Tadmor notes that the author of the Dictionary published in 1755, Samuel Johnson, defined the term family as, "those who live in the same house." ... The apprentice's contract was formal as well, but not life-long in any sense. ... Tadmor notes that many people experienced orphan-hood, early widowhood and remarriage. She also notes that there were prevailing rates of mortality and life expectancy, as well as a high rate of remarriage. ... The fluctuating composition of the household-family was a very common thing in those times. ...

• Word Count: 1015
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Stereotypes and gender roles had a strong hold on society in the late 1800's, and because many women silently desired independence above all else, their wish for equality was a common theme in literature of that era. ... In a time when women had very little freedom and were "chained" to the running of their homes, Louisa Ellis' rejection of Dagget's marriage proposal symbolizes the emergence of women and their growing sense of autonomy. ... And because Louisa was unmarried and seemingly had no desire to do so, it was common belief that she had no hope of a prosperous future. ....

• Word Count: 2223
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Another correlate is alcohol consumption, most studies of violence against women note that alcohol often seems to be a related factor. ... Men who witness abuse while growing up as a child, who have been unemployed, who are married in a common law relationship, and those who have a low family income are more likely to adapt a patriarchal ideology which in turn is more likely to lead to an abusive male partner. ... Marital status measures grouped widows, married and common-law women together. ...

• Word Count: 3590
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate