Globalization has enhanced the rate of crime. Global crimes include money laundering, terrorism, dealing in illicit drugs, war crimes, illegal trafficking in human beings and weapons. ... Causes of crime include unemployment, youth abandonment, and alienation. ... Social-structural explanations of gender-based violence are factors such as low income, bad housing, poor education, and unemployment. ... International organizations regard gender based violence as a threat to health or a violation of human rights (Pahl, 2005). ...

• Word Count: 761
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) periodically conducts Crime and Safety Surveys which provide information on both reported and unreported crimes as well as socioeconomic characteristics of the victims. ... Although crime victim surveys produce more accurate estimates of incidence and prevalence rates than police statistics, and confirm that many offences are not reported to police, they too are acknowledged to underestimate violent crimes of an intimate nature, particularly sexual assault, domestic violence and child abuse (Grabosky 1989; National Committee on Violence 1990). ... Vi...

• Word Count: 3415
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In their report Guidance for local partnerships on alcohol-related crime and disorder data' (2003) the Home Office suggested that alcohol-related crime or disorder should be defined as instances of crime and disorder that occurred, and/or occurred at that level of seriousness, because alcohol consumption was a contributory factor. ... A hidden crime that often goes unreported but worryingly shows an increasing link to alcohol is that of domestic violence. ... This is merely one facet of the problem that needs to be addressed and the reliability of the research upon which the white pape...

• Word Count: 1550
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The startling fact is that rape and sexual assault are increasingly becoming the fastest growing violent crime in our nation. ... Historically, rape was the sole "sex crime" recognized in law. ... The media is another societal-influenced based theory that encourages sexual aggression. ... This myth takes the responsibility of the crime away from the rapist and shifts it towards the victim. ... Based on police-recorded incident data, two-thirds of the victims 18 to 29 years old had a prior relationship with the rapist or knew the offender on a first name basis. ...

• Word Count: 2339
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

ACLU, American Civil Liberties Union, said it best: "A free society is based on the principle that each and every individual has the right to decide what art or entertainment he or she wants -- or does not want -- to receive or create. ... This analysis implies that the Chinese government will happily track open criticism, and that it will closely observe dissidents' connections to each other but crack down on anyone who tries to build a power base that it can't control. That makes some sense - although it's worth noting that the study was published in May 2013, which was befor...

• Word Count: 732
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Crimes with guns and knives wouldn't take place without the students having access to those weapons. ... It covers criminal acts from traditional street crimes to white-collar crime and juvenile delinquency. The exchange theory is based on the premise that people act according to a system of rewards or punishments. The exchange theory, as applied to bullying behavior, is based on a determination of costs and rewards. ... Coordinating privileges and punishments at home based on bullying at school helps, too, but do not use corporal punishment. ...

• Word Count: 2600
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

From the late 1980s, research on gender, crime and social issues, has hugely focused on the study of masculinity, and how there has become a correlation between masculinity and violence. ... Violent crime can be seen as a highly masculine activity. ... Whenever there is a media story in the news about a violent crime committed, we automatically assume that a male is a perpetrator. ... Crime surveys also have a role to play in the over-representation of males since statistics of crime have been collected from members of society in the British Crime Survey, as well as official policing statistic...

• Word Count: 3847
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Honor-based violence is a form of physical abuse that is predominantly perpetrated by males against female relatives. ... Honor-based crimes are motivated by a desire to preserve family or community honor. ... To the extent that current laws have failed to prevent such crimes, and statistics show that this is the case. ...

• Word Count: 1102
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Studies show that as children get older, those who have been abused and neglected are more likely to perform poorly in school; to commit crimes; and to experience emotional problems, sexual problems, and alcohol and /or substance abuse (Graham 58). ... They are unable to function in relationships and tend to get pregnant at an early age (Graham 62) Community-based domestic violence programs are beginning to work collaboratively with other agencies to develop more ample responses to mothers and children affected by domestic violence. ...

• Word Count: 2241
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

These ideas represent the Social Constructionist Theory, which is when male dominance is achieved through cultural beliefs that justify and perpetuate sex-based stratification systems that entitle men to greater power, prestige and wealth. ... In the article "Message for Violence against Women," some alarming statistics are stated about how many athletes are actually punished for committing crimes of domestic violence against women. Athletes are more severely punished for doing illegal drugs than they are for committing crimes of violence. ...

