Criminal minds are complex. ... Believe it or not, a criminal's brain is not like yours. ... Classical criminology observes that "people have free will to choose criminal or conventional behaviorsand that crime can be controlled only by the fear of criminal sanctions (Siegel). ... Each criminal has a unique set of characteristics that explain behavior. ... Bio criminologists believe that criminals are genetically predetermined. ...

• Word Count: 1551
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Dalton case shows the dilemmas faced by the component agencies of the criminal justice system, police, courts, and corrections, which have been established to apprehend, adjudicate, sanction and treat criminal offenders. ... What is the Criminal Justice system Criminal justice refers to the agencies fo government charged with enforcing law, adjudicating crime, and correcting criminal conduct. ... Only the criminal justice system has the power to control crime and punish criminal. The contemporary criminal justice system is monumental in size. ... The criminal courts The cri...

• Word Count: 2061
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It can call on UN members to act and apply economic sanctions and even military sanctions . ... These sanctions imposed on Iraq after its invasion of Kuwait led to widespread civilian suffering. ... For obvious reasons, these facts resulted in social dissatisfaction and they increased misery and criminal activity. ... Having realized the misery that the economic sanctions had caused to ordinary people in Iraq, the SC made an exception to help them. ... It insisted that the sanctions should be no longer implemented as they had fully complied with UN demands. ...

• Word Count: 2300
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

For example, Maori are 3.3 times more likely to be apprehended for a criminal offence than non-Maori. ... Along with the extremely alarming over representation of Maori in NZ prisons there has also been an increase in the punitive nature of the sanction being placed on those in the adult justice system in NZ. ... As a consequence custodial sentences are becoming more prevalent as a response to criminal activity. ... "Prison does work to prevent criminals harming innocent citizens. ... Criminals will spend more time in jail. ...

• Word Count: 1635
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

I will argue that every case that comes through the Canadian criminal justice system is different and deserves a fair trial with a sentence that is not already determined for the accused. ... History and Development A mandatory sentence is a fixed sanction prescribed by Parliament for committing certain crimes. ... Mandatory minimum sentences (MMS) of imprisonment have been a feature of the Canadian criminal justice system since 1892 when the first Criminal Code was enacted. ... He also states that Section 85 of the Criminal Code regarding firearm offences has failed and been inconsistently ...

• Word Count: 2147
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This paper examines juvenile and criminal justice policies and practices with respect to young offenders who cross over from the juvenile to the criminal justice system. ... The juvenile and criminal justice systems in the United States have experienced a tumultuous period over the past half century. ... Large numbers of juvenile offenders were removed from the juvenile justice system and placed in the criminal justice system. ... Both the juvenile and criminal justice systems are returning to an emphasis on rehabilitation and evidence-based practices. Moreover, there is considerable optimism ...

• Word Count: 2448
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

All other patients using marijuana medicinally are considered criminals. ... As it stands now, the expensive criminal laws which prohibit marijuana possession are unable to even deter marijuana use. ... With the same general aims as the Netherlands, two of Australia's eight territories removed criminal penalties for marijuana related offenses. ... Marijuana continues to be the third most popular recreational drug in the United States despite 60 years of criminal prohibition. ... Even the U.S government's studies concluded that, "existing research seems to indicate that there is litt...

• Word Count: 1417
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

How does the Criminal Justice System sentence an Aboriginal? The Criminal Code of Canada has made a lot of adjustments. ... Through the process of the courts and the Canadian Criminal Justice system it's required that the cultural considerations be a focus when sentencing offenders. ... In the Criminal Code of Canada, in the year 1996, Gladue was recognized in section 718.2 so that when sentencing an aboriginal offender, the judge must consider: 1. the unique systemic or background factors which may have played a part in bringing the particular aboriginal offender before the courts and 2...

• Word Count: 1872
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Effects of Capital Punishment on Crime Deterrence The topic of capital punishment is one of the most frequently debated topics in our criminal justice field. ... Banks (2013) states that punishment can be defined in different ways and states that punishment imposed as a sanction for criminal acts and consists of five elements: 1. ... Penal theory over time has been fluid, much like everything in the criminal justice system, which has changed our purpose for punishment. ... As society and the criminal justice system evolved, so too did the focus of punishment. ... Criminals do not act out o...

• Word Count: 1818
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

According to Diana Kendall, "crime is a behavior that violates criminal law and is punishable with fines, jail or other sanctions"(Kendall 1999; 161). ... Under the conflict perspective, hackers and other computer criminals are seen as deviant because many hackers break into large companies for the "mindless desire for glory (Pitchford; pages 10-13). " However besides hackers lack of any real criminal desires they are still seen as deviant because they blatantly while doing their hacking. ... Many hackers view the Internet as public space for everyone and do not see their actions as criminal...

• Word Count: 1428
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Indeed, an important point to understand about the nature of delinquency, and particularly female delinquency, is that youth can be taken into custody for both criminal acts and a wide variety of what are called "status offenses." ... Juvenile delinquents, then, are youths arrested for either criminal or non-criminal status offenses. ... It appears that girls charged with these non-criminal status offenses have been and continue to be significantly "over-represented in court population." ... To the point the sanctions for such misbehavior were extremely severe. ...

• Word Count: 1850
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It is used as a sanction for offences of which offenders stand convicted. ... The view that has gained support, whilst theories of punishment such as deterrence and rehabilitation have come under increasing attack, is that we punish criminals primarily because they deserve it. The Criminal Justice Act 1991 followed a White Paper which proclaimed that the aim was "better justice through a more consistent approach to sentencing, so that convicted criminals get their 'just deserts.'" ... It is of some significance that from the evidence on deterrence, the White Paper preceding the C...

• Word Count: 2252
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Indeed, the government would strike a match to any suggestion to balance their bloated budget, and the sanctioning of a five-leafed plant known as marijuana undeniably supports their cause. ... The growing child feels as though they are an appalling person, if they have any sense of morals, and the strain of changing from a law-abiding excellent young citizen to a criminal sends all the wrong messages into a youngster's mind. ... First off, the obvious fact that every marijuana dealer and smoker wouldn't be criminals any longer would greatly decrease crime itself. ... The police ...

• Word Count: 1724
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Records of Ancient Egypt indicate acts of criminal condemning by different methods of execution ("Classical Judaism" 142). Even though biblical references state executions of crucifixions and stoning of criminals, the Catholic Church, in addition to an array of various other faiths, still has plead politicians in America to end this form of punishment. ... Ziadeh, a scholar who has written on Islam and criminal law for the Oxford Encyclopedia of Modern Islam. Death is also sanctioned in adultery, he said. ...

• Word Count: 1667
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

If left without control, human trafficking will continue to spread and grow because there is increasing monetary gains to be made by the criminals involved in this trade at very low risk to them. ... Countries in this tier are subject to potential non-humanitarian and non-trade sanctions. ... Although economic factors are an important driver of human trafficking and push victims into situations that make trafficking more likely they also influence the criminals trafficking humans. ... It is estimated criminals make over $32 billion yearly from the trade and sale of humans; $15.5 billion of thi...

• Word Count: 2490
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Even when an act of rape was subject to criminal sanction, the law contained enormous barriers to effective prosecution. ... In contrast to the adversarial process of the traditional criminal justice system, restorative justice attempts to use a discursive process to arrive at a just and victim-centered resolutio...

• Word Count: 1816
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This paper will then discuss the meaning of decarceration, providing examples of decarceration practises and also consider the implications of these practises both for the individuals involved within the criminal justice system and for society as a whole. ... In medieval times deviant populations - such groups as the poor, impotent, aged, mentally ill, intellectually handicapped, beggars, vagrants and minor criminals - were not distinguished, but lumped together in a single ill defined entity and essentially responded to in similar ways. ... Decarceration (interchangeable with deinstitutiona...

• Word Count: 2402
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Women faced with unwanted pregnancies have turned to abortion, regardless of religious or legal sanction and often at considerable risk. ... Even after criminalization of abortion, women continued to have abortions in roughly the same proportions. ...

• Word Count: 1288
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

After the controversial scandals of organizations such as Enron, WorldCom, and Tyco, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act became law and procedure on July 30, 2002. The main aspects of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act policies and regulations were designed to prevent and deter future accounting fraud, protection for shareh...

• Word Count: 1379
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Washington State Medicinal Marijuana Act (Initiative 692) states in chapter 69.51A, "Patients with a qualifying diagnosis and a physician's recommendation for the medicinal use of marijuana, now have legal defense against criminal prosecution in Washington. ... Stroup says, "People are fed up with the notion that we need to send everyone to prison for minor drug offenses," particularly for activities sanctioned by the states. ...

• Word Count: 1318
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

There is an equivalent remedy in criminal law (Section 458 of the Companies Act) whereby the person who committed the fraudulent trade could face a fine or even imprisonment. ... Lonrho actually had no rights in the first place to the breach of sanctions. ...

• Word Count: 1609
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

After the controversial scandals pertaining to organizations such as Enron, WorldCom, and Tyco, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act developed into a law and procedure on July 30, 2002. The main aspects of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act policies and regulations were designed to prevent and deter future accounting fraud, ...

• Word Count: 1417
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Armenian Holocaust was the first genocide of the twentieth century; it decimated the Armenian Christians inhabiting Turkey and accounted for almost ten percent of Turkey's population at that time. History books choose to focus on the massacres that took place from 1915 through 1917 during the G...

• Word Count: 1964
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Recognition of Aboriginal customary law Generally speaking, the common law has not recognised (in the sense of giving legal enforcement to) Aboriginal customary laws, although some recognition of the existence of customary obligations and rights has been given in the criminal law, particularly when courts are sentencing Aboriginal offenders whose acts involved elements of, or were sanctioned by, Aboriginal customary law. ...

• Word Count: 2257
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Organizations devoted to protecting children from online criminal abuse but still promoting free speech have a high on-line presence. ... These packages are regulated by private companies and offer their synthetic regulation without any government sanctions. ...

• Word Count: 2413
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate