Many men and women, overworked and malnourished, where practically owned by the Lords and Kings to whom their land belonged. ... Many also claim that the crusades killed thousands of men who would have lived much longer lives without the religious influence that called them to their deaths on a crusade. Truly the men who died fighting on the battlefields and on the journeys to Jerusalem may have lived much longer and fruitful lives, but the crusades made people feel their lives were necessary and not just another tombstone. ... Nearly all aspects of the European religious ideals have positi...

• Word Count: 1002
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The conjunction of Franconian kings and Kaiser with the papacy had a long lasting significance just not for the successive history of Franconia, but also for the entire Europe. ... To resolve this issue, while Ludwig was in power he came up with number of plans to divide the Carolingian Empire equally among all to resolve the issue. ... After three years of hostile fight, struggling and discussions, all the involving parties were settled over the legacy of their father, Louis the Pious, in Verdun in 843. ... Meetings of the three leaders recognized and developed rules to control all their resp...

• Word Count: 3025
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The financial crisis in France would soon be solved once all of France has committed to free market capitalism. ... The Convention try's to make France a republic, which would mean no more kings. ... Robespierre and the committee practically led every aspect of the economy during this stage, therefore giving them all the power. Ultimately Robespierre becomes greedy and the super power by killing all of his rivals and leads himself to his own death where he meets Louis XVI. ... The houses include Council of Elders that had about 200 men, Council of 500, and Directory, which had five lea...

• Word Count: 1221
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Ferdinand II is described good-natured man, not that possessed more virtues than most kings did. ... An army of 20,000 men crossed the Bohemian border and marched on Pilsen, a Catholic stronghold 52 miles southwest of Prague. ... The young Protestant leader with his 12,000 men was in desperate need of help. ... This cost Christian 2,000 men and most of his cargo. ... This document nullified Protestant titles to all Roman Catholic property expropriated since the Peace of Augsburg. ...

• Word Count: 2101
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In response to the new thinking that was sparked by the Enlightenment, Romanticism, the Industrial Revolution and other changes in society, bloody and peaceful revolutions took place all over Europe. ... After the grand yet tragic rule of Louis XIV, the Bourbon kings watched as their power slipped out of their hands like a bar of soap. ... It did away with all special privileges in landed property, abolished feudalism, and vastly improved the conditions of the working class. ... The bourgeois (mainly the men of property) was well satisfied by their Directory as they called it, because it gra...

• Word Count: 4395
• Approx Pages: 18
• Grade Level: Undergraduate