• Word Count: 1218
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The interventions that follow are based on a number of harmful, false assumptions: Alcohol use and/or alcoholism causes men to batter. ... Drinking itself has some (insufficiently specified, according to the authors) direct relation to the violent crime. People think that acute alcohol effects (i.e., drinking at the time of the crime) account for only a modest amount of the variation in violence among the men studied. ...

• Word Count: 992
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

According to Leonard Eron, one of the country's foremost authorities on media, "There can no longer be any doubt that heavy exposure to televised violence is one of the causes of aggressive behavior, crime and violence in society- (Levine, 1996, 4). ... Finally, people may get a false presumption of the world based on the influx of violence on television. ...

• Word Count: 2533
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

What is important is the extent to which nation-based conflicts regarding religion, language and ethnicity differences are causing statewide conflicts. ... (Smith 1992,256) When we look at political violence, we can figure out that in political violence there exists a rational aim in committing the crime. ... Political violence often forms its base on separation. ... However, Irish case is totally different from other ethnic based conflicts within the countries. ... What are considered to be really ethnic based conflicts in most of the previous conflicts are much more different than the L...

• Word Count: 2324
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In this paper, I argue that these observed differences between men and women are wrong and that they are simply socially constructed, based on social processes and learned through gender socialization. ... In my view, this perception is based mostly on the observation of different social behaviors for men and women in the everyday life. ... Some researchers concluded that women are worse child abusers than men, as well as younger women are involving in violent crimes (Frodi, Macaulay & Thome, 1977). ...

• Word Count: 1418
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Conduct In Military Housing Government housing or as some call it, on-base housing, serves as a benefit to our military families. ... There are soldiers and family members with criminal records, multiple acts of misconduct, poor living practices, and acts of prejudice that reside and attend schools on base. ... Garey Scott an investigator with the Provost Marshal's Office located at Fort Bragg stated, ""Gangs are like electricity, they follow the path of least resistance, often targeting middle school kids because they know they can use them to commit crimes and the courts really ...

• Word Count: 1120
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Society views this as a social problem because people believe that, with the increase in violent video games that are out on the market, violent crimes are also increasing. ... (Anderson, Dill) To me this seems psychological because it is based on how the mind reacts to the video games, which is psychological because it is focused mainly in the brain of the child. ...

• Word Count: 3204
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Since 1994, the government has provided support for these victims through various Violence Again Woman Act (VAWA) programs, the Family Violence Prevention and Services Act (FVPSA), and the Victims of Crime Act (VOCA). ... The Pell Grant, Academic Competitive Grant (ACG), and the Federal Supplemental Education Opportunity Grant (FSEOG) are all needs-based grants which can assist domestic violence victims if they want to earn a college diploma. Resource materials that explain the availability of these needs-based grants needs to be published and distributed to domestic violence victims. ...

• Word Count: 1350
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Gender inequality refers to unequal treatment of individuals based on their gender and this remains to be a major barrier to human development. ... Moreover, punishments for committing illegal crimes are harsher for women than they are for men. ... Women face much harsher punishments for committing a crime than men do, as they are considered weak and they don't have the rights to voice their opinions. ...

• Word Count: 2181
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Media and Pornography It started by way of messengers and scribes, evolved through the presentation of newspapers and radio, brought us together with television, and now serves us world-wide via the ever-popular Internet. It is the mass media, and even from the earliest days of its existence, it has contributed greatly in ways that both enlighten and enrich society, and ways that deteriorate and perplex it. It is not a surprise to learn that the mass media is the most powerful source of information we have, and nothing else in today's world influences public perception quite as hea...

• Word Count: 2679
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Other experiments conducted in the early 1980s by the Williams Committee in England, reported that as the availability and abundance of sexually explicit material increased, the number of violent sex crimes such as rape did not incr...

• Word Count: 2641
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The government's pressure on game companies led to the formation of the ESRB, an independent organization that gives video games age-appropriate ratings based on game content. ... However, adults may still learn behaviors through modeling; the fact that adults have, on rare instances, modeled violent crime copied from media sources is proof of this. ...

• Word Count: 2512
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Mankind's" history was dominated by violence, whether its political war, domestic violence, social violence or personal violence, violence had abided in our culture visibly and invisibly. In a general accepted point of view, violence and its implements on the body is a cognitive immor...

• Word Count: 2257
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The problem of battered women has only come into the limelight in the past few years, its progression toward public awareness paralleling the growth of the women's movement. Historically, there has never been any public outcry against the brutality of battered women. But now we are learning the pr...

• Word Count: 3017
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate