled as a "friendship of convenience"." ... After the ramification that the Long March was...

• Word Count: 3831
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The major works that will be discussed herein are: Capital, Volumes I, II and III, and The Communist Manifesto. ... Throughout his vast bibliography, the most major works of Marx include: Capital, Volumes I, II and III, and the most influential, The Communist Manifesto. ... Unlike the previous three works described, the focus of The Communist Manifesto is much more on the political and social issues that arise due to capitalism running amok. Communism itself is defined as "a way of organizing a society in which the government owns the things that are used to make and transport products ...

• Word Count: 2958
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Globalization is defined with the focus of economics to mean the integration of the state economies through corporations' investment, trade and capital flow into the international economy. ... Liberalization as a political ideology just emerged in the recent times and had undergone growth, decline and of recent late revival. ...

• Word Count: 2557
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Consequently, this subject was dropped in favour of studying the history of the Chinese Communist Party, as it was an area which I was keen to learn about, overlapped in many places with Soviet history and had a relatively large amount of data published about it. ... Events casting the Cultural Revolution in a negative light include the influence of the Chinese Communist Party, the rise of Occidentalism, availability of new evidence and the death of Lin Biao. ... While most historians were analysed according to their general and individual perspectives at the time of writing, others were sim...

• Word Count: 4647
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

As quoted in Marx's Manifesto of the Communist Party, "The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles. ... For example, Marx defined two classes in a capitalist system, the capitalists and the proletariats. As discussed in the quote from the Manifesto of the Communist Party, classes existed in opposition to each other throughout history. ... This early, primitive communist tribe is described as migratory, consuming the natural resources of each area before moving onto another. ... According to Marx, this defines a new epoch, called the "ancient world." ...

• Word Count: 3173
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

These "culture-mongers", as Mazzarella calls them, reject the mediated aspect of culture because mediation implies distance, intervention, and displacement which in turn challenge the authenticity of the cultural product and the ideological guarantee that they serve the interests of the consumer-citizen and not the corporate-party. ... While there may be some merit to such arguments, we problematize their simplistic nature and try to locate the underlying ideological and political processes that are at work. ...

• Word Count: 8108
• Approx Pages: 32
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The reality of its existence, however, is that hand-in-hand, the premise for Zionism coupled with legal mandates- scripted but un enforced, such as Resolutions 252 as well as Resolution 278- display Israel's non-compliance to international law and reprobates the ability to fall within the traditional standards of a democratic nation.2 While Zionism originates in ideology as a national movement for the return of Jewish people to their historical homeland- paired with the aims of restoring Jewish sovereignty, political Zionism takes on the character of the liberal nationalist movement whic...

• Word Count: 5817
• Approx Pages: 23
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Definitions The Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English defines change as to become or to make something become different. The same dictionary goes on to further define change as a process or a result of something or someone becoming different. ... Light, D. et al (1982:550) defined social change as variations overtime, in the behaviour patterns, culture, and structure of society. Lenski, G. et al (1987:61) defines social and cultural change in two aspects one involving the addition of new elements to the existing system while the other form will involve elimination of older elements where ...

• Word Count: 3485
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Hitler justified his decision by arguing that he was attempting to save Europe from "communist barbarism". ... The Soviet Union provided considerable help to the Spanish Communist Party to improve its position in the Popular Front government. This included the removal of the socialist Francisco Largo Caballero as prime minister and replacing him with the communist sympathizer, Juan Negrin. ...

• Word Count: 3763
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Like many European nations, Italy emerged from the First World War as a democracy in distress. Italy was on the winning side, but the war had cost nearly 700,000 Italian lives and over $15 billion. Moreover, Italy had received secret promises of specific territorial gains during the war, only to find those promises withdrawn when they con- flicted with principles of self-determination. Italian claims to the west coast of the Adriatic, for instance, were denied by Yugoslavia. Italy received most of the Austrian territories it demanded, but many maintained that these were inadequate rewards for ...

• Word Count: 5609
• Approx Pages: 22
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The reality of contemporary liberalism, as it is inspired by socialism, clearly fuses with the definition of this philosophical genius, if indeed it could be summarized as a general ideology. Early Enlightment philosophy provided the guiding light to the liberalistic evolution of freedom from restriction, to freedom in the sense of opportunity as a socialistic ideology. ... The highest ideology of nineteenth century liberalism was that economically, maximum freedom would only come as the result of the limited power of government. ...

• Word Count: 3737
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In this context, the role played by the state, both its coercive and ideological apparatus, is thus to be considered as well. ... In this respect, the Bangladesh state intervenes on two levels, one in the sphere of the reproduction of labour, and seconds on the level of social or ideological reproduction, which help to keep intact existing discriminating practices among gender relations. ... Instead of entering into the debate of wether this area should receive top priority or not, we shall simply maintain, that the population problem has been defined and formulated not wholly indigenously...

• Word Count: 4537
• Approx Pages: 18
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Music (especially practical music) must be understood as a complex activity around which a whole constellation of attendant cultural practices and ideologies (norms and forms) can cohere. ... Sociologist Dick Hebdige, for example, analyzed British punk fashion "popularized and commoditized by bands such as the Sex Pistols "as symbolically conveying politically and ideologically subversive meaning. ... In contrast to these centralized hierarchical systems (bureaucracies, corporations) is the rhizomatic network: "an acentered, nonhierarchical, nonsignifying system without a General ...

• Word Count: 3080
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Background and During the Cooling of Relations The Second World War drastically changed the political map of the world, and especially the European continent. The basic premises of the new alignment of the world developed in the final stages of the war. The anti-Hitler coalition, the main role whic...

• Word Count: 4151
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Moreover, the end of the cold war and the fall of communism in 1988 precipitated the communist countries to adopt a new model of economy. The models that were in place since World War II collapsed and the laissez-faire neo-liberal capitalism became the dominant ideology. ... These countries (China, India, Bangladesh, Brazil, Malaysia) are defined by having strongly improved their trade performance. ...

• Word Count: 6472
• Approx Pages: 26
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The following assessment is about current HR practices in India and how external and internal features have helped in shaping it. It is discussed in the Social, Economic, political context. The current recruitment and training planning of the country is also illustrated. The reliable statistical dat...

• Word Count: 2857
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The following assessment is about current HR practices in India and how external and internal features have helped in shaping it. It is discussed in the Social, Economic, political context. The current recruitment and training planning of the country is also illustrated. The reliable statistical dat...

• Word Count: 2857
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

One must know a timeframe for the "sudden trend- of terrorism as well as how terrorism and globalization will be defined for this paper. ... (http://www.globalpolicy.org/wtc/un/2002/0203definition.htm, p.1) The differences between the many definitions are subtle in words alone, but differ greatly in meaning, especially when defining a "terrorist- from a "freedom-fighter-. ... (http://www.globalpolicy.org/wtc/un/2002/0203definition.htm, p.2) Having a workable definition for this paper of terrorism, it would be too easy to define a "terrorist- as those who commit acts of terrorism. ... (http://...

• Word Count: 5631
• Approx Pages: 23
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate