The Europeans began to settle Australia on the 26th of January as a convict colony in 1788. ... In 1788, there were an estimated 300,000 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders living in Australia (www.schoolnet.ca/aboriginal/issues/health-e.html). ... As Aboriginal culture was not dominant in these times, white Australians found it easy to attempt to make Australia all white. ... However, today, socio-economic statistics suggest that indigenous Australians have poorer health, poorer levels of education, higher unemployment rates, and higher rates of poverty than non-Aboriginal Australians. 38%...

• Word Count: 1082
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The first recorded migration of Islam's to Australia was Indonesian. ... Fishing became the reason for many people from Makassar to be visiting the Northern shores of Western Australia By the 1820's a large number of Indonesian fishers were reported to be coming to Australia quite frequently. ... Muslims were not recorded in the 200years of historical European writings of Australia. ... When the scope of the large land of Australia was known, a need for some for of transportation was introduced; this is where the Afghan cameleers came from They came to Australia during the late 183...

• Word Count: 609
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Throughout history many groups have faced unjust and discriminating treatment that has resulted in war and violence. Church history reflects both the divine and human and as a result of the human response to the divine, the church has become more divided. ... Throughout the history of the Church, Christians have experienced both co-operation and conflict regarding individual beliefs. ... Many splits have occurred throughout history with major ones due to the European and English reformation. The process o reform in England created conflict and tension within society, and much of Australian hi...

• Word Count: 953
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The history of Australian photography is most interesting has paved the way for the ever growing form of art, that is photography. ... The major influences on Australian photography were the European Pictorialists who emulated the styles of the French impressionist's painters. Australia then attempted to emulate the highlights of Australian impressionism. The aims and practices of Australian photographers was to create a black and white image conveying a sentimental, narrative, romantic, picturesque images of Australia. ... I Max Dupain is an Australian Modernist with the talent to cre...

• Word Count: 410
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Australia government gives foreign aid to several countries that have lower living standards than Australia. ... PNG is Australia's closet neighbour. PNG and Australia have a history together; these two countries have a special relationship, as PNG was Australia's colonial territory before becoming an independent country in 1973. ... Every year Australia provides food to many countries every year. ... Many of this tonnage of food were from the farmers and suppliers of Australia. ...

• Word Count: 1043
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

He used wide perspectives in his paintings of Australian landscapes to establish a sense of scale and grandeur. ... For example, Joseph Lycett, a British forger who was evicted from England and forcibly transferred to Australia, was one of the earliest artists who recorded the Australian landscape. He was employed to paint promotional pictures of Australia in order to persuade British people that Australia was a civilized country, raising curiosity and interest in this new land. In order to convince his audience, Lycett has to depict peaceful scenes of Australia, regardless of the reality of t...

• Word Count: 567
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

However, there has been an arising problem with how the Australians treat the refugees seeking asylum. ... Brief History The Australians are convinced that they are "drowning" with refugees, having the amount of asylum seekers amounted to as high as 10 percent of the Australian immigration. ... The policy was announced on 19 July 2013 by Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd and Papua New Guinean Prime Minister Peter O'Neill. The policy is conducted against the terms of the Refugee Convention in which Australia is a signatory as it is the responsibility of the Australian governm...

• Word Count: 919
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

When the British arrived in Australia, they declared the land Terra Nullius. ... This resulted in the British declaring sovereignty over Australia and taking over the Australian commonwealth of property and land. ... "In terms of civil law, the High Court appears to acknowledge that indigenous customary law can and does co-exist with Australian common law." ... This is because the European system is one that has been imposed on them and has never, throughout history, put the needs and customs of the Aborigines first. The integration of Aboriginal customary law into the Australian legal system...

• Word Count: 1027
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

POLITICAL AND LEGAL STUDIES RESEARCH AND ORAL PRESENTATION AUSTRALIA AND CHINA Australia and china both have very independent political and legal systems. Both countries political and legal systems are heavily influenced through their history and development in society to form a national identity. ... A governor general is then appointed to represent the queen when she is not in Australia. ... Elections in Australia and china In Australia and China elections are democratic and are extremely similar. ... This is a relatively closed system The Australian Judicial System The Au...

• Word Count: 997
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

There they were placed into white Australian schools, where they were taught to forget about their heritage and to become an white Australian. ... Aboriginal women were made to marry white Australian men to slowly breed out the race. ... That all schools curriculum includes units of work on the history of the Stolen Generation and that "parenting-skills" and "family well-being" programs be established to support victims of forced removal. In addition an annual National "Sorry Day" is celebrated on May 28 to remember the history of forcible removal and its effects towards Australia. ... Durin...

• Word Count: 1115
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

History of Christianity in Australia Christianity first came to Australia in 1788 with the Reverend Richard Johnson, a Church of England (Anglican) minister, who sailed with the First Fleet. ... On 3 February 1788 he conducted the first Christian service in Australia under a gum tree. ... Gradually some Australian will be converted and Christianity would decline. ... According to the latest census figures published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, there are now 199,812 Buddhists in Australia. ... Buddhists now make up 1.1% of the Australian population. ...

• Word Count: 1096
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The 1998 Waterfront Dispute was described by John Howard as "a defining moment in Australia's industrial relations history." ... John Howard's comment on the 1998 Waterfront dispute between the Maritime Union of Australia and Patrick Stevedores was a hypocritical and ignorant description of one of Australia's worst industrial relations disputes. The Australian Government considers that Australia is poorly served by its waterfront industry. ... "The globalising strategies of both Labour and Liberal governments have intensified the pressure on Australian employers to maintain inte...

• Word Count: 372
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Peter Weir's movie Gallipoli, starring a young Mel Gibson and Mark Lee, is based on the historical landing of Australian troops onto Turkish shores in 1915, in the area known as Gallipoli. ... This landing is now seen in Australia as a tragic but significant event in our history, the soldiers that were sent to Turkey are now known as the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZACS). ... The Australian terrain is a little more "alive" with more vegetation and more water. ... iii) The scenes depicted in Gallipoli are mainly rural, during that time the states of Australia were still ...

• Word Count: 770
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In Australia, it is encouraged that everyone should achieve the very best that they can naturally achieve by hard work, eating properly and sensible training. ... Australia has a strong spirit for our athletes because we do so well in competition and our athletes do not condone the use of drugs to achieve artificial results. ... Continued testing in today's world is necessary to protect the history of world records and best performances. Competing untested would only result in sports" history and its future becoming a mockery, and then we would loose our benchmark to base the future ...

• Word Count: 851
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Based on the compelling and provocative 1992 stage play written by Nick Parsons, Dead Heart taps into the timely and heated ongoing debate concerning the complex and delicate issue of racism, integration and multi-culturalism in Australia. As with Peter Weir's The Last Wave, Dead Heart uses the background of a murder mystery to further explore this complex issue of Aboriginal culture and traditions and the inevitable clash that results when white Australians try to impose their own system of beliefs, values and history. ... James Bartle's cinematography is superb, wonderfully captu...

• Word Count: 882
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It had a long history of interaction with its surrounding countries. ... On the part of Australia, one of its major trade partner is China. ... The strong ties between Australia and China developed over the years is at stake. ... Australia should formally recognize Tibet as an independent nation. ... Otherwise, how long can Australia keep silent so as not to rock the boat?...

• Word Count: 865
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Chartered Accountants can find work in a wide variety of areas in Australia and worldwide. ... Chartered Accountant is a business and finance adviser who has completed the institute of Chartered Accountants in Australia. ... To become a qualified Chartered Accountant in South Australia you have to complete an accredited degree, complete the Chartered Accountant Program and have three years work experience mentored by the Chartered Accountant in Chartered Accountant accredited firms and commercial organizations. ... Mr Trumble's work history is ETST, St Johns Ambulance, and Guide Dogs As...

• Word Count: 298
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Australian Bureau of Statistics states that, "Two or more persons who live in the same household and are related to each other by blood marriage or adoption", are what is considered a family. ... In 1997 there were 502,900 one-parent families, with 845,700 children involved (source: The Australian, June 1997). ... History suggests that it was the women whom were always the single-parents under the circumstances. ... These statistics portray significant social change, mainly for family life, which in turn has affected the size and structure of families within Australia. ... According...

• Word Count: 1079
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Australia's Relations with Japan and other Pro-Whaling Nations Introduction Commercial whaling is a very controversial issue. ... Commercial whaling is the focus of a debate between pro-whaling nations such as Japan and Norway and anti-whaling nations like Australia, United States and the UK. ... Japan along with many nations have a long history and tradition of whaling and it is part of their culture. ... Australia argues that the hunting technique is cruel and inhumane. ... Australia and Japan have a precious relationship on many different fronts. ...

• Word Count: 939
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The group I have chosen to discuss is that of homosexual people, a minority group in Australian society. ... Until recently in Australia's history, consenting adults engaging in homosexual activity in private were considered to have been committing a crime. ... However, the legal system has not been able to meet all the needs of gay and lesbian Australians to the extent that they have real equal rights with heterosexual Australians in areas such as; formal recognition of relationships, adoption of children and access to public IVF treatment and sperm banks, and rights regarding the colle...

• Word Count: 756
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

History has shown us what a huge harm discrimination can do to minorities in our society. In Australia, we have a number of laws in place to minimize discrimination, for example Racial Discrimination Act 1975. ...

• Word Count: 499
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

MARY MACKILLOP Mary MacKillop is significant to Australia's large Catholic population and the strong Catholic tradition within Australian culture. ... Her refusal to submit to patriarchal Church authority, a fierce independence, and the egalitarian attitude of her life and work recommend her as a strong female in Australian history. ... She was beatified in 1995 by Pope John Paul II, and is the first Australian to have had this honor. ... She saw the improvement and expansion of education within Australia. She was also a very predominant woman in those times of Australian History a...

• Word Count: 659
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Australia's Relations with Japan and other Pro-Whaling Nations Introduction Commercial whaling is a very controversial issue. ... Commercial whaling is the focus of a debate between pro-whaling nations such as Japan and Norway and anti-whaling nations like Australia, United States and the UK. ... Japan along with many nations have a long history and tradition of whaling and it is part of their culture. ... Australia argues that the hunting technique is cruel and inhumane. ... Australia and Japan have a precious relationship on many different fronts. ...

• Word Count: 939
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Australian Aborigines have been on this Australian land for over 40,000 years. ... Throughout it will explore the concept of Aboriginality of the Australian Aborigines, looking at the history of the Aborigines and exploring the culture of the Aborigines. ... The Australian culture is a gathering of stories of battlers, bush-rangers and soldiers. The Australian culture implements other cultures, as Australia is a multicultural society. ... There are many aspects that impact the Australian culture they include, language, fashion, multiculturalism, Australian films, food, songs, sport, Abo...

• Word Count: 739
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Ever since Charles Darwin published his theories on evolution, scientists all over the world have been working to discover the true, full history of mankind's journey from living in the jungles of Africa to populating the whole world. This article "Not Out of Africa" tells the story of a lone Australian archaeologist whose 1968 discovery would rock the foundations of everything we knew, or thought we knew, about the beginning of mankind. ... In 1968 an Australian archaeologist, Alan Thorne, discovered a 60,000 year old fossilized skeleton in a dried up lake in the aboriginal land of Aus...

• Word Count: 448
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate