Use of animal research data to affect change in their patients is rarely used by clinical psychologists. ... Due to the unavoidable biological differences between human beings and animals, the results of animal tests can't be applied to human beings with any degree of confidence. ... The Food and Drug Administration has been faulted on animal drug data. ... The drug was supposed to be a precautionary measure that would protect the soldiers in case Saddam Hussein engaged in biological, chemical warfare. ... Why bother with animal experiments when we already know what happened to human bein...

• Word Count: 2170
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It has been long thought of as simply a way to get over the feelings of guilt from eating animals, but the truth of the matter is much more complex. ... In Buddhism for example, humans are not supposed to eat any animal products as an exercise of spiritual respect (Singer, 1995). ... Thus the popularly accepted reason for the choice of vegetarian eating habits, the feeling of doing something wrong by killing animals for food (Wilson, 2004). Thus, people begin to feel a conscience, a sense of obligation towards saving animal lives, hence the movement away from animal products (Singer, 1995). ....

• Word Count: 1275
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Big-game hunting is the hunting of large game for meat, other animal by-products (such as horn or bone), trophy or sport. ... With wildlife preserves being the only protection these innocent animals have, there are very few places where big-game hunting is legal. ... One of the most unethical things a hunter can do is not follow up his shot, and everything possible should be done in order to retrieve that animal. Morally speaking, those that partake in hunting whether it be big or small, are supposed to ensure a one shot kill, therefore the animal isn't forced to suffer. ... I used repeti...

• Word Count: 1255
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Kanellis 3 We, as humans, are capable of controlling nature to some sort of degree, unlike any other animal on earth. ... Every single year people and animals arrive at their death from the pollution we have caused. ... A study was performed that focused primarily on probable rising diseases in animals from contamination. ... Thus, this study has elevated awareness to the impact of contamination of animals and its influence on our environment ("Center For Food And Animal Health"). ... There is nothing but harm from these weapons that are supposed to help us. ...

• Word Count: 1273
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Although people might see animals as a source of food and simply as property, chickens must be treated humanely because animals have lives that are valuable. ... Some, however, might say that chickens have no feelings and are just farm animals and must be treated like a farm animal because is why they are on the Earth, to be eaten. Some people might view chickens as just farm animals and property that they own which entitles them to treat their animals however they want whether putting them in small cages, cutting their beaks, or killing them inhumanely. ... Others also state that we live in ...

• Word Count: 2131
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The city exists by nature; a human being is by nature a political animal: The genus of a city is community, koinania; it is to be distinguished from such other communities as the husband-wife community, the master-slave community, the household, and the village or clan. ... While recognizing that human beings have not always lived in cities, and that in this sense they are products of human ingenuity (1253a31), Aristotle at the same time claims that the city exists by nature, and that a human being is by nature a political animal (1253a2-3). ... He means that the capacities of the city subsume...

• Word Count: 1587
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Many experts argue that Genetically Modified foods are actually beneficial to, not only people, but animals, plants, and the world overall. ... As a final point, GMO's are supposed to reduce the cost of farming and create cheaper products; all the same, GMO's have failed to do that as well. ... Not only have animal been affected, but humans as well; Smith's research shows that, in the Pacific Northwest, about "five-hundred people reported allergy or flu-like symptoms", and some of those same people "had to go to the emergency room" because the effects were s...

• Word Count: 1708
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Before studies are done on humans, especially in studies with neuroprosthetics, studies in rats and monkeys must be performed and they have to be reviewed and approved by the local Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. ... Animal testing can only prove so much until human testing must be used to test applications such as complex communication or elaborate, highly flexible movement control (Wolpaw and Wolpaw, 2012). ... Rejection, damage, and degradation of electrodes contacting neural tissue may cause impairment to the neural tissue it is supposed to stimulate (Rosahl, 2007). ...

• Word Count: 1367
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In factory farming, animals are often fed loads of antibiotics for supposed "healthiness and growth." ... The notion is simple, killing the bacteria with mass antibiotics on animals meant for human treatment not only raises chances in ARB, but also poses a problem should a type of bacteria become immune to our general accessible medication. ...

• Word Count: 1384
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It boldly says in essence, 'Thou shalt not cause any species of plant or animal to go extinct.' ... An animal is endangered if it is in danger of becoming extinct throughout all or most of its natural range in the wild. An animal is threatened if it is very likely to fall into the endangered category in "the foreseeable future". ... Congress never appropriated enough to let the Fish and Wildlife Service make more than a small dent in what was supposed to be done', Bean says." ...

• Word Count: 1755
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Swift uses the creature of the "Yahoo" from the land of the "Houyhnhms", to question animal instinct within human nature, asking why people kill and commit acts of violence. ... "Upon the whole, the behaviour of these animals was so orderly and rational, so acute and judicious, that I last concluded that they must be magicians" (Page 249, Paragraph 2) In this case, "Houyhnhms" (horses) are completely rational, resulting in complete confusion for Gulliver. ... "My horror and astonishment are not to be described, when I observed in this abominable animal a human figure: the face of it indeed ...

• Word Count: 1742
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Have you ever wondered what it is like living in a homeless shelter, senior home or even an animal shelter? ... The people and animals who have no one to visit them and most likely spend their days sitting and doing nothing but what the people in charge of the facilities instruct them to and that has to be a rough lifestyle. ... Its teaching are supposed to be not only heartwarming, but give you the feeling that doing things for others is so helpful, and improving their situations brings hope to their lives. ... Many of those who take part in multiple styles of community service have the abili...

• Word Count: 1566
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

There are four main themes, or differences, that Diamond discusses in Guns, Germs, And Steel: differences in plant and animal species available for domestication, rates of diffusion and migration within continents, rates of diffusion and migration between continents, and the different demographics of the continents. ... He begins by discussing the anatomy and migration patterns of the earliest humans on earth, and then moves on to the extinction of the Australian/ New Guinean animals. ... I believe that Diamond did just what Bain claims a comparison is supposed to do. ... Diamond provides q...

• Word Count: 1597
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Abstract As long as languages appear, there have also been cultures. Culture is a vital part of the communication process. Consequently, it may be impossible for students to use the language appropriately without culture awareness. In fact, culture teaching in English Language Teaching has got more attention than ever before (Brooks, 1968). The aim of this paper is to identify the content, reasons and approaches culture teaching is applied in ELT classrooms. ...

• Word Count: 2477
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

There are wide angle shots of the apes and animals working and gathering fruits alongside each other, creating a sense of unity in the struggle to survive. ... Though the bones gave the apes the power to hunt for animals easier, it also taught them how to be violent out of the fear of losing power. ... The scene has no music in the background, not setting up what is supposed to be a happy occasion. ... With HAL being the acousmetre in scene, it alluded that Bowman kills the very thing that was supposed to be omnipotent and omniscience, solidifying his own power as a human. ...

• Word Count: 2216
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Every one of us on the planet, in some way or form has connections and relationships with other forms of life, most commonly in humans, but others bond with animals and other aspects of nature which appeal to their personalities most. ... Laws are supposed to help and benefit us, but from Camus' absurd view, law hinders a free existence. ... When he begins his tirade to the priest, it is almost as if he has achieved the enlightenment he needs in order to be ready for his death, which is ironic as that is exactly what a priest is supposed to do, allowing the condemned to be closer to god a...

• Word Count: 1691
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This allusion of Lennie to a bear reinforces the common sentiment among the characters that he is more akin to an animal, with more brawns than brainpower. The allusion to an animal hence becomes one of Lennie's major character traits and thus it is crucial for the narrator to depict Lennie as such in his introduction. ... However, one tends to be less forgiving towards Gatsby's supposed crime, who through Nick's word choice, has been characterized as scheming, clever and mentally aware of his actions. ...

• Word Count: 2039
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Furthermore, the constant comparison of the children to animals reveals a greater irony at hand. ... As he parodies the supposed practicality, altruism, and civility of the English he often views as inhumane, Swift reasons ironically that since Irish-born children of poverty are often illegitimate, then no ethical dilemma will exist for a man to impregnate multiple women, as only one bull is required to impregnate an entire herd. ...

• Word Count: 1418
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In The Republic, the philosophers are supposed to not know what suffering is so that when they are sent into battle, there is no chance of them becoming cowardly. ... It is an inherent trait in all animals to show attachment to one of their tribe, flock, herd or school. the guardians and philosophers of Socrates are devoid of that attachment. ...

• Word Count: 1371
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Looking through the convex lens "for almost an hour" is supposed to have a hallucinatory effect, as the view is dwarfed, flipped, and otherwise distorted as the glass was shattered. ... Hirst's works, which include dead animal displays and spin-art paintings, have sold for exceptionally high prices which is the reason to why he is one of the wealthiest artists living today. ...

• Word Count: 1258
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Some of these she wrote to describe the visual beauty of the painting in words, while others were almost entirely unrelated to the paintings they were supposed to be based on. ... The environments of both paintings are also very similar: both take place in a jungle setting under the same full moon, though "The Dream " is certainly far more diverse in both plant and animal matter. ...

• Word Count: 1428
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Basis of the Peace and Friendship Treaties The Government made the peace and friendship treaties sound very kind and polite because of the threat the Aboriginals imposed on the British, and the fear it gave them. The Europeans were at the time fairly weak compared to the Aboriginals, making them...

• Word Count: 2135
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

"In many parts of the Mesoamerican world, the ritual killing of plants, animals, and humans was carried out within a deep-seated belief that the dieties had created the universe out of their own self-immolations or the giving of some part of their essences" (Carrasco). ... The Aztecs believed that they owed a "blood debt to the Gods because they sacrificed themselves to create earth; and that blood was supposed to be necessary to keep the sun moving" (Graulich). ...

• Word Count: 2214
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Cummins surmises "Over the past 20 years Monsanto and the biotech industry, aided and abetted by indentured politicians and corporate agribusiness, have begun seizing control over the global food and farming system, including the legislative, patent, trade and judicial and regulatory bodies that are supposed to safeguard public interest.... The poisons and toxins used to ensure a full yield of GMO's or GE's are clearly related to an increase in infections, disabilities, disorders, and contaminations to both humans and animals. ...

• Word Count: 2262
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Theories serve several functions in the development and evaluation of scientific knowledge. Theories provide us with systematic procedures to evaluate social phenomenon. These procedures are well organized and comprehensive. Theories are not just knowledge structures; they are sets of interrelated...

• Word Count: 2386
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate