When it comes to the subject of animal rights there is a never ending debate of what is morally right to do to animals and what actions towards those animals are justified. Are medical experiments on animals justified? ... The biggest difference in these situations with human and animals is that humans are constantly looking forward to tomorrow, our actions are not solely based on instinct and we can reason our thoughts and actions, which animals essentially cannot do. ... I am against unreasonable animal cruelty for pleasure, factory farms, corporate animal experiments, and the mistreatment ...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Furthermore, these laws suppress our natural instincts. ... This "powerful instinct" is our innate impulse for destruction: "Besides the instinct to preserve living substance and to join it into ever larger units, there must another, contrary instinct seeking to dissolve those units and to bring them back to their primeval, inorganic state" (Freud 77). ... Freud traces all actions and instincts back to "sexual instinct" or what Freud refers to as libido and "aggressive instinct" (within the individual). ... Freud found that the difference between animals and humans with regards to work is q...

• Word Count: 1350
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Condescension to animals that are pets and people's companions, which, normally, has too little to do with taking insightful care of them, represents, most probably, one of the best possible outcomes of human and animal relations. ... These discussions address the highly sensitive and challenging issues of hunting wild animals, breeding farm animals to be used as food, and carrying out experiments on animals. ... Great amounts of chickens and other farm animals should be killed every year to feed these pets. ... "It is estimated that a billion small animals a year fall victim to the ...

• Word Count: 1313
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It is an instinct that is rooted in survival. A decidedly less conventional form of attraction, homosexuality (a type of sexuality wherein an animal is attracted to members of its own sex, as opposed to heterosexual where the animal is sexually attracted to the member of the opposite sex) is prevalent in a widespread number of animal species, it is not a recent development and it certainly is not exclusive to human beings. ... We may be very intelligent animals but we are animals nonetheless and are prone to be controlled by our instincts and our biochemistry. ... Yet as rational thought and...

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He believed that a person has an instinct for aggressions that can either be directed inward (depression or suicide), or directed outward (cause of the Columbine School murders). The instinct theory was the earliest explanation early psychologist could explain for aggression, stating that humans are genetically preprogrammed for such behavior. ... Austrian ethnologist and Nobel Prize winner, Konrad Lorenz claimed that an innate inherited fighting instinct, same as in humans as it is in animals. He argued that the suppression of aggressive instincts of humans and animals allow instincts to bu...

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The psychodynamic states that personality can be divided into three facets namely Id, ego and super ego and that it is shaped as the sex drive & life instinct(eros). It also believes that the aggressive drive & death instinct (thanatos) drives are changed in childhood at diverse times and struggles (Cardwell, et al., 2004). ... The assumption that there is little difference between humans and animals that brought the research on animals. ... The humanistic approach emphasizes on understanding human behaviour by studying humans not animals (Raghunathan, 2012). It has rejected the behavioral app...

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There are laws prohibiting the infliction of pain on animals, yet meat consumption is not forbidden (only restricted). ... In Jewish law, field corners and gleanings were to be left alone so that the poor and animals may take these portions at will. Hybridization (of plants and animals) is forbidden and fruit trees may not be destroyed. Under the precepts of this "instinct renunciation" Schorsch relates three specific tenets Judaism requires: first, "ideally, Scripture would have us live as vegetarians;" meat consumption is not forbidden but is restricted; there are detailed laws prohib...

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Swift uses the creature of the "Yahoo" from the land of the "Houyhnhms", to question animal instinct within human nature, asking why people kill and commit acts of violence. ... "Upon the whole, the behaviour of these animals was so orderly and rational, so acute and judicious, that I last concluded that they must be magicians" (Page 249, Paragraph 2) In this case, "Houyhnhms" (horses) are completely rational, resulting in complete confusion for Gulliver. ... "My horror and astonishment are not to be described, when I observed in this abominable animal a human figure: the face of it indeed ...

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This theory extends to all walks of life; for instance happiness is achieved in the animal kingdom through sustenance and survival (among other things). ... Primitive instincts of survival are even governed by perceptions of virtue. ... All humans and animals seek out pleasure and even good, virtuous people indulge accordingly so it obviously cannot be "sinful". ... Aristotle argues that morality is not an automatic response triggered by inborn human survival instincts. ...

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Human beings are an extremely complex and highly developed species with capabilities far beyond the animals that are related closest to us. We have the capability of higher thinking and have complex problem solving abilities, and yet our species has still been developed greatly on our natural and sexual instincts. Sexual dimorphism: the difference between males and females in the same species, (Samal et al., 2007) is a great way to acknowledge these instincts. Sexual Dimorphism is evident in a large number of animal species, including humans. ...

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My theorizing was influenced by the discoveries of Darwin, who showed that human species is biologically tied to animals through evolution, and since he distinguished two major forces of survival and reproduction in animals, it was reasonable to look for the same forces in humans, since the psyche underwent a process of evolution in the same manner as the physical body did. ...

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The most important antecedent of behaviorism was animal psychology. ... His puzzle box was designed to study animal learning as well as animal behaviors. ... Behaviorists agreed with the belief of this animal psychologist. ... Second, both human and animal behavior would be investigated. ... The previously listed methods were first used to study instincts, emotions, learning, and thought processes. ...

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A Look at Modern Research in Cognitive Psychology "The inconsistencies that haunt our relationships with animals also result from the quirks of human cognition. ... Sometimes animals act more logically than people do; a recent study found that when picking a new home, the decisions of ant colonies were more rational than those of human house-hunters.What is it about human psychology that makes it so difficult for us to think constantly about animals? The paradoxes that plague our interactions with other species are due to the fact that much of our thinking is a mire of instinct, learning,...

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Yet if the dragon is indeed "clearly an animal: it acts by nature, not by intelligent thought" and its "chief trait is its fond attachment to its treasure, almost an obsession," then can one really blame am animal acting through instinct and purpose? ...

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Thus, if looking at the animal instinct, they are also setting the border between the outsider and also the same species to protect the community and their areas. ... "They enhance selection of 'worthy males' and provide breeding stations for animals that require male assistance in raising the young" (Westin, 57). ...

• Word Count: 1291
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Within The Fox and The Ladybird, it is possible to reduce these to the concepts of numerous dichotomies, a tripartite character composition, the dream as a vessel, animal and primitive connotations, and the will of the sub-conscious. ... This usage of archetypal animal association employed by Lawrence enables the reader to interpret the relations of the three characters like that of the hunter and hunted predator and prey. The effect of this is two-fold as it both simplifies the interactions and reduces the intent and will of the three people to the basic animalistic instincts, relating to...

• Word Count: 2002
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On the other hand maybe Jekyll is essentially mixed up: man is not "genuinely two" yet is as a matter of first importance the primitive animal encapsulated in Hyde, brought under provisional control by civilization, law, and still, small voice. ... Absolutely, the novel makes a special effort to paint Hyde as bestial he is bristly and revolting; he acts as per nature as opposed to reason; Utterson depicts him as a "troglodyte," or primitive animal. ... For a bestial animal, besides, Hyde appears to be strangely at home in the urban scene. ... Eventually, while Stevenson unmistakably affirms hu...

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The insatiable need to purchase, own, and consume has become so profoundly entrenched in twentieth-century Americans that their resurrected corpses are persistently driven by identical instincts and desires. ... Without labor, the characters are not able to become self-aware of their situation and when they lose this productive labor, the unaware individuals living in Romero's mall eventually fail to see what makes them essentially ' 'human,'' and they relapse to a more primitive, animal state...

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He argued that reason, democracy, progress, and respectability were all defining aspects of conventional morality, and that what we should really be concentrating on is the inner passion and animal instincts that provoke us as beings to think and act, and to be truly creative. ...

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Plato, Aristotle, and Zeno had nothing against sensual experience per se, but since it involved the body, rather than the mind or soul, these philosophers concluded that any lower animal could experience the phenomenon, and they felt that it required resources and time which could be better spent focusing on mind and spirit. ... By aggressively preaching a divine edict to renounce the fundamental instinct to seek pleasure, the Roman Christian church and other Christian sects thrived and gained unparalleled control over their adherents. However, since humankind's placement at the ...

• Word Count: 2074
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Hobbes's construction of the state, as a nominalist hypothesis, begins with the division of history into two categories; "natural history," which is the effects of nature, and the history of plants, animals and countries, and the implications to man-kind. ... Through such hypothesis Hobbes is able to define man, and build a an argument of man and the common-wealth based upon his natural animal instincts. ...

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Furthermore, Hydes small physique may signify the fact that Jekylls dark side has been suppressed for years, disallowing it from blossoming; his hairiness an embodiment of Jekylls instincts, the animalistic core beneath Jekylls refined exterior. ... General being was ranked in order of: God, angles, king, man animals, plants and so on. ...

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However, Erikson is much more society and culture- oriented than most Freudians, as you might except from someone with his anthropological interest, and he often pushes the instincts and the unconscious practically out of the picture. ... In primitive and traditional societies, an adolescent boy may be asked to leave the village for a period of time to live on his own, hunt some symbolic animal, or seek an inspirational vision. ...

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One might draw comparisons with Nietzsche's "Dionysian," the "id" that Freud contrasts with the ego and superego, and more generally with humanity's animal origins as revealed by evolutionary theory. ...

• Word Count: 1985
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King tribe of Africa's Kalahari Desert considers knowledge of animals and their behaviour as intelligent, whereas the comprehension of mathematics and problem-solving abilities are considered as intelligent in Western cultures [CITATION Bur091 p 335-336 t l 3081 ] Although the definition of intelligence is difficult, it is not impossible, and we shall adopt a general definition of intelligence for our discussion. ... Nature has also been extended to refer to the 'innateness' of an individual, otherwise known as behavioural instincts. ...

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