An evaluation of data, found within numerous articles and two books concentrating on the issue of phonics versus whole language instruction, indicates that providing instruction in both whole language and phonics is the most effective way to teach elementary school students to read. ... The first instructors of English reading were priests who taught children to read by first introducing the alphabet, then the syllables that form words, and finally, the Primer, or Prayerbook (Davis, 1973, cited in Hempenstall). ... The phonic technique ruled supreme in the Unite...

• Word Count: 3094
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Robert K. Merton has contributed some of the most influential theories on the issue of deviance. Unarguably one of the most influential sociologists of our time, Merton has also made numerous contributions to the field of criminology. Merton's influence has also been felt by historians of science,...

• Word Count: 3988
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The teacher then launches the student on an individually tailored program through a series of books that are graded for difficulty. In each session, the child reads several books, beginning with one that is already familiar. ... These books provide natural language rather than a controlled vocabulary. These books also offer the child a chance to gain experience in fluent reading; (2) Independent reading of the previous days book from which the teachers does a running record or miscue analysis of the student's reading performance. ... There are approximately two thousand books that ar...

• Word Count: 3195
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The appellant Roth ran a business, based in New York, which published and sold books, photographs and magazines. ... Similarly, the appellant Alberts, ran a mail-order business based in Los Angeles and was charged with "lewdly keeping for sale obscene and indecent books, and with writing, composing and publishing an obscene advertisement of them"#. ...

• Word Count: 3509
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

4) Couliano cites the work of Ithamar Gruenwald in positing that though "a theory of Judaic origin would explain many Gnostic motifs....the Gnostic use of Jewish material...may include a mere echo, or indirect reflection of Jewish ideas and biblical reflections.... " (Frankfurter 1995) Although parts of Enoch are indeed characterized by the same attraction to heavenly revelation cited by Mr. ... The following concepts occur in both books, though are treated differently in each apocalyptic account : Monsters and the numbers 7 and 12. ...

• Word Count: 2680
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

1. Introduction India is one of the G-20 major economies and a member of the five major emerging national economies (BRICS). The economy of India is the seventh largest in the world. In 2015, the International Monetary Fund reports that in the last two decades, the average GDP growth rate over 5.8% and this fast-growing economic of India has attracted many foreign companies to settle subsidiaries in the country. Based on this background, this report gives a detailed analysis about sourcing of human resources of subsidiaries and international training about subsidiary companies. ...

• Word Count: 4443
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Conducting Public Relations Research: Methodologies and Resources The Practitioner Definition Various concepts of public relations offer a glimpse at the evolution of this communications function in organizations and as a part of society. It has been a difficult task for members of a burgeoning profession seeking a separate identity to pin down a catchall definition for its practice. In the early 1900s big business interests hired public relations practitioners to defend their interests against muckraking journalism and government regulation (Scott Cutlip, Allen Center & Glen Broom 2)...

• Word Count: 3252
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It was further found that this was not wholly due to the use of the masculine pronoun as a generic: "97 percent of the uses of "he" referred male humans or animals, or to persons presumed to be male" (the examples he cites are sailors and farmers). ... With this in mind it is easy to see why writers in general tend towards describing males even when the situation is wholly ambiguous (as in the example of animals in children's school books cited above). ...

• Word Count: 2723
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Abstract Charter schools are relatively new and are not without controversy. The purpose of this study is to understand how the people most affected by the development of charter schools (the students) feel about them. After a literature search and hypothesis development we created a self report measurement instrument based on the Likert scale asking about the education experiences of recent high school graduates from public, charter and private schools in our local area. 47 surveys were distributed using eight questions in four major areas: Perceptions of education quality, preparation for co...

• Word Count: 3194
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Double Standards of Citizenship and Identity Both Martha Nussbaum and W.E.B Du Bois dedicate their philosophical writings to support the value of human rights. Both writers believe that through education, these values can be effectively transmitted and true citizens can be created. In For Love of Country?, Nussbaum promotes the rights of all human citizens, saying that there is no legitimate reason for valuing a single or group of individuals over another. She suggests that strong nationality and patriotism are dangerous because the sense of identity that results from them can lead ...

• Word Count: 2792
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Is any cliché in American public discourse quite as stale as "liberal media bias-? Probably not, unless it's "tax-and-spend liberal."" Is there a literate adult living in this country who hasn't heard or read that dull, deceptive phrase literally hundreds or even thousands of times? Not unless said...

• Word Count: 7521
• Approx Pages: 30
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Children and Bilingualism According to the 1990 United States Census, one in seven or 31.8 million people speak a language other than English in their home. In the past, second generation children were encouraged to adopt the customs, culture, and language of what was identified as the majority culture. Today, with greater recognition and celebration of cultural differences, people are more likely to maintain and share their primary language with their children and to promote bilingualism as a reflection of ethnic pride and identity. What is Bilingualism? Different people use the term in ...

• Word Count: 5919
• Approx Pages: 24
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Knowledge of various drugs, potions and techniques was available from home medical guides, from health books for woman, for mid-wives and irregular practitioners, and trained physicians. ... The earliest laws that dealt specifically with the legal status of abortion in the U.S. were inserted into Americans criminal code books between 1821 and 1841. ...

• Word Count: 3983
• Approx Pages: 16
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Environmental protection is not only a problem of each country it is also a serious and complicated issue all over the world. Ecotourism was adopted in the mid 1970's. Ecotourism is responsible travel that conserves natural environments and sustains the well being of local people and tourists...

• Word Count: 3089
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

When I compare my own country to the U.S, I do not have to have read books or taken lessons to know that America is a highly religious country, and has been since its earliest days. ... Thomas Jefferson, often cited as instrumental in the case for religious independence, was a man highly influenced by the Enlightenment14. ...

• Word Count: 3342
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Pablo PicassoI have researched into Pablo Picasso, and have found one of his linoleum cuts. The linoleum cut is called 'Still Life under a Lamp' (1962) it is the most brilliant example of Picasso's one-block linoleum cuts. It represents well, too, highly decorative turn his vision took in his last d...

• Word Count: 3493
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The personality theorist, according to the editor of one of the leading journals in the field (Funder, 1994), has "an interest in what individual human beings think, feel, and do," including "how the social situation affects and is affected by the individual." Personality theory, wrote Walter Mischel, is concerned not only with differences between individuals, but also with "the basic processes of adaptation through which people interact with the conditions of their lives" (Mischel, 1993). Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) One of the primary disorders of the personality is borderline...

• Word Count: 3269
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Although numerous articles and books have been published devising means by which to reduce variance within the system, the most recent, and probably most contentious, is that of Paul Butler, Associate Professor of Law, George Washington University Law School, and former Special Assistant United States Attorney in the District of Columbia. ... However, Butler does cite past and contemporary administration of the death penalty, disparities between punishments for white-collar crimes and punishments for other crimes, more severe penalties for crack cocaine users than for powder cocaine users, and...

• Word Count: 3584
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Introduction Athletes have been taking performance-enhancing drugs in different forms for centuries; the furthest dated supplement used to increase performance was used in Ancient Greece, when they would ingest doop with the hopes of increasing their performance and becoming some of the first Olympic champions. Since then, the development of Performance-enhancing drugs has hit a rapid increase and massive amounts of more powerful drugs have been produced. Athletes of different sports, gender and age use these drugs all over the world. Many different sporting organizations are strongly involv...

• Word Count: 4945
• Approx Pages: 20
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In a world where so many people from all spheres of influence are suffering and being plagued by this deadly virus that has spread and almost engulfed the whole world, it is of great importance to look at the way in which Christianity have done or need to do in response to HIV and AIDS. There are ma...

• Word Count: 5303
• Approx Pages: 21
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Is Legalization A Realistic Alternative To The War On Drugs? For years, the issue of legalization has been an increasingly controversial subject. Millions of dollars are spent annually in the War on Drugs causing many to wonder if this fight is cost-effective or if an alternative such as legalization would be more realistic than current efforts in drug prevention. Opponents state that with legalization would come an increase not only in availability, but also with everything associated with that availability. This includes suffering of users and their loved ones, death of users and innocent...

• Word Count: 4794
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Microsoft Case Part I: The government has been looking into Microsoft since 1990, when the Federal Trade Commission first started examining charges of monopolistic behavior. In 1995, Microsoft and the U.S. Justice Department reached a settlement that required the company to change a variety of business practices, including key aspects of its licensing agreements with personal computer makers (2). Microsoft has grown into an enormous and powerful corporation by a combination of aggressive business practices and having written operating systems (DOS and Windows) for personal computers. From oper...

• Word Count: 3592
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Abstract Rebellion as an act of disobedience and its evaluation are the focus of area in this research paper. The factors that lead to rebellion including discrimination, social class, ethics and free will are thoroughly worked upon to investigate whether rebellion is a justified act of subversive b...

• Word Count: 4267
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Quoted from (Boyd, 2002) he cites (Hyman 2001) stating that the term social partnership originated in the German language, first characterising the collective actors in industrial relations as Sozialpartner and then specifying a broader concept of Sozialpartnerschaft . ... For the secondary research, relevant academic sources, in the form of books, journals and websites, were utilised to create a detailed 'Literature Review'. ...

• Word Count: 5360
• Approx Pages: 21
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Two major themes emerge from the study of these brilliant books and the lives of the women they feature: controversial events in the lives of each woman created a sharp divide among the members of each faith tradition; and their alleged adulterous backgrounds originated from and were crystallized by fearful male-dominated hierarchical societies. ...

• Word Count: 3461
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate