Therefore, unless weak credit administration and/or underwriting practices become evident by the bank's primary regulator, who then forces correction action in those areas identified, management has been generally slow in revising current practices. ... Although the regulatory agencies do not require that a bank utilize a software system to evaluate credit information, it would seem beneficial to deploy some type of a software program to aid in assessing for credit risk within the institution and to provide a more beneficial approach in analyzing comparative financial statements, incom...

• Word Count: 4434
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

All depository institutions "commercial banks, saving banks, savings and loan associations, and credit unions "must retain a percentage of certain types of deposits to be held as reserves. ... At the end of 1993, 4,148 member banks, 6,042 nonmember banks, 495 branches and agencies of foreign banks, 61 Edge Act and agreement corporations, and 3,238 thrift institutions were subject to reserve requirements. ... Depository institutions hold required re-serves in one of two forms: vault cash (cash on hand at the bank) or, more important for monetary policy, required reserve balances in ac...

• Word Count: 4049
• Approx Pages: 16
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The IMF and the World Bank are the two dominant governance institutions in the world. ... These changes ultimately made the IMF very similar to the World Bank. ... For example, the World Bank's data indicates that per capita income was lower in 1999 for nine countries than in 1960: Haiti, Nicaragua, Central African Republic, Chad, Ghana, Madagascar, Niger, Rwanda, and Zambia (World Bank 2002). ... For instance, the corrupt rules of China are among the largest recipients of credit from the World Bank. ... The lending programs that the IMF and the World Bank...

• Word Count: 3351
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

However, a more serious development was the withdrawal of foreign credit lines during the course of 1985. ... Both consumer and business confidence levels are improving, confirmed by an increase in private sector credit demand, which is resulting in increased private sector investment as well as consumption spending. ... The Reserve Bank has repeatedly stressed that its role in making South Africa more attractive for foreign capital is to curb the rate of growth in the money supply, avoid excessive reliance on an inflationary expansion of bank credit with a view to sustaining economic grow...

• Word Count: 6046
• Approx Pages: 24
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It has taken off as a concept in the wake of the collapse of the Soviet Union and of socialism as a viable alternate form of economic organisation. ... The fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of the Soviet Union ended the cold war between the forces of capitalism and socialism with capitalism triumphant. ... The World Bank provides loans to poor countries for development projects. The bank provides loans for investment projects, such as water and sanitation, natural resource management education and health. ... They share a concern that the global organisations such as the International ...

• Word Count: 9131
• Approx Pages: 37
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Its subsidiaries are The Hong kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited, Hang Seng  Bank  Limited, HSBC Bank plc, CCF S.A., Household International, Inc., HSBC  Bank  USA N.A., HSBC  Bank Brasil S.A. ... In 2004, the Bank of Bermuda joined the Group and minority stakes were acquired in India's UTI  Bank and China's  Bank  of Communications Ltd. ... In fact, on 6 December 2004, HSBC made a commitment to become the world's first major bank to achieve carbon neutrality by 2006. ... To offset these emissions, HSBC has bought 170,000 tons of carbon offset credits from f...

• Word Count: 4087
• Approx Pages: 16
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This case can be found in most of the former Soviet Union, and most of Latin America, because they use foreign currency in a way which is not legal tender. ... In this case, the stocks and bonds must be brought back from the public and bank[Edw03]. ...

• Word Count: 3668
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

With most of the workers unhappy with the relative conservativism of the Trades and Labor Congress, which that at the time primarily consisted of craft unions, the dissidents formed the One Big Union in March of 1919. ... The real goals of these players in both countries were to crush the union movement and preserve elitist political control. ... The farmers were alienated by the actions of the Borden government in terminating the Wheat Board, and giving authority to the chartered banks to "impose a sudden credit halt" (McNaught, 1976, p. 221). ... Nevertheless, the Borden government, along...

• Word Count: 2998
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

An increase in credit flexibility might have helped reduce some of the dramatic effects of the stock market crash. ... Banks had been closing all over the country due to frightened citizens withdrawing all of their money. ... With this new trust in banks being established, the focus was turned to the common household and farmers. ... This form of aid would also be instrumental in helping the mortgage-holding banks to stay in business. The Frazier-Lemke Farm Bankruptcy Act was aimed at helping to save farms from going under due to bank foreclosure. ...

• Word Count: 3128
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The global credit crisis was one of the longest, deepest, and most painful in history. ... But unlike in Russia, Turkish investor's inclination to save in dollars proved helpful to companies and the central bank. ... (Cavusgil) The political system consists of political parties, interest groups, trade unions, and legislative authorities. ...

• Word Count: 3134
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Board would set national interest rates and manage a network of twelve major banks across the country. These banks, which would issue currency, would in turn work with local banks. ... Amendments also provided for exclusive governmental control of the Federal Reserve Board and for short-term agricultural credit through the reserve banks. ... Wilson's administration produced major legislation on tariffs, banks, business, and labor. It had been responsible for laws that restricted child labor, promoted the welfare of seamen, and created a credit system for farmers. ...

• Word Count: 2686
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Task 1 Different Types of Organizations and the Purpose 1.1 Purpose of organization Before we learn about the types of organizations, we need to learn the basic purpose of setting organizations. The main purpose of organization is to provide a pathway to their business setup and to set the main o...

• Word Count: 6987
• Approx Pages: 28
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In 1944 the allied leaders gathered at Bretton Woods and agreed to set up an international bank for reconstruction and development, the World Bank and an International Monetary Fund (IMF), designed to stabilise exchange rates and balance of payments internationally. ...

• Word Count: 3038
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The good feelings, perhaps better termed complacency, were stimulated by two events of 1816, during the presidency of James Madison: the enactment of the first U.S. protective tariff and the establishment of the second National Bank. ... Thucydides' statement, born of the experiences of ancient Greece that "identity of interests is the surest of bonds whether between states or individuals" was taken up in the nineteenth century by Lord Salisbury's remark that "the only bond of union that endures" among nations is "the absence of all clashing interests." ...

• Word Count: 4234
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Social Partners is the term used to designate the representative organisations of trade unions and employers. ... The concept implies that trade unions and employers have significant areas of common interest and that their differences are susceptible to resolution through building consensus (Boyd, 2002). ... As it relates to countries implementing this Social partnership practice, (Murphy, 2002) emphasized in this journal that the governance methods within Ireland involves the Social partnership model which is based on employer's, trade unions and farmers since 1987. ... He went onto say...

• Word Count: 5360
• Approx Pages: 21
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Can they afford social unrest due to required reforms of the eco-nomic and social system just one year before local elections, which in turn would lead to the country's accession to the European Union on January 1, 2007? ... But the account of Adrian Nastase's Government should be viewed in the light of dif-ferent considerations: Thus, the Romanian foreign policy has produced some positive results, as for instance the lifting of the visa requirement for Romanians traveling to the European Union since January 1, 2002, the invitation received last year in Prague to join the Nato and...

• Word Count: 6376
• Approx Pages: 26
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

So why is it that recently in Dubai, the International Telecoms Union (ITU) which is a UN agency for information and communications technology, holding meetings to consider regulating it as well as cellular networks. ... The History of the International Telecommunication Union As was mentioned in the previous page, each nation has had the responsibility of managing many of their own infrastructure concerns. ... The first take on an international agency chartered with the responsibility for such standards was the International Telegraphical Union. ...

• Word Count: 6425
• Approx Pages: 26
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Four definitions emulating these differences come from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), The Mitchell Commission, Title 22 of the United States Code, and the European Union (EU) Council of Ministers of Justice and Home Affairs. ...

• Word Count: 5631
• Approx Pages: 23
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

That figure fell below 50 per cent after the immigration of Sephardi Jews (Maghrib and Asia minor) and Oriental Jews (Irak, Yemen and Syria) from Arab countries, but increased again above 50 per cent as a result of the large scale immigration of Jews from the former Soviet Union and other East European countries at the end of the 1980's. ... The 1975 Agreement has been supplemented since its implementation by several «  financial   » protocols " subsidies and credits conditions granted to Israel as «  technical and financial co-operation   » " and a...

• Word Count: 5872
• Approx Pages: 23
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The early years of PaPa Doc's rule were dominated by his inexorable personal drive to utterly neutralize any potential forces of opposition, including such formidable organizations as the official church and army of the Haitian people, the country's business elite, its political parties and established trade unions, not to mention the embassy of the United States' Government. ... Banks, state-operated firms and foreign-aid institutions all fell prey to the Regié, all assuming the roles of private treasure chests for president Duvalier. ...

• Word Count: 2736
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Aging outlaws whose manner of supporting themselves (bank/train robbery) is becoming too difficult; the world they know is dying, and they seem hell bent on dying with it. ... Another example of the type of storyline you will not see in a classic western the portrayal of General Custard in the film, Little Big Man (1970), and how the Union soldiers are portrayed in, The Good, The Bad, and The Ugly (1966), as inept morons. ... The tone of modern Westerns is much more serious, and of darker note; even the music used in the opening credits of classic Westerns is upbeat and cheery, such as in Shan...

• Word Count: 2622
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Introduction The purpose of this paper is to analyse the European airline industry in terms of strategic issues. This is achieved both practically by investigating the environment of the industry and theoretically by studying some theoretical framework and models concerning strategic analysis. There are three main sections in this report. The first section is about analysing the environment of the industry. It contains an analysis of the external factors affecting organisations operating within the industry. ...

• Word Count: 4942
• Approx Pages: 20
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The beginnings of democracy can be credited to the Greeks of the sixth century BC. ... This system is in no way perfect, and this is why we must pursue a more perfect form of democracy and a more perfect union between our citizens, states and country (Pious; Sanford 20-27). ... Participatory Democrats feel that citizens should have a voice not only in government but also in corporations, unions, schools, churches and other institutions that have a direct impact on their lives. ...

• Word Count: 3560
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This seemed to be a never-ending cycle for the farmers that eventually drove them to borrow from the railroad companies as well as banks, which predictably resulted in large debts for the farmers. ... Falling crop prices, high credit rates, and unscrupulous merchants and creditors left many croppers in debt after the harvest. ... They worked for legislation to protect immigrants from exploitation, limit the working hours of women, mandate schooling for children, recognize labor unions, and provide for industrial safety. ...

• Word Count: 2825
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Deposits are also insured by the Indian version of the Fed (the Reserve Bank of India). Numerous methods for repatriation exist, including the common international wire transfer, Western Union, international cheques etc. ...

• Word Count: 3778
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: Undergraduate