(Grapes 9) In layman's terms, it tries to give everyone a fair chance, regardless of his or her background and status. Even as many individuals maintain that affirmative action is traceable back to the Civil War, the civil rights movement pushed affirmative action into the American media and governmental issues beginning in the 1950's. ... This practice of "turning the other cheek" was put to the test during the civil rights movement of the 1950's and 60's. ... Since many of the minorities and women come from either poor backgrounds or centuries of bias, the search for ...

• Word Count: 3796
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Since racism and indifference had restricted rights for blacks, executive orders issued by presidents in the 1950s and 1960s established the concept of anti-discrimination measures to guarantee fair treatment of blacks by government contractors. ... In response to the civil rights movement, President John F. ... Black (not of Hispanic Origin), Hispanic such as Mexican, Cuban..., American Indian: people of North America. ... As Justice Lewis Powell stated, "[N]o..facial infirmity exists in an admissions program where race or ethnic background is simply one element to be weighed fairly again...

• Word Count: 1414
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Perhaps the most difficult aspect, however, of the Court's creation would be the reality that this Constitution in no way implied what the true "power" of the Court was outside of being capable of reversing or affirming state court decisions denying rights granted by treaties, laws, or the Constitution itself. ... Georgia were upheld, the members of the Court still realized that the Constitution itself did not explicitly give to them the power that they desired. ... Here, he declared what no one would dispute: "Georgia cannot be viewed as a single, unconnected sovereign power, on whos...

• Word Count: 4341
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